[Ocular hypotensive effect of alpha-adrenoceptor agonist and antagonist in the conscious pigmented rabbit].

It has been reported that some of the topically-used antiglaucomatics have a central ocular hypotensive effect. In this study, the influence of topical and intracerebroventricular (i.c.

Nutrient supply, nutrient demand and plant response to mycorrhizal infection.

One of the most dramatic effects of infection by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the physiology of the host plant is an increase in phosphorus absorption. When phosphorus is limiting, the maximum extent to which mycorrhizal infection can improve plant performance is thus predicted to be a function of the phosphorus deficit of the plant, the difference between phosphorus demand and phosphorus supply. Phosphorus demand is defined as the rate of phosphorus absorption that would result in optimum performance of the plant as measured by growth rate, reproduction or fitness.

Mycorrhizal fungi and the nutrient ecology of three oldfield annual plant species.

Three oldfield annual species (Abutilon theophrasti Medic., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Setaria lutescens (Weigel) Hubb.

Density-dependent response to mycorrhizal infection in Abutilon theophrasti Medic.

One purpose of this study was to determine whether an increase in plant density would result in a decrease in response to mycorrhizal infection (particularly as measured by phosphorus content). Increases in plant density generally result in increases in root density in the volume of soil occupied by the plants. Root density, in turn, largely determines phosphorus uptake.

Immunoelectron microscopic observation of cells in the rat retinal containing gamma-aminobutyric acid and catecholamine.

Interactions between gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)- and catecholamine (CA)-containing cells in the rat retina was revealed by a double-labeling immunocytochemical technique using the antisera to GABA- and CA-synthesizing enzymes, such as tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT). At the light microscopic level, GABA-, TH- and PMNT-immunoreactive (GABA-, TH- and PMNT-IR) amacrine cell bodies and their processes appeared in the inner nuclear layer and the inner plexiform layer, respectively. By electron microscopy observation, in the inner plexiform layer, GABA-, TH- or PMNT-IR amacrine cell processes were found making synaptic contacts with the axon terminals of immunonegative bipolar cells or with the processes of immunonegative amacrine cells.

Role of mycorrhizal infection in the growth and reproduction of wild vs. cultivated plants : II. Eight wild accessions and two cultivars ofLycopersicon esculentum Mill.

An experiment was conducted to determine whether wild accessions and cultivars ofLycopersicon esculentum Mill. differed in inherent morphological, physiological or phenological traits and whether such differences would result in variation in response to vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal infection. While distinctions between wild accessions and cultivars were apparent (the cultivars generally had higher phosphorus use efficiencies and shorter lifespans than the wild accessions) and the cultivars were, as a group, more responsive to mycorrhizal infection than the wild accessions, there was significant variation among wild accessions and among cultivars in response to infection.

Regulation of reproduction in wild and cultivatedLycopersicon esculentum Mill. by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal infection.

We examined how mycorrhizal infection byGlomus etunicatum Becker and Gerd. affected flowering phenology and components of reproduction in eight wild accessions and two cultivars ofLycopersicon esculentum Mill. We did this by performing a detailed demographic study of flower, fruit and seed production.

[Estimating the quality of life in childhood cancer survivors from parent questionnaires].

Multidisciplinary clinical research on childhood cancer has achieved a marked improvement in survival rate during the last two decades. Due to the increase of long-term survivors, the survey of quality of life (QOL) of cured children is essential. But methods to estimate QOL of children have not been established.

On host regulation of the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.

We investigated mycorrhizal infections caused by Glomus elunicalum Becker & Gerd. in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants given small concentrations of phosphate.

Role of mycorrhizal infection in the growth and reproduction of wild vs. cultivated plants : I. Wild vs. cultivated oats.

We tested the hypothesis that mycorrhizal infection benefits wild plants to a lesser extent than cultivated plants. This hypothesis stems from two observations: (1) mycorrhizal infection improves plant growth primarily by increasing nutrient uptake, and (2) wild plants often possess special adaptations to soil infertility which are less pronounced in modern cultivated plants. In the first experiment, wild (Avena fatua L.

Improvement in the treatment of childhood cancer: analysis of survival data from the National Children's Hospital (1965-1987).

Developments in the treatment of childhood cancer have been evaluated in patients who had been treated in the National Children's Hospital from 1965 to 1987. The total number of patients was 867, of which leukemia accounted for 376, malignant lymphoma 61, neuroblastoma 174, Wilms' tumor 55, yolk sac tumor 29, rhabdomyosarcoma 36 and hepatoblastoma 30. Patients were divided into three time intervals: the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s.

Ocular hypotensive effects of monoamine oxidase-A inhibitors in rabbit.

The effects of monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) inhibitors with epinephrine on intraocular pressure in the pigmented rabbit were studied. MAO-A inhibitors were used topically with or without various concentrations of epinephrine. For the measurement of intraocular pressure, applanation pneumatonography was used and tissue MAO activities were determined by radiometric assay.

Gopher mound soil reduces growth and affects ion uptake of two annual grassland species.

Portions of an annual serpentine grassland community in California are subject to frequent gopher mound formation. Consequently, studies were undertaken to characterize the effects of mound soils on plant growth and ion uptake. For two of the dominant annual species (Bromus mollis L.

Serial determination of serum neuron-specific enolase in patients with neuroblastoma and other pediatric tumors.

The importance of determination of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in patients with neuroblastoma has been emphasized by several authors. However, the specificity and sensitivity of NSE have not yet been well studied in tumors of infancy and childhood, nor is the role of serial determination of NSE in monitoring these patients fully understood. Concentrations of serum NSE were determined by a newly developed radioimmunoassay technique in 241 samples from 111 patients.

[Bone metastasis of malignant solid tumors in childhood].

A total of 452 cases of childhood malignant solid tumors were treated over the last twenty years at the National Children's Hospital. These included 175 cases of neuroblastoma, 64 cases of Wilms' tumor, 65 cases of malignant lymphoma, 45 cases of soft tissue sarcoma, 31 cases of hepatoma, 20 cases of malignant teratoma, 17 cases of testicular tumor, 7 cases of ovarian tumor and 28 cases of other forms of malignant solid tumor. Bone metastasis was observed in 62 of 175 cases of neuroblastoma, 3 of 64 cases of Wilms' tumor, one of 65 cases of malignant lymphoma, 4 of 45 cases of soft tissue sarcoma, one case of pulmonary blastoma and one case of osteogenic sarcoma, giving a total occurrence of bone metastasis in 72 of the 452 cases.

A clinicopathological study of histiocytosis X.

Thirty-five cases of histiocytosis X in the National Children's Hospital were clinicopathologically studied. Fourteen cases were categorized in diffuse histiocytosis X, Letterer-Siwe type (DHX), 19 cases in multifocal eosinophilic granuloma (MEG) and 2 cases in unifocal eosinophilic granuloma (UEG). Nine of 14 DHX died, of which 6 died of opportunistic infection due to hypoproteinemia and pancytopenia, and 3 died of pulmonary fibrosis probably due to histiocytic infiltration and resultant lymphedema.

Mass screening for neuroblastoma in infants in Japan. Interim report of a mass screening study group.

A mass screening system for the early detection by means of a vanillylmandelic acid test of neuroblastoma in 6-month-old infants in Japan has been developed in eight districts. 16 of the 281 939 infants screened by this test had neuroblastoma, equivalent to a very high incidence of 1 in 17 621. 15 of the 16 children with neuroblastoma are alive; the other child died 1 month after surgery.

Acute myeloid leukemia with preceding systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

A 10-year-old girl with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and autoimmune hemolytic anemia developed acute leukemia 10 months after the diagnosis of SLE. Leukemic cells had both the myeloid character, as shown by peroxidase activity, and T-cell surface antigen. The SLE-like syndrome as a paraneoplastic syndrome is discussed.