Olfactory Reference Syndrome: Its Relationship to Comorbidity of Social Anxiety Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Olfactory reference syndrome (ORS) is known to have the clinical features of both obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD). However, there has been no clear explanation as to why ORS has the characteristics of two different disorders. In the present study, the comorbidity rates of ORS in patients with SAD (without OCD, n = 83), ORS in patients with OCD (without SAD, n = 42), and patients with SAD and OCD comorbidity (n = 17) were compared.

A diet supplemented with cholic acid elevates blood pressure accompanied by albuminuria in rats.

A diet supplemented with cholic acid (CA), the primary 12α-hydroxylated bile acid, can induce hepatic lipid accumulation in rats without obesity. This study examined the effects of a CA-supplemented diet on blood pressure (BP). After acclimation, WKAH/HkmSlc rats (3 weeks old) were divided into two groups and fed with a control AIN-93-based diet or a CA-supplemented diet (0.

Taurocholic acid, a primary 12α-hydroxylated bile acid, induces leakiness in the distal small intestine in rats.

A high-fat diet increases 12α-hydroxylated (12αOH) bile acid (BA) secretion in rats, and secondary BAs are responsible for the leaky gut. This study aimed to examine the role of primary 12αOH BAs in gut barrier impairment in rats using dietary cholic acid (CA) supplementation (0.5 g/kg diet).

12α-Hydroxylated bile acid enhances accumulation of adiponectin and immunoglobulin A in the rat ileum.

We previously reported that dietary supplementation with cholic acid (CA), the primary 12α-hydroxylated (12αOH) bile acid (BA), reduces plasma adiponectin concentration in rats. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of adiponectin in the body of CA-fed rats and its influence on mucosal immunoglobulin A concentration in the intestine. Rats were fed a diet supplemented with or without CA (0.

12α-Hydroxylated bile acid induces hepatic steatosis with dysbiosis in rats.

There is an increasing need to explore the mechanism of the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Steroid metabolism is closely linked to hepatic steatosis and steroids are excreted as bile acids (BAs). Here, we demonstrated that feeding WKAH/HkmSlc inbred rats a diet supplemented with cholic acid (CA) at 0.

Influence of AHRR Pro189Ala polymorphism on kidney functions.

The function of aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AHRR) in the kidney is unclear. The present study investigated associations between AHRR Pro189Ala polymorphism and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR), serum creatinine, and hemoglobin levels in 2775 Japanese adults without diabetes. In addition, we examined whether AHRR expression levels in the kidney of control and chronic kidney disease (CKD) rats were changed.

[Atypical depression in Japan--39 case series].

Unlabelled: In Japan, relatively little attention has been paid to atypical depression, which is defined as the presence of mood reactivity and two of four associated features: hyperphagia, hypersomnia, leaden paralysis, rejection sensitivity. The present study was undertaken to obtain detailed clinical information from patients with a diagnosis of atypical depression. We assessed clinical characteristics of each atypical feature, comorbidity of other psychiatric disorders, presence of a stressful life event, and underlying psychological stress in 39 psychiatric outpatients.

Endogenous 5-HT inhibits firing activity of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons during conditioned fear stress-induced freezing behavior through stimulating 5-HT1A receptors.

This study examines the activity of hippocampal CA, pyramidal neurons during conditioned fear stress (CFS)-induced freezing behavior in unanesthetized, unrestrained rats. The firing frequency of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons was significantly decreased when conditioned rats exhibited freezing behavior. Firing frequency returned to the baseline after freezing behavior disappeared.

Effects of a benzodioxan derivative MKC-242 on the firing activity of the dorsal hippocampus CA1 pyramidal neurons in awake and urethane- anaesthetized rats: in vivo electrophysiological evidence for a 5-HT 1A agonistic property.

The aim of the present in vivo study was to determine whether a benzodioxan derivative MKC-242, (S)-5-[3-[(1,4-benzodioxan-2-ylmethyl)amino]propoxy]-1,3-benzodioxole hydrochloride, possesses an agonistic activity at postsynaptic serotonin (5-HT)1A receptors in the rat hippocampus when administered systemically. We examined the effects of acute administrations of MKC-242 on the firing activities of dorsal hippocampus CA1 pyramidal neurons. In quiet awake rats, s.