The impact of farming on prehistoric culinary practices throughout Northern Europe.

To investigate changes in culinary practices associated with the arrival of farming, we analysed the organic residues of over 1,000 pottery vessels from hunter-gatherer-fisher and early agricultural sites across Northern Europe from the Lower Rhine Basin to the Northeastern Baltic. Here, pottery was widely used by hunter-gatherer-fishers prior to the introduction of domesticated animals and plants. Overall, there was surprising continuity in the way that hunter-gatherer-fishers and farmers used pottery.

Epidemiology and risk factors for premature physeal closure in distal femur fractures.

Background And Purpose: Premature physeal closure (PPC) is a common and concerning complication to distal femoral fractures as the distal growth plate accounts for 70% of the growth of the femur. The literature is not unanimous in determining the risk factors of PPC, and the epidemiological characterization of these fractures is limited. Our aim was to calculate the population-based incidence and investigate risk factors for PPC in these fractures.

Detecting informal green, blue, and street physical activity spaces in the city using geotagged sports-related Twitter tweets.

Introduction: Finland's natural physical environment and climate support a wide variety of informal outdoor sports, thereby motivating the population to do physical exercise in scenic environments. The vast majority of Finns enjoys outdoor recreational activities, and could thus be encouraged to post accounts of their year-round activities on social media. Our aim was to find out in what kind of areas and spaces, spatially, users are tweeting about sporting activities.

Epidemiology and management of proximal tibia fractures in children and adolescents: a population-based study based on the Kids' Fracture Tool.

Background And Purpose: Proximal tibial fractures are infrequent injuries in children, and the literature on epidemiology, associated injuries, and management is limited. We calculated a population-based incidence and described the characteristics of proximal tibial fractures in children in terms of complications and management.

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective study over a 6-year-period during including 241 children with proximal tibial fractures who presented to our university hospital.

Alpha-chloralose poisoning in cats in three Nordic countries - the importance of secondary poisoning.

Background: Alpha-chloralose (AC) is a compound known to be toxic to various animal species and humans. In 2018 and 2019 an increase in suspected cases of AC poisoning in cats related to the use of AC as a rodenticide was reported to national veterinary and chemical authorities in Finland, Norway and Sweden by veterinarians working in clinical practices in respective country. The aims of this study were to prospectively investigate AC poisoning in cats, including possible secondary poisoning by consuming poisoned mice, and to study metabolism and excretion of AC in cats through analysis of feline urine.

Early Evidence for Northern Salmonid Fisheries Discovered using Novel Mineral Proxies.

Salmonid resources currently foster socioeconomic prosperity in several nations, yet their importance to many ancient circumpolar societies is poorly understood due to insufficient fish bone preservation at archaeological sites. As a result, there are serious gaps in our knowledge concerning the antiquity of northern salmonid fisheries and their impacts on shaping biodiversity, hunter-gatherer adaptations, and human-ecological networks. The interdisciplinary study presented here demonstrates that calcium-magnesium phosphate minerals formed in burned salmonid bones can preserve at ancient northern sites, thus informing on the early utilization of these resources despite the absence of morphologically classifiable bones.

The prevalence and correlates of anticoagulant rodenticide exposure in non-target predators and scavengers in Finland.

The most common rodent control method worldwide is anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs), which cause death by internal bleeding. ARs can transfer to non-target predators via secondary exposure, i.e.

Genome-Wide Association Study of Erosive Tooth Wear in a Finnish Cohort.

Erosive tooth wear is defined as irreversible loss of dental tissues due to intrinsic or extrinsic acids, exacerbated by mechanical forces. Recent studies have suggested a higher prevalence of erosive tooth wear in males, as well as a genetic contribution to susceptibility to erosive tooth wear. Our aim was to examine erosive tooth wear by performing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a sample of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (n = 1,962).

Six-month survival and quality of life of intensive care patients with acute kidney injury.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) has high incidence among the critically ill and associates with dismal outcome. Not only the long-term survival, but also the quality of life (QOL) of patients with AKI is relevant due to substantial burden of care regarding these patients. We aimed to study the long-term outcome and QOL of patients with AKI treated in intensive care units.

Miniaturized versus conventional cardiopulmonary bypass in high-risk patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.

Objective: To review our results with the use of miniaturized cardiopulmonary bypass (Mini-CPB) versus conventional cardiopulmonary bypass (C-CPB) in high-risk patients (additive EuroSCORE>or=6) who have undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).

Patients And Methods: This study includes a consecutive series of 236 patients with an additive EuroSCORE>or=6 who underwent CABG, employing either C-CPB or Mini-CPB. Propensity score analysis was performed.

Is it possible to improve the accuracy of EuroSCORE?

Objective: We derived a new risk-scoring method by modifying some of the risk factors included in the EuroSCORE algorithm.

Methods: This study includes 3613 patients who underwent cardiac surgery at the Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland. The EuroSCORE variables, along with modified age classes (< 60 years, 60-69.

Outcome after coronary artery bypass surgery with miniaturized versus conventional cardiopulmonary bypass.

We have reviewed the results of our experience with the use of miniaturized (Mini-CPB) versus conventional (C-CPB) cardiopulmonary bypass in coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). This study included 365 patients who underwent CABG with C-CPB and 101 patients with Mini-CPB. In-hospital mortality was lower in the C-CPB group (1.

Different effects of pH on the permeation of pilocarpine and pilocarpine prodrugs across the isolated rabbit cornea.

Ocular absorption of pilocarpine and many other ophthalmic drugs can be improved by prodrug derivatization. For stability and solubility reasons basic prodrugs must be formulated at acidic pH, which may affect the corneal drug permeability. We studied the effects of pH on in vitro permeation of pilocarpine, pilocarpic acid benzyl diester prodrugs [O-propionyl (I) and O-valeryl (II)] and O,O'-(1, 4-xylylene) bispilocarpic acid diester prodrugs [O,O'-diacetyl (III), O,O'-dipropionyl (IV) and O,O'-divaleryl (V)] through albino rabbit cornea.

Is Daphnia magna an ecologically representative zooplankton species in toxicity tests?

Daphnia magna is commonly used in aquatic toxicity testing because of many characters that make it easy and economical to culture in the laboratory: it is relatively small, has short life cycle, high fecundity, and parthenogenetic reproduction. On the other hand, D. magna differs from other freshwater zooplankters in size, habitat, life-history, and ability to withstand fish predation.