Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors may lower body temperature: A case-control study.

Aims: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) enhance GABAergic transmission via the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)/GLP-1 receptor pathway. Oral γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) administration reduces body temperature in humans; thus, DPP4i may reduce body temperature in humans. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of DPP4i administration on the body temperature of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Hot Water Eliminates the Bitter Taste of Oral Semaglutide: A Report of Four Cases.

Semaglutide is a well-designed drug with a special coating that allows for oral administration to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, patients taking oral semaglutide complain of its bitter taste. We therefore considered suggesting that patients take oral semaglutide with hot water.

Effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors on glycated hemoglobin levels relies on dietary sodium intake.

Aims: Sodium load increases endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels in humans. Therefore, patients with an increased amount of dietary sodium intake are supposed to have higher endogenous GLP-1 levels compared to those with less dietary sodium intake. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with more dietary sodium intake show better dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i) effect on glycemic control because of the expected higher GLP-1 level.

The ratio of free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine is regulated differently in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated and not treated with sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.

Background And Aims: Triiodothyronine reduces sodium glucose cotransporter 2 expression in the kidney and increased glucose excretion in urine of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Free thyroxine is also negatively associated with islet beta-cell function in euthyroid subjects. However, the influence of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor on thyroid function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has not been established.

Small dense LDL cholesterol measured by homogeneous assay in Japanese healthy controls, metabolic syndrome and diabetes patients with or without a fatty liver.

Background: Serum small dense LDL-cholesterol (sdLDL-C) levels in healthy controls and the cases with diabetes (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) with or without a fatty liver in a large, typical Japanese population was determined.

Methods: The plasma lipids and lipoproteins, including sdLDL-C by homogeneous assay, were determined in controls, MetS and T2DM patients (n=5255). The cases with MetS and preliminary MetS (pre-MetS) as well as T2DM and preliminary T2DM (pre-DM) were selected based on the Japanese criteria for MetS and T2DM.

Strong antibody reaction against glycosphingolipids injected in liposome-embedded forms in beta3GN-T5 knockout mice.

It is known that mutant mice of the beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase gene (beta3Gn-T5) respond well to T-cell dependent and independent antigens. Here, we examined the effectiveness of anti-ganglioside antibody generation by immunization of beta3Gn-T5 mutant mice with liposome-embedded glycosphingolipids such as GD1a and GT1b. Consequently, the mutant mice showed a more efficient generation of anti-GD1a or anti-GT1b antibodies than wild-type mice in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using sera during immunization.