Percent vital capacity predicts postoperative sarcopenia after esophagectomy in initially nonsarcopenic esophageal cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: The development of sarcopenia after esophagectomy is reported to affect the outcomes of patients with esophageal cancer (EC); however, the characteristics of patients likely to be predisposed to postoperative sarcopenia have not been defined. This study explores the associations between preoperative respiratory function and surgery-induced sarcopenia in EC patients confirmed as nonsarcopenic preoperatively.

Methods: The subjects of this retrospective review were 128 nonsarcopenic patients who underwent esophagectomy for EC.

Low pretherapy skeletal muscle mass index is associated with an increased risk of febrile neutropenia in patients with esophageal cancer receiving docetaxel + cisplatin + 5-fluorouracil (DCF) therapy.

Purpose: Docetaxel + cisplatin + 5-fluorouracil (DCF) therapy, a frequently prescribed regimen for esophageal cancer, is associated with a high risk of febrile neutropenia (FN). This study investigated whether a low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) is an independent risk factor for FN.

Methods: This retrospective, observational study investigated the SMI of patients with esophageal cancer who received DCF therapy between March 2018 and July 2020.

Liver retraction using an L-shaped retractor during sleeve gastrectomy.

Purpose: The Nathanson liver retractor (NLR) and the snake liver retractor (SLR) are commonly used in bariatric surgery and their use is associated with some disadvantages. We developed an L-shaped liver retractor (LLR) and herein evaluated its efficacy and safety.

Methods: The present retrospective study enrolled patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy in our department between June 2014 and December 2020.

The type of gastrectomy affects skeletal muscle loss and the long-term outcomes of elderly patients with gastric cancer: a retrospective study using computed tomography images.

Purpose: Sarcopenia is common in elderly gastrectomized patients and a known risk factor for postoperative complications and poor overall survival. However, the long-term outcomes of skeletal muscle loss after gastrectomy and the differences in outcomes of different gastrectomy procedures remain unclear.

Methods: The subjects of this retrospective study were 136 patients who underwent various gastrectomy procedures for early gastric cancer, namely: total gastrectomy (TG; n = 20), proximal gastrectomy (PG; n = 16), distal gastrectomy (DG; n = 60), and pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG; n = 40).

A case of late postoperative intra-abdominal hemorrhage developing 13 months after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

A 29-year-old male patient underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) for morbid obesity and was discharged without any complications. Thirteen months later, he visited the emergency room with epigastric pain. A few hours before onset, he had had a larger-than-usual meal and vomited afterwards.

A case of disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow from gastric cancer developing rapidly after a gastrectomy.

Background: Disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow (DCBM) is often associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and a poor prognosis. Moreover, the timing of the diagnosis varies. We presented herein the first report of a case of DCBM from gastric cancer that developed rapidly after a gastrectomy.

One-by-One Comparison of Lymph Nodes Between 18F-FDG Uptake and Pathological Diagnosis in Esophageal Cancer.

Purpose: Esophagectomy with extended lymph node (LN) dissection is a standard treatment for resectable esophageal cancer to prevent recurrence, but severe, potentially life-threatening postoperative complications are still important issues. Accurate diagnosis of LN metastases would enable the decision to dissect or leave the LNs in regions with high risk of complications. Advancements in intraoperative gamma probe and radioactivity detectors have made intraoperative navigation surgery possible using a radiotracer as a marker.

Preoperative Exercise Habits are Associated with Post-gastrectomy Complications.

Background: Sarcopenia is reportedly associated with postoperative complications of gastrectomy, which would presumably be affected by exercise habits aimed at maintaining muscle quantity and quality. However, the potential benefits of exercise habits have yet to be clarified.

Methods: We included 178 patients undergoing gastrectomy in this study.

Perioperative fluid dynamics evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis predict infectious surgical complications after esophagectomy.

Background: Transthoracic esophagectomy, among the most invasive surgeries, is highly associated with postoperative infectious complications which adversely affect postoperative management including fluid dynamics. The aim of the study is to evaluate the utility of perioperative bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measurements for the patients after transthoracic esophagectomy.

Method: Multi-frequency BIA measurements were conducted in 24 patients undergoing transthoracic esophagectomy preoperatively, at 1 h after surgery, and twice daily for the following 7 days.

Relationships among body composition, muscle strength, and sarcopenia in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Purpose: Relationships among body composition indices assessed by various modalities remain to be addressed in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), in whom being underweight is more strikingly prevalent than in those with other malignancies. We investigated the relationships of body composition parameters with the sarcopenia prevalence of ESCC patients.

Methods: In this prospective study, we analyzed preoperative data obtained from 75 ESCC patients undergoing esophagectomy.

A surgical case of radiotherapy induced esophageal perforation accompanying pyogenic spondylodiscitis: a case report.

Background: Stereotactic body radiotherapy has been a treatment choice for lung cancer, especially in medically inoperable patients. However, the acute and late toxicity to adjacent organs have been reported as an uncommon but severe adverse effect.

Case Presentation: A 65-year-old male was presented with his back pain and pyrexia.

The influence of carmustine wafer implantation on tumor bed cysts and peritumoral brain edema.

The development of perifocal edema and tumor bed cyst has been reported after implantation of biodegradable carmustine wafers for the treatment of malignant gliomas. We retrospectively evaluated these changes in a series of patients; 19 consecutive patients with malignant glioma who received carmustine wafer implantation at our hospital from January 2013 through July 2013, and 28 patients who underwent surgery prior to our institution's initiation of carmustine wafer implantation, as historical controls. The volume of the tumor bed cyst and perifocal edema was calculated on MRI acquired at four time points: ⩽72hours after surgery for baseline, and at 1-4, 5-8, and 9-12weeks after surgery.

Methionine Uptake and Required Radiation Dose to Control Glioblastoma.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively assess the feasibility of radiation therapy planning for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) based on the use of methionine (MET) positron emission tomography (PET), and the correlation among MET uptake, radiation dose, and tumor control.

Methods And Materials: Twenty-two patients with GBM who underwent MET-PET prior to radiation therapy were enrolled. MET uptake in 30 regions of interest (ROIs) from 22 GBMs, biologically effective doses (BEDs) for the ROIs and their ratios (MET uptake:BED) were compared in terms of whether the ROIs were controlled for >12 months.

Levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis during and early after craniotomy for brain tumours: a phase II prospective, randomised study.

Objective: Phenytoin (PHT) is routinely used for seizure prophylaxis in patients with brain tumours during and after craniotomy, despite incomplete evidence. We performed a prospective, randomised study to investigate the significance of prophylactic use of levetiracetam (LEV), in comparison with PHT, for patients with supratentorial tumours in the perioperative period.

Methods: Patients were randomised to receive LEV, 500 mg/body every 12 h until postoperative day 7, or PHT, 15-18 mg/kg fosphenytoin followed by 125 mg PHT every 12 h until postoperative day 7.

Frequency of brain metastases in non-small-cell lung cancer, and their association with epidermal growth factor receptor mutations.

Background: The brain is a frequent site of metastases from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We analyzed the frequency of brain metastases (BMs) from NSCLC in the era of magnetic resonance images, and evaluated the correlation between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and BMs among East Asian patients.

Methods: Frequency, number, and size of BMs, and survival of 1,127 NSCLC patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Epilepsy in patients with gliomas: incidence and control of seizures.

Brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE) is a unique condition that is distinct from primary epilepsy. The aim of this retrospective study was to clarify the epidemiology and results of treatment of BTRE in a single institution. From a database of 121 consecutive patients with supratentorial gliomas treated at Chiba Cancer Center from 2006-2012, the incidence and control of seizures before and after surgery were retrospectively evaluated.

Phase 2 trial of hypofractionated high-dose intensity modulated radiation therapy with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide for newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Purpose/objectives: To assess the effect and toxicity of hypofractionated high-dose intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) in 46 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).

Methods And Materials: All patients underwent postsurgical hypofractionated high-dose IMRT. Three layered planning target volumes (PTVs) were contoured.

[Multidisciplinary therapy for 3 patients with lymph node recurrence after curative gastrectomy].

We report multidisciplinary treatment of 3 patients with lymph node recurrence after curative gastrectomy. Case 1: A 71- year-old woman had a history of distal gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Para-aortic lymph node metastasis was observed 36 months after surgery.