Effects of Japanese Diet on Post-Exercise Glycogen Recovery in Mice Skeletal Muscle and Liver.

The diet consumed by most Japanese people, which contains high amounts of carbohydrate and low levels of fat compared with the Western-style diet (WD), has been considered an effective diet for promoting glycogen recovery after exercise. However, there is no direct evidence to support this general belief, because no studies have examined the effect of whole, actually cooked Japanese-style diet (JD) on post-exercise glycogen replenishment. In this study, we comparatively examined the effects of a cooked typical JD and WD on glycogen accumulation in mouse skeletal muscle and liver after acute exercise.

Allelic variants in xenobiotic metabolism genes predict susceptibility and worse prognosis of urothelial bladder cancer.

Biomarkers that identify tumors with better/worse prognosis can help reduce treatment costs and contribute to patient survival. In urothelial bladder cancer (UBC), accurate prediction of recurrence and progression is essential to inform therapeutic management. Herein, we explore the role of genetic variants of xenobiotic metabolic pathways in UBC susceptibility and prognosis.

Changes in Physical Activity Across Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Based on Smartphone Step Count Data Linked to a Japanese Claims Database: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Although physical activity (PA) is recommended for patients with cancer, changes in PA across cancer diagnosis and treatment have not been objectively evaluated.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of cancer diagnosis and treatment on PA levels.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using a Japanese claims database provided by DeSC Healthcare Inc, in which daily step count data, derived from smartphone pedometers, are linked to the claims data.

Electronic patient-reported outcomes as digital therapeutics for patients with cancer: a narrative review of current practices and future directions.

Improved cancer treatment outcomes have increased the demand for medical care that considers the quality of life of patients with cancer. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) help assess the quality of life because they involve direct evaluation of the patients. Recently, electronic PROs (ePROs) have been used in clinical cancer care settings in Europe and the United States.

CTLA4 genetic variants associated with urothelial bladder cancer susceptibility.

Purpose: The study evaluated the relationship between the CTLA4 rs231775 (+49A>G) and rs231779 (+1822C>T) variants and susceptibility, stage, prognosis and response to treatment of the urothelial bladder cancer (UBC).

Methods: A total of 140 patients with UBC and 145 controls were enrolled. The patients were stratified as non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle invasive bladder cancer (MICB), metastasis, recurrence, low/moderate/high/very high risk.

Supplementation with autologous adipose stem cell-derived mitochondria can be a safe and promising strategy for improving oocyte quality.

Purpose: In our previous study, we confirmed that the supplementation of vitrified-warmed murine oocytes with autologous adipose stem cell (ASC)-derived mitochondria during intracytoplasmic sperm injection enhances post-fertilization developmental competence in mice. To ensure the safety of this technology, we conducted a thorough study in mice to investigate the potential presence of specific malformations in offspring developed from this approach.

Methods: A transgenerational comparative analysis was conducted on founder mice from embryos that developed after mitochondrial supplementation, and two subsequent generations.

Involvement of necroptotic cell death in macrophages in progression of bleomycin and LPS-induced acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the severe form of interstitial pneumonias. Acute exacerbation (AE) of IPF is characterized by progressive lung fibrosis with the irreversible lung function decline and inflammation, and is often fatal with poor prognosis. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms in AE of IPF are still not fully understood.

Difference between Keratinized- and Non-Keratinized-Originating Epithelium in the Process of Immune Escape of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including anti-programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies, are significantly changing treatment strategies for human malignant diseases, including oral cancer. Cancer cells usually escape from the immune system and acquire proliferative capacity and invasive/metastatic potential. We have focused on the two immune checkpoints, PD-1/PD-L1 and CD47/SIRPα, in the tumor microenvironment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), performed a retrospective analysis of the expression of seven immune-related factors (PD-L1, PD-1, CD4, CD8, CD47, CD56 and CD11c), and examined their correlation with clinicopathological status.

Effect of Enoxaparin and Daikenchuto Coadministration on Hepatic Disorder Markers in Gynecological Cancer Patients after Abdominal Surgery.

Enoxaparin and daikenchuto are commonly administered to prevent venous thromboembolism and intestinal obstruction after gynecological malignancy surgery. However, the effects of their combined use on hepatic function are not well studied. This study aimed to clarify the effects of the coadministration of enoxaparin and daikenchuto on hepatic function.

The effects of long-term lactate and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on brain neuroplasticity of aged mice.

Extensive research has confirmed numerous advantages of exercise for promoting brain health. More recent studies have proposed the potential benefits of lactate, the by-product of exercise, in various aspects of brain function and disorders. However, there remains a gap in understanding the effects of lactate dosage and its impact on aged rodents.

Long-term iron supplementation combined with vitamin B6 enhances maximal oxygen uptake and promotes skeletal muscle-specific mitochondrial biogenesis in rats.

Introduction: Iron is an essential micronutrient that plays a crucial role in various biological processes. Previous studies have shown that iron supplementation is related to exercise performance and endurance capacity improvements. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for these effects are not well understood.

PGC-1α activation boosts exercise-dependent cellular response in the skeletal muscle.

The role of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator alpha (PGC-1α) in fat metabolism is not well known. In this study, we compared the mechanisms of muscle-specific PGC-1α overexpression and exercise-related adaptation-dependent fat metabolism. PGC-1α trained (PGC-1α Ex) and wild-trained (wt-ex) mice were trained for 10 weeks, five times a week at 30 min per day with 60 percent of their maximal running capacity.

Molecular cloning, subcellular localization, and rapid recruitment to DNA damage sites of chicken Ku70.

Ku70 is a multifunctional protein with pivotal roles in DNA repair via non-homologous end-joining, V(D)J recombination, telomere maintenance, and neuronal apoptosis control. Nonetheless, its regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Chicken Ku70 (GdKu70) cDNA has been previously cloned, and DT40 cells expressing it have significantly contributed to critical biological discoveries.

Anti-EJ antibody-positive interstitial pneumonia with breast cancer improved by combining immunosuppressive therapy and chemotherapy.

We present a case of a 45-year-old woman diagnosed with interstitial pneumonia (IP) during a comprehensive breast cancer evaluation. Although the patient showed no obvious clinical symptoms of polymyositis or dermatomyositis, the presence of anti-glycyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase antibodies confirmed anti-synthetase syndrome. The patient began methylprednisolone for treatment of the IP.

A very high-carbohydrate diet differentially affects whole-body glucose tolerance and hepatic insulin resistance in rats.

Objectives: This study was performed to assess the effects of long-term intake of a very high carbohydrate (VHCHO) diet (76% of total energy from carbohydrate [CHO]) on whole-body glucose tolerance and hepatic insulin resistance.

Methods And Materials: Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed either a control high-CHO diet (59% total energy from CHO; n = 8) or a VHCHO diet (76% total energy from CHO; n = 8) for 17 wk. At 4, 8, 12, and 16 wk of the dietary intervention, oral glucose tolerance test and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) measurements were taken to assess whole-body glucose tolerance and hepatic insulin resistance, respectively.

Cardiac Tamponade as an Initial Manifestation of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma One Year after IgG4-related Disease in Remission.

A 65-year-old man with multiple lymphadenopathies was diagnosed with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) based on findings of a cervical lymph node biopsy and an elevated serum IgG4 level. Treatment was initiated after the onset of autoimmune pancreatitis, and he achieved remission. He developed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma one year later.

Resection of tracheal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma by bronchoscopic high-frequency electrosurgical snare: Case report.

There is no standard method of bronchoscopic local therapy for tracheal tumours. We herein present a case involving a 61-year-old woman who was diagnosed with tracheal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and underwent resection by a bronchoscopic high-frequency electrosurgical snare. Few reports to date have described such use of high-frequency electrosurgical snares; however, they are effective for the treatment of tracheal tumours, especially pedunculated tumours.

Efficacy and safety of surgical energy devices for axillary node dissection: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Various surgical energy devices are used for axillary lymph-node dissection. However, those that reduce seroma during axillary lymph-node dissection are unknown. We aimed to determine the best surgical energy device for reducing seroma by performing a network meta-analysis to synthesize the current evidence on the effectiveness of surgical energy devices for axillary node dissection for breast cancer patients.

Age- and sex-stratified normal values for circulatory and ventilatory power during ramp exercise derived from a healthy Japanese population.

Circulatory power (CP) and ventilatory power (VP), obtained by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX), have been suggested to be excellent prognostic markers for heart failure. However, the normal values of these parameters in healthy Japanese populations remain unknown; thus, we aimed to investigate these values in such a population. A total of 391 healthy Japanese participants, 20-78 years of age, underwent CPX with a cycle ergometer with ramp protocols.

Effects of Pawpaw (Asimina triloba) Seed Extract on the Differentiation and Fat Accumulation of 3T3-L1 Cells under Different Glucose Conditions.

Asimina triloba (pawpaw) contains various bioactive alkaloids and acetogenins. In the present study, the effects of pawpaw seed extract (PSE) on adipocyte differentiation and fat accumulation were investigated in 3T3-L1 cells under different glucose conditions. Treatment of undifferentiated cells with 10 ng/mL PSE increased lactic acid production, suggesting enhanced anaerobic glycolysis.

Mitochondrial Transfer into Human Oocytes Improved Embryo Quality and Clinical Outcomes in Recurrent Pregnancy Failure Cases.

One of the most critical issues to be solved in reproductive medicine is the treatment of patients with multiple failures of assisted reproductive treatment caused by low-quality embryos. This study investigated whether mitochondrial transfer to human oocytes improves embryo quality and provides subsequent acceptable clinical results and normality to children born due to the use of this technology. We transferred autologous mitochondria extracted from oogonia stem cells to mature oocytes with sperm at the time of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in 52 patients with recurrent failures (average 5.