Impact of a Disease-Focused Electronic Health Record Dashboard on Clinical Staff Efficiency in Previsit Patient Review in an Ambulatory Pulmonary Hypertension Care Clinic.

Objectives:  We aimed to improve the operational efficiency of clinical staff, including physicians and allied health professionals, in the previsit review of patients by implementing a disease-focused dashboard within the electronic health record system. The dashboard was tailored to the unique requirements of the clinic and patient population.

Methods:  A prospective quality improvement study was conducted at an accredited pulmonary hypertension (PH) clinic within a large academic center, staffed by two full time physicians and two allied health professionals.

Robotic-assisted bronchoscopy: a narrative review of systems.

Background And Objective: Robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (RAB) has emerged as an advanced technology for lung cancer diagnosis. This review explores the three approved robotic bronchoscopy systems: Ion™ Endoluminal (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA), Monarch™ (Johnson & Johnson, Redwood City, CA, USA), and Galaxy System™ (Noah Medical, San Carlos, CA, USA), and their different operational systems. This narrative review aims to summarize their findings and outcomes for sampling peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPL) suspected of lung cancer.

Shape-Sensing Robotic-Assisted Bronchoscopy in the Multiple Pulmonary Nodule Diagnosis during a Single Anesthetic Event.

Introduction: The widespread use of computed tomography as a screening tool for early lung cancer has increased detection of pulmonary lesions. It is common to encounter patients with more than one peripheral pulmonary nodule (PPN) of uncertain etiology. Shape-sensing robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (ssRAB) emerges as a potential alternative to biopsy multiple PPN, in addition to mediastinal staging in single anesthetic procedure.

Arterial hypertension and its covariates among nomadic Raute hunter-gatherers of Western Nepal: a mixed-method study.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of, and understand the factors associated with, hypertension among the nomadic Raute hunter-gatherers of Western Nepal.

Design: A mixed-method study.

Setting: The study was carried out at Raute temporary campsites in the Surkhet District of Karnali Province between May and September 2021.

Annual consumption of parenteral antibiotics in a tertiary hospital of Nepal, 2017-2019: a cross-sectional study.

Setting: Patan Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Lalitpur District, Nepal.

Objectives: To describe the annual parenteral antibiotic consumption in 1) defined daily dose (DDD) and DDD per 100 admissions; 2) calculate DDD per 100 admissions and proportions by pharmacological subgroup, chemical subgroup and AWaRe categories; and 3) describe patient expenditure on parenteral antibiotics as a proportion of the total patient expenditure on drugs and consumables between 2017 and 2019.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study.

Antibiotic Use and Treatment Outcomes among Children with Community-Acquired Pneumonia Admitted to a Tertiary Care Public Hospital in Nepal.

In the era of growing antimicrobial resistance, there is a concern about the effectiveness of first-line antibiotics such as ampicillin in children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. In this study, we describe antibiotic use and treatment outcomes among under-five children with community-acquired pneumonia admitted to a tertiary care public hospital in Nepal from 2017 to 2019. In this cross-sectional study involving secondary analysis of hospital data, there were 659 patients and 30% of them had a history of prehospital antibiotic use.

Bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility of neonatal sepsis in neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital in Nepal.

Background: Neonatal sepsis, one of the leading causes of mortality in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) of developing countries like Nepal, is often not extensively studied. In order to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with neonatal sepsis, neonatologists should have a keen knowledge of the existing bacteriological flora and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. In this study, we aim to determine the bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of culture positive neonatal sepsis in the NICU of a tertiary teaching hospital in Nepal.

Induction and prevention of virus-associated malignant lymphoma by serial transmission of EBV-related virus from cynomolgus by blood transfusion in rabbits.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related herpesvirus (Si-IIA-EBV) was serially transmitted for 3 passages from rabbit to rabbit of the opposite sex by blood transfusion, which subsequently induced virus-associated rabbit lymphomas. The virus could be transmitted by transfusion with 15-20 ml of whole blood (7/7) or irradiated blood (1/6) from the EBV-related virus-infected rabbits, but there was no transmission with transfusion of cell-free plasma (0/6) from the infected rabbits. Passive anti-EBV-VCA IgG (x 20 approximately x 10) titers decreased during the first 1-2 weeks in the transfused rabbits.

Therapeutic trials for a rabbit model of EBV-associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome (HPS): effects of vidarabine or CHOP, and development of Herpesvirus papio (HVP)-negative lymphomas surrounded by HVP-infected lymphoproliferative disease.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (EBV-AHS), which is often associated with fatal infectious mononucleosis or T-cell lymphoproliferative diseases (LPD), is a distinct disease characterized by high mortality. Treatment of patients with EBV-AHS has proved challenging. To develop some therapeutic interventions for EBV-AHS, we examined the effectiveness of an antiviral agent (vidarabine) or chemotherapy (CHOP), using a rabbit model for EBV-AHS.

Rabbit model for human EBV-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS): sequential autopsy analysis and characterization of IL-2-dependent cell lines established from herpesvirus papio-induced fatal rabbit lymphoproliferative diseases with HPS.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (EBV-AHS) is often associated with fatal infectious mononucleosis or T-cell lymphoproliferative diseases (LPD). To elucidate the true nature of fatal LPD observed in Herpesvirus papio (HVP)-induced rabbit hemophagocytosis, reactive or neoplastic, we analyzed sequential development of HVP-induced rabbit LPD and their cell lines. All of the seven Japanese White rabbits inoculated intravenously with HVP died of fatal LPD 18 to 27 days after inoculation.

Decreased expression of MAP-2 and GAD in the brain of cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus.

HIV-1 infection is often complicated by the dysfunction of central nervous system (CNS). Degenerative neuronal changes as well as neuronal loss have been documented in individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) causes similar CNS manifestation and FIV infected cats provide an animal model for human immunodeficiency virus infection in humans.

Expression of CXCR4 in the brain of feline immunodeficiency virus infected cat.

Advances in understanding the mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 entry have revealed that the cell surface CD4 expression alone is insufficient and needs an additional molecule on its surface for the viral entry. These are G-protein coupled seven transmembrane (7-TM) family molecules (chemokine receptor) and amongst them one is CXCR4. Feline homologue of CXCR4 acting as a co-receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) entry is already reported for the Crandle feline kidney cells strain (CrFK) of FIV.

Cyno-EBV (EBV-related herpesvirus from cynomolgus macaques) induces rabbit malignant lymphomas and their tumor cell lines frequently show specific chromosomal abnormalities.

Malignant lymphoma (ML) induction in rabbits by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related herpesvirus of cynomolgus (Cyno-EBV) is reported. Twenty-seven of 30 (90%) rabbits inoculated intravenously with Cyno-EBV-producing simian (cynomolgus) lymphocyte cell line (Ts-B6) cells developed ML between 45 and 115 days after inoculation. The peroral inoculation of Ts-B6 cells induced ML in only 2 of 10 (20%) rabbits (75 to 85 days).

Blood glucose and ischemic brain damage.

The effect of hyperglycemia on ischemic brain damage was studied in a rat model of incomplete ischemia. Incomplete ischemia was produced by permanent occlusion of one (either left or right) common carotid artery (CCA). Hyperglycemia was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 50% glucose, and same volume of physiological saline was injected in the controls 40 min before CCA ligation.

Analysis of the genome of an Epstein-Barr-virus (EBV)-related herpesvirus in a cynomolgus monkey cell line (Si-IIA).

A simian cell line, Si-IIA, harboring Epstein-Barr-virus (EBV)-related herpesvirus (Si-IIA-EBV), produces malignant lymphoma in rabbits when administered by intravenous inoculation. In this study, we analyzed the Si-IIA-EBV genome and compared it with human EBV and herpesvirus macaca fascicularis 1 (HVMF 1), which is associated with B-cell lymphoma developing in SIV-infected immunosuppressed monkeys. DNA from Si-IIA-EBV was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction using three different primer pairs complementary to human EBV (B95-8) DNA; two of the primer pairs covered part of the long internal repeat 1 region (IR 1) and the third covered part of the BRRF 1 region.

Malignant lymphoma induction of rabbits with oral spray of Epstein-Barr virus-related herpesvirus from Si-IIA cells (HTLV-II-transformed Cynomolgus cell line): a possible animal model for Epstein-Barr virus infection and subsequent virus-related tumors in humans.

Malignant lymphoma (ML) was induced in eight of nine rabbits inoculated by oral spray of the cell-free pellets from Si-IIA culture (HTLV-II-transformed leukocyte cell line of the Cynomolgus-producing Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related herpesvirus) after 64-141 days. None of the rabbits inoculated with EBV from B-95-8 cells or HTLV-II from MOT cells developed ML. Malignant lymphomas were usually of diffuse, large-cell or mixed type.

Malignant lymphoma induction in rabbits by oral inoculation of crude virus fraction prepared from Ts-B6 cells (cynomolgus B-lymphoblastoid cells harboring Epstein-Barr virus-related simian herpesvirus).

Malignant lymphoma was induced in Japanese (JWY), New Zealand (NZY) and Dutch (DUY) white rabbits by oral spray of cell-free pellets of culture fluid (crude virus fraction) of Ts-B6 cells (cynomolgus monkey B-lymphoblastoid cells harboring Epstein Barr virus-related simian herpesvirus or Cyno-EBV). Nine of 11 inoculated rabbits developed malignant lymphomas within 42-160 days after oral inoculation (JWY, 2/3; NZY, 5/6; DUY, 2/2). In contrast, none of the control rabbits inoculated in the same fashion with B95-8 (EBV-producing marmoset cell line) cell-free pellets developed malignant lymphoma.

Nephrogenic adenoma of the ureter--a case report.

We present a case of nephrogenic adenoma, a rare benign lesion arising from the ureter. Histologically, it showed the formation of epithelial lined tubules resembling the renal tubules. Special Stain demonstrated the presence of intraluminal PAS-positive materials.

Protection of rabbits against HTLV-II infection with a synthetic peptide corresponding to HTLV-II neutralization region.

Rabbit immune sera raised against synthetic peptides of the HTLV-II envelope gp46 region were examined for HTLV-II neutralization ability by HTLV-vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotype assay and syncytium inhibition assay. HTLV-II neutralization activity was detected in the sera against HTLV-II Env gp46, 80-103 but not in those to HTLV-II Env gp46, 171-196. Three rabbits immunized with the synthetic peptide of HTLV-II Env gp46, 80-103 and three non-immunized rabbits were challenged with intravenous inoculation of an HTLV-II-producing human cell line (MOT, 1 x 10(7) cells).

Malignant lymphoma induction in rabbits by intravenous inoculation of Epstein-Barr-virus-related herpesvirus from HTLV-II-transformed cynomolgus leukocyte cell line (Si-IIA).

Malignant lymphomas, which were usually of T-cell type, were induced in 10 of 13 (77%) male rabbits (Japanese white, 8/10; New Zealand white, 2/3) inoculated i.v. with HTLV-II-transformed simian (Cynomolgus) leukocyte cell line (Si-IIA) cells.

Bauhinia purpurea and Pisum sativum lectin binding in human breast.

The binding of biotinylated bauhinia purpurea (BPA) and pisum Sativum (PSA) lectins to paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 10 normal breast and 55 breast carcinoma has been investigated by applying avidin biotin peroxidase method (ABC). BPA showed very low affinity for normal breast epithelium and the binding was confined to the luminal surface. Eighty-seven percent carcinoma bound BPA, and the staining patterns varied depending on the histologic grade of tumors: luminal surface binding in grade 1 carcinomas; diffuse, granular cytoplasmic with para- or perinuclear deposits and staining along the plasma membrane in grade 2 and grade 3 carcinomas.

HTLV-II non-integrated malignant lymphoma induction in Japanese white rabbits following intravenous inoculation of HTLV-II-infected simian leukocyte cell line (Si-IIA).

Lymphoma induction in rabbits by an unknown factor derived from an HTLV-II-producing simian (Cynomolgus) leukocyte cell line (Si-IIA) is reported. Thirteen of 17 male Japanese white rabbits (76%) inoculated intravenously with Si-IIA cells developed malignant lymphoma including Hodgkin-like lymphoma between 62 and 167 days after inoculation. Histologically, there was extensive diffuse or nodular infiltration of either large cell type or mixed type lymphoma cells in many organs, frequently involving the spleen, liver, lymph nodes and kidneys, and less frequently the thymus, bone marrow, lungs, heart, skin and gastrointestinal tract.

Lectin histochemistry of normal lung and pulmonary carcinoma.

Normal bronchopulmonary tissues and pulmonary carcinomas including three major types (squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and small-cell carcinoma) were studied using three biotinylated lectins (Bauhinia purpurea [BPA], Phaseolus vulgaris [PHA], and Maclura pomifera [MPA]) by avidin biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method. The study demonstrated that BPA binds with macrophages and pneumocytes of normal tissue, and with adenocarcinoma and small-cell carcinoma, but nonreactive with squamous cell carcinoma. PHA and MPA bound to all the normal components of bronchopulmonary tree and carcinomas of all types.

Bauhinia purpurea agglutinin (BPA) binding sites in human gastrointestinal tract.

The binding of biotinylated BPA to parraffin sections of 18 normal gastrointestinal tract mucosa, 5 nonneoplastic polyps (NNP), 12 adenomas, and 59 carcinomas was studied by using avidinbiotin peroxidase complex (ABC) technique. In normal mucosa BPA appeared to bind both mucus and nonmucus glycoproteins but goblet cell mucus showed a decrease in binding and increase in binding of nonmucus glycoproteins as the cells lose their differentiation. BPA showed characteristic binding patterns in adenoma and carcinoma that differed from the pattern in normal mucosa.