Temporal trends in endovascular therapy for acute stroke in the era of modern mechanical thrombectomy: The JR-NET4 study.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine nationwide trends in acute stroke endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) following five pivotal trials in 2015 that established it as the 'standard of care'.

Methods: The Japanese Registry of NeuroEndovascular Therapy 4 was a nationwide retrospective study registering consecutive patients who underwent neurointervention by specialists certified by the Japanese Society for Neuroendovascular Therapy at 166 centers from January 2015 to December 2019. We extracted patients who underwent EVT, and analyzed the annual trends in baseline characteristics, revascularization procedures and outcomes.

[Association between the uptake rates of countermeasure-type colorectal cancer screening, new cancer detection indices, and number of municipal public health nurses: An ecological study].

Objective　We conducted an ecological analysis of the structures and processes of municipalities implementing countermeasure-type colorectal cancer screening services, which are associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. We analyzed the populations' demographic characteristics, number of public health nurses (PHNs), and human base for such services. The process was evaluated using the screening uptake rates for countermeasure-type cancer screening and detection indices.

Image Quality Evaluation for Brain Soft Tissue in Neuro -endovascular Treatment by Dose-reduction Mode of Dual-axis "Butterfly" Scan.

Background And Purpose: Flat-panel cone-beam CT (CBCT) is essential for detecting hemorrhagic complications during neuroendovascular treatments. Despite its superior image quality and trajectory over conventional CBCT (Circular scan), dual-axis butterfly scan incurs a slightly higher radiation dose relative to conventional CBCT. This study evaluates the image quality in dose-reduction mode to uncover the appropriate radiation dose for the butterfly scan.

The efficacy and safety of the internal medication therapy of the triple drugs for chronic subdural hematoma: Retrospective analysis.

The recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) after surgical treatment is a severe problem with no effective prevention method. This retrospective study aimed to investigate factors associated with CSDH recurrence after burr hole surgery and hematoma changes on computed tomography before surgery to examine prevention methods for recurrence. A total of 166 hematomas were enrolled in this study, with 139 patients undergoing burr hole surgery for CSDH.

Risk factors for recurrent biliary obstruction following endoscopic biliary stenting in patients with unresectable ampullary cancer: A multicenter retrospective study.

Objectives: Unresectable ampullary cancer (AC) is a rare disease entity. The risk factors for recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) following endoscopic biliary stenting (EBS) for unresectable AC remain unknown. In this study we aimed to evaluate the cumulative RBO rate and to identify risk factors for RBO following palliative EBS in patients with unresectable AC.

Efficacy and Safety of Lumbar Drainage before Endovascular Treatment for Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms.

Objective: Intraoperative rebleeding during endovascular treatment for ruptured intracranial aneurysms is associated with poor prognosis. Lumbar drainage is performed preoperatively to control intracranial pressure; however, it is associated with a risk of brain herniation or rebleeding because intracranial pressure may change rapidly. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the efficacy and safety of preoperative lumbar drainage.

Transvenous Embolization for Isolated Superior Petrosal Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistula.

Isolated superior petrosal sinus dural arteriovenous fistula (SPSdAVF) is a rare condition for which transvenous embolization is a safe treatment, even if accessing the isolated sinus can be challenging. A 39-year-old female patient with dizziness and right facial palsy underwent magnetic resonance imaging, revealing a venous infarction at the posterior fossa and a dural arteriovenous fistula. Digital subtraction angiography showed an isolated SPSdAVF.

Clinical and imaging features of interstitial lung disease in cancer patients treated with trastuzumab deruxtecan.

Background: Interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis (ILD/pneumonitis) has been identified as a drug-related adverse event of special interest of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), but there were a few reports of T-DXd-related ILD/pneumonitis in clinical practice.

Methods: Between May 25, 2020 (the launch of T-DXd in Japan) and February 24, 2022, there were 287 physician-reported potential ILD/pneumonitis cases from the Japanese post-marketing all-case surveillance. By February 27, 2022, an independent adjudication committee assessed 138 cases and adjudicated 130 cases as T-DXd-related ILD/pneumonitis.

Efficacy of redox nanoparticles for improving survival of transplanted cells in a mouse model of ischemic stroke.

The success of cell transplantation therapy for ischemic stroke is hindered by the low cell survival rate in poststroke brain, due in part to high free radical production and ensuing oxidative stress. We have developed redox nanoparticles to eliminate reactive oxygen species. In this study, we tested the protective efficacy of these redox nanoparticles in cell culture and a mouse model of ischemic stroke.

Significance of Shear Wave Dispersion Slope Values Before Versus After Biliary Drainage in Patients With Obstructive Jaundice: A Single-Center Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

The shear wave dispersion (SWD) slope has become available in the clinical practice and is related to tissue viscosity. However, clinical evaluation using SWD was not yet performed for obstructive jaundice. We aimed to evaluate the change of SWD values between before and after biliary drainage in patients with obstructive jaundice.

Effects of activation of an alcohol metabolic gene, cigarette smoking, and alcohol intake on the incidence of metachronous gastric cancer in patients who underwent endoscopic resection for gastric cancer: A multicenter retrospective pilot study.

Background And Aim: Metachronous gastric cancer (GC) frequently occurs in patients who have undergone endoscopic resection (ER) for GC. We evaluated the risk for development of metachronous GC following ER for GC based on genetic polymorphisms for alcohol dehydrogenase-1B (ADH1B) and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2), as well as alcohol consumption and smoking habits.

Methods: We studied 77 patients who underwent ER for GC (median follow-up of 84 months).

Clinical significance of dispersion imaging by shear wave elastography in the treatment and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Background And Aim: Recently, dispersion imaging by shear wave elastography has been developed to visualize a tissue viscosity-related factor by measuring the dispersion slope. However, clinical significance of dispersion imaging in the field of pancreatic cancer is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of dispersion imaging in the treatment and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Genetic Analyses of Cell-Free DNA in Pancreatic Juice or Bile for Diagnosing Pancreatic Duct and Biliary Tract Strictures.

Poor prognosis of pancreaticobiliary malignancies is attributed to intrinsic biological aggressiveness and the lack of reliable methods for early diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and availability of pancreatic juice- and bile-derived cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for diagnosing pancreaticobiliary stricture. From October 2020 to February 2022, pancreatic juice or bile was obtained from 50 patients with pancreaticobiliary strictures during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Successful Surgical Treatment of a Recurrent Pelvic Solitary Fibrous Tumor of Uterine Origin Accompanied by Doege-Potter Syndrome: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Solitary fibrous tumors (SFT), rare soft-tissue neoplasms, are usually found in the thoracic cavity, and a uterine origin is extremely rare. SFTs with insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) production induce non-islet cell tumor-induced hypoglycemia (NICTH), referred to as Doege-Potter syndrome. CASE REPORT A 70-year-old woman presented with urinary retention, and imaging revealed a huge mass occupying almost the entire pelvic space.

Induction of angiogenesis and neural progenitor cells by basic fibroblast growth factor-releasing polyglycolic acid sheet following focal cerebral infarction in mice.

Biodegradable sheets loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) are prepared as novel bFGF-releasing systems from polyglycolic acid nonwoven fabric by oxygen plasma treatment followed by bFGF adsorption. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of this system on a focal cerebral infarction model (CB-17 mouse). A preliminary in vitro study showed that this system released bFGF in an acellular culture medium, thereby keeping the bFGF concentration in the medium at ≥5 ng/ml for a prolonged period of 7 days.