CONUT score as a predictor for anamorelin efficacy in patients with cancer cachexia receiving chemotherapy.

Background: Anamorelin is expected to improve cancer cachexia by increasing lean body mass (LBM) due to increased appetite and protein synthesis. However, the effect of anamorelin on cancer cachexia in real-world practice is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anamorelin and to identify predictors of efficacy on treatment with anamorelin.

Prognostic impact of severe neutropenia in colorectal cancer patients treated with TAS-102 and bevacizumab, addressing immortal-time bias.

Background: Several studies have reported an association between severe neutropenia and long-term survival in patients treated with trifluridine-tipiracil (TAS-102). Because some of these studies failed to address immortality time bias, however, their findings should be interpreted with caution. Additionally, the association between severe neutropenia and survival in patients receiving TAS-102 in combination with bevacizumab (Bmab) remains unclear.

Efficacy and safety of 5HT3RA, DEX, and NK1RA for the prevention of FOLFIRINOX-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with pancreatic cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Modified FOLFIRINOX (mFFX), a standard chemotherapy regimen for advanced pancreatic cancer (APC), is expected to be associated with a higher risk of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Herein, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a three-drug combination of 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonists (5HT3RA), dexamethasone (DEX), and neurokinin 1 receptor antagonists (NK1RA) for the prevention of CINV during mFFX therapy.

Methods: This study enrolled patients with APC who received mFFX as initial therapy with a combination of 5HT3RA, DEX, and NK1RA as antiemetic prophylaxis.

Emetogenicity and Risk Factors of Nausea and Vomiting in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Receiving Trifluridine/Tipiracil and Bevacizumab Chemotherapy.

Background/aim: Although combination chemotherapy with trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) and bevacizumab (BEV) is highly effective for metastatic unresectable colorectal cancer (mCRC), this combination chemotherapy often induces nausea and vomiting. To identify risk factors for nausea and vomiting, we investigated the occurrence of nausea and vomiting in mCRC patients treated with TAS-102 and BEV.

Patients And Methods: Study patients with mCRC received TAS-102 and BEV between March 2016 and December 2021.

Impact of First-Line FOLFIRINOX-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy on the Efficacy of Second-Line GnP in Patients with Unresectable Advanced Pancreatic Cancer.

Unlabelled: Modified FOLFIRINOX (mFFX) and Gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GnP) are effective first-line chemotherapies for unresectable advanced pancreatic cancer (APC); however, both lead to peripheral neuropathy (PN).

Aims: To evaluate the impact of first-line mFFX-induced PN on the efficacy of second-line GnP in patients with APC.

Methods: A database containing patients with APC was retrospectively analyzed to evaluate patients who received second-line GnP after first-line mFFX failure between September 2014 and January 2021.

Association Between Peripheral Neuropathy Induced by Oxaliplatin at First-line Chemotherapy and Efficacy of Paclitaxel at Second-line Chemotherapy in Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer.

Background/aim: Although peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a common adverse event in patients treated with oxaliplatin as first-line chemotherapy (1st-OX) for advanced gastric cancer, the effect of PN on the efficacy of paclitaxel at second-line chemotherapy (2nd-PTX) remains unclear. We investigated the association between PN induced by 1st-OX and efficacy of 2nd-PTX in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC).

Patients And Methods: The study subjects were patients with AGC who received 1st-OX followed by 2nd-PTX at Gifu University Hospital between January 2015 and December 2019.

Pharmaceutical intervention for adverse events improves quality of life in patients with cancer undergoing outpatient chemotherapy.

Background: The effect of pharmaceutical intervention to treat adverse events on quality of life (QOL) in outpatients receiving cancer chemotherapy is unclear. We investigated whether pharmaceutical intervention provided by pharmacists in collaboration with physicians improves QOL with outpatient cancer chemotherapy.

Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective descriptive study of pharmaceutical intervention for patients receiving outpatient cancer chemotherapy at Gifu University Hospital between September 2017 and July 2020.

Anorexia, pain and peripheral neuropathy are associated with a decrease in quality of life in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer receiving outpatient chemotherapy - a retrospective observational study.

Background: Cancer chemotherapy usually improves clinical outcomes in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (APC), but can also cause moderate-to-severe adverse events (AEs). We investigated the relationship between moderate-to-severe AEs and quality of life (QOL) in patients with APC who received outpatient chemotherapy.

Methods: We recruited APC patients who received outpatient chemotherapy in Gifu University Hospital between September 2017 and December 2018.

Comparison of Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting Between Gemcitabine Plus Nab-paclitaxel Combination Chemotherapy and Gemcitabine Monotherapy in Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer.

Background/aim: To clarify the risk of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) with GnP therapy, gemcitabine (GEM) plus nab-paclitaxel (nab-PTX), we compared CINV between GEM and GnP therapy.

Patients And Methods: Patients who had received an initial course of GEM and GnP therapy were enrolled. Primary endpoint was the incidence of nausea, and secondary endpoints were the incidence of vomiting and rescue.

Polaprezinc for prevention of oral mucositis in patients receiving chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A multi-institutional randomized controlled trial.

Oral mucositis is a common and distressing complication in patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We reported previously in a single-center retrospective analysis that zinc-L-carnosine (polaprezinc [PZ]) reduced the incidence of oral mucositis associated with HSCT. To verify the accuracy of the prophylactic effect of PZ against oral mucositis, we carried out a multi-institutional prospective randomized controlled study.

Comparison of breakthrough Gram-positive cocci infection during vancomycin vs teicoplanin therapy in patients receiving haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

What Is Known And Objective: Our previous report indicated that teicoplanin (TEIC) caused fewer adverse effects than vancomycin (VCM) in patients with febrile neutropenia (FN) receiving haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, we observed breakthrough methicillin-resistant-Staphylococcus haemolyticus (MR-S haemolyticus) infection during TEIC therapy in these patients. In this study, we sought to compare the incidence of breakthrough Gram-positive cocci (GPC) infection during VCM and TEIC therapy in this population.

Real-world data of the association between quality of life using the EuroQol 5 Dimension 5 Level utility value and adverse events for outpatient cancer chemotherapy.

Background: Outpatient cancer chemotherapy may lead to improved quality of life (QOL) by allowing treatment to continue without impairing the social lives of patients compared with hospitalization. However, the occurrence of serious adverse events may cause a decline in QOL. We investigated the relationship between outpatient chemotherapy-induced adverse events and QOL.

Comparative efficacy and safety of vancomycin versus teicoplanin in febrile neutropenic patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

What Is Known And Objective: Patients who receive hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are usually administered a calcineurin inhibitor. Because vancomycin is associated with an increased incidence of nephrotoxicity, neutropenic patients receiving HSCT are considered a high-risk population for nephrotoxicity with vancomycin. We retrospectively compared the efficacy and safety of vancomycin and teicoplanin in febrile neutropenic patients receiving HSCT.

High total bilirubin level is a significant risk factor for severe neutropenia in patients receiving irinotecan-based chemotherapy.

Irinotecan is effective for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and advanced pancreatic cancer (aPC). However, these treatments are often limited due to the incidence of severe neutropenia. We identified risk factors for severe neutropenia in patients with mCRC or aPC, receiving irinotecan-based chemotherapy regimens.

Severe Neutropenia is Associated with Better Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Who Receive Modified FOLFIRINOX Therapy.

While modified FOLFIRINOX therapy is effective for treating advanced pancreatic cancer, it frequently causes severe neutropenia. The present study investigated the effect of severe neutropenia on clinical outcomes in advanced pancreatic cancer patients who received modified FOLFIRINOX. The study subjects were 51 patients (30 males and 21 females) with advanced pancreatic cancer who received modified FOLFIRINOX (2h bolus injection of oxaliplatin at 85 mg/m², 2 h bolus injection of L-leucovorin at 200 mg/m², 90min bolus injection of irinotecan at 150 mg/m², followed by continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil for 46 h at 2400 mg/m² without bolus 5-fluorouracil) during the period from January 2014 to May 2018.

Gastrointestinal bleeding associated with chronic excessive use overdosing with topical ketoprofen patch in elderly patient.

Purpose: Topical ketoprofen patch has been developed to reduce the risk of systemic adverse effects such as gastrointestinal injury and renal toxicity.

Materials And Methods: We reported here a case of lower intestinal bleeding associated with chronic excessive use of topical ketoprofen patch in an elderly patient.

Results: A 74-year-old female visited to the outpatient clinic of the Gifu University Hospital and admitted thereafter.

Control of Constipation in Patients Receiving CHOP or CHOP-Like Chemotherapy Regimens for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

Management of constipation in patients receiving cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP) or CHOP-like chemotherapy regimens is important for prevention of paralytic ileus. We reported earlier that the laxative action of magnesium oxide is reversed by the concomitant use of antacids in cancer patients receiving opioid analgesics. Here, we assessed the prevalence of prophylactic laxative medication for the control of constipation in patients receiving CHOP or CHOP-like regimens for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.