Large language models in periodontology: Assessing their performance in clinically relevant questions.

Statement Of Problem: Although the use of artificial intelligence (AI) seems promising and may assist dentists in clinical practice, the consequences of inaccurate or even harmful responses are paramount. Research is required to examine whether large language models (LLMs) can be used in accessing periodontal content reliably.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the evidence-based potential of answers provided by 4 LLMs to common clinical questions in the field of periodontology.

DsRNA-based pesticides: Considerations for efficiency and risk assessment.

In view of the ongoing climate change and the ever-growing world population, novel agricultural solutions are required to ensure sustainable food supply. Microbials, natural substances, semiochemicals and double stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) are all considered potential low risk pesticides. DsRNAs function at the molecular level, targeting specific regions of specific genes of specific organisms, provided that they share a minimal sequence complementarity of approximately 20 nucleotides.

Elucidating the molecular healing of intrabony defects following non-surgical periodontal therapy: A pilot study.

Objective: To elucidate the molecular healing of intrabony defects following non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) using gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).

Background Data: Currently limited information is available regarding the GCF of intrabony defects and the change in biomarker levels in the GCF at early time points following treatment interventions.

Methods: Twenty-one patients (Periodontitis Stage III or IV) who have received NSPT, contributing one intrabony defect and one healthy site were included in this study.

Functional characterization of cytochrome P450s associated with pyrethroid resistance in the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae.

Resistance to pyrethroid insecticides has evolved in Bactrocera oleae populations in Greece, threatening the efficacy of control interventions based on this insecticide class. Here we report the collection of populations from Crete, with resistance levels reaching up to 132-folds, compared to susceptible laboratory strains and show that pyrethroid resistance is substantially suppressed by the PBO synergist, suggesting the involvement of detoxification enzymes. To identify specific candidate genes implicated in resistance, we performed comparative transcriptomic analysis, between the pyrethroid resistant populations from Crete and the susceptible laboratory strains, using both whole bodies and Malpighian tubules.

Local drug delivery in the treatment of furcation defects in periodontitis: a systematic review.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of subgingival administration of various antimicrobials and host-modulating agents in furcation defects as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) compared to SRP alone or combined with placebo.

Methods: A systematic review was carried out using MEDLINE-PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for articles up to October 2022 in addition to hand searches. All longitudinal studies that evaluated the effect of subgingival application of antimicrobial and host-modulating agents in furcation defects as adjuncts to SRP compared to SRP alone or SRP + placebo with at least 3 months of follow-up were eligible for inclusion.

Expression of Wnt signaling agonists and antagonists in periodontitis and healthy subjects, before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment: A systematic review.

Periodontitis is a preventable and treatable multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease that can lead to irreversible periodontal destruction and tooth loss. Wnt signaling and its regulators play an important role in periodontal inflammation, destruction, regeneration, and reconstruction. This systematic review aimed at investigating the involvement of Wnt signaling agonists and antagonists in periodontitis and healthy subjects, before and after periodontal treatment.

Dynamic interactions between the symbiont Candidatus Erwinia dacicola and its olive fruit fly host Bactrocera oleae.

The olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, the most serious pest of olives, requires the endosymbiotic bacterium Candidatus Erwinia dacicola in order to complete its development in unripe green olives. Hence, a better understanding of the symbiosis of Ca. E.

Characterization of a novel pesticide transporter and P-glycoprotein orthologues in .

Pesticides remain one of the most effective ways of controlling agricultural and public health insects, but much is still unknown regarding how these compounds reach their targets. Specifically, the role of ABC transporters in pesticide absorption and excretion is poorly understood, especially compared to the detailed knowledge about mammalian systems. Here, we present a comprehensive characterization of pesticide transporters in the model insect .

Postextraction ridge preservation by using dense PTFE membranes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Statement Of Problem: The use of dense polytetrafluoroethylene (dPTFE) membranes in alveolar ridge preservation may help reduce the risk of bacterial contamination and infection, maintaining the soft-tissue anatomy. However, systematic reviews on their efficacy in postextraction sites are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of alveolar ridge preservation with dPTFE membranes when used alone or in combination with bone grafting materials in postextraction sites.

Molecular profiling of intrabony defects' gingival crevicular fluid.

Aim: To profile, for the first time, the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of intrabony defects against a wide array of inflammatory and regenerative markers.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one patients contributed one intrabony defect and one periodontally healthy site. Clinical and radiographic measures were obtained.

The Effects of Photosensitizing Dyes Fagopyrin and Hypericin on Planktonic Growth and Multicellular Life in Budding Yeast.

Naphthodianthrones such as fagopyrin and hypericin found mainly in buckwheat ( spp.) and St. John's wort (SJW) ( L.

Stably inherited transfer of the bacterial symbiont Erwinia dacicola from wild olive fruit flies to a laboratory strain.

The olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, the most serious pest of olives, requires the endosymbiotic bacteria Candidatus Erwinia dacicola in order to complete its development in unripe green olives. Hence a better understanding of the symbiosis of Ca. E.

Expression of inflammatory biomarkers and growth factors in gingival crevicular fluid at different healing intervals following non-surgical periodontal treatment: A systematic review.

Background: Non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) is widely employed for the treatment of periodontal disease and yields significant clinical improvements. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) can be used to profile health and disease, and recent technological advances, such as multiplex bead immunoassays, are promising in identifying a wider array of GCF factors with the ultimate aim to predict the treatment response.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to compare the expression of GCF markers using multiplex bead immunoassays before treatment and during early, average, or late healing period, following non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT).

Efficient genome editing in the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae.

The olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, causes great damage to the quality and quantity of olive production worldwide. Pest management approaches have proved difficult for a variety of reasons, a fact that has brought about a need for alternative tools and approaches. Here we report for the first time in B.

Regenerative surgery versus access flap for the treatment of intra-bony periodontal defects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The aim of this systematic review was to compare clinical, radiographic and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) in intra-bony defects treated with regenerative surgery or access flap.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review protocol was written following the PRISMA checklist. Electronic and hand searches were performed to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on regenerative treatment of deep intra-bony defects (≥3 mm) with a follow-up of at least 12 months.

Expression of gingival crevicular fluid markers during early and late healing of intrabony defects after surgical treatment: a systematic review.

Background: Surgical treatments such as guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and access flap surgery are widely employed for the treatment of intrabony defects. However, little is known regarding the postoperative expression of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) markers.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to compare the expression of GCF markers following treatment of periodontal intrabony defects with guided tissue regeneration or access surgery.

Minimally invasive non-surgical vs. surgical approach for periodontal intrabony defects: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Periodontal intrabony defects are usually treated surgically with the aim of increasing attachment and bone levels and reducing risk of progression. However, recent studies have suggested that a minimally invasive non-surgical therapy (MINST) leads to considerable clinical and radiographic defect depth reductions in intrabony defects. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of a modified MINST approach with a surgical approach (modified minimally invasive surgical therapy, M-MIST) for the treatment of intrabony defects.

Mosquitoes cloak their legs to resist insecticides.

Malaria incidence has halved since the year 2000, with 80% of the reduction attributable to the use of insecticides. However, insecticide resistance is now widespread, is rapidly increasing in spectrum and intensity across Africa, and may be contributing to the increase of malaria incidence in 2018. The role of detoxification enzymes and target site mutations has been documented in the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae; however, the emergence of striking resistant phenotypes suggests the occurrence of additional mechanisms.

Empirical or microbiologically guided systemic antimicrobials as adjuncts to non-surgical periodontal therapy? A systematic review.

Background: It is unclear whether patients with specific subgingival microbiological profiles benefit more from adjunctive systemic antibiotics.

Aims: To answer the question: "What is the clinical benefit in periodontitis patients taking adjunctive systemic antimicrobials to non-surgical therapy, depending on pre-treatment detection of periodontopathogenic bacteria?"

Materials And Methods: A search was conducted in four electronic databases for randomized controlled trials reporting clinical outcomes following adjunctive antibiotic therapy for patients divided by baseline microbiological profiles.

Results: The initial search resulted in 643 papers, reduced to five after screening and author contact.

Peptide coatings enhance keratinocyte attachment towards improving the peri-implant mucosal seal.

There is a critical need for preventing peri-implantitis as its prevalence has increased and dental implants lack features to prevent it. Research strategies to prevent peri-implantitis have focused on modifying dental implants to incorporate different antimicrobial agents. An alternative strategy consists of barring the expansion of the biofilm subgingivally by forming a long-lasting permucosal seal between the soft tissue and the implant surface.

Implant and root canal treatment: Survival rates and factors associated with treatment outcome.

Objectives: To assess and compare the survival rates of implant and root canal treatment as well as to investigate the effect of patient and tooth related variables on the treatment outcome in a large-scale population-based study.

Methods: Dental records of patients who received root canal treatment and implant therapy were retrieved from the electronic records of the University of Minnesota School of Dentistry. Demographic characteristics, dental insurance status, socioeconomic status as well as medical history and tobacco use were recorded.

Quantification of facial and smile esthetics.

Statement Of Problem: Whether deviations in alignment discrepancy, width-to-length ratio, application of the golden proportion, or number of teeth revealed in smile affect attractiveness is yet unknown.

Purpose: The purpose of this analytical study was to quantify dental and facial esthetics to determine whether individuals identified as having superior smiles display differences in alignment discrepancies (angulation between interpupillary and commissure line); width-to-length ratios of maxillary anterior teeth; application of the golden proportion (approximately 1.618:1); and number of teeth revealed in an animated smile when compared with an average population.

Systematic review of cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth and genetic predisposition.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to investigate the influence of gene polymorphisms on the development of gingival overgrowth in renal transplant patients treated with cyclosporin A.

Method And Materials: Electronic and hand literature searches were conducted by two independent reviewers in MEDLINE-Pubmed, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, and SCOPUS Elsevier for prospective (case-control studies, cohort studies), cross-sectional, and retrospective studies published up to June 2016 (first week) in any language. Data were reviewed and extracted in duplicate independently.

Celebrity smile esthetics assessment: Smile angulation.

Statement Of Problem: Whether deviations in the angulation discrepancy between the intercanine and interpupillary line significantly affect attractiveness is unknown.

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective study was to quantify dental and facial esthetics to determine whether smile angulation discrepancies in individuals identified as having attractive smiles are smaller than those in the average population.

Material And Methods: An Internet search for "best smile" and "celebrity" identified 108 celebrities (Test group).