Rapid Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke Using a Computed Tomography-Based Reperfusion Protocol: The Reality of a Local Community Hospital with Limited Resources.

Objective: In patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), prognosis strongly depends on the onset-to-recanalization time. The Ishinomaki protocol for rapid recanalization has been used since October 2017. This protocol determines the indication for reperfusion therapy based on computed tomography (CT)/three-dimensional CT angiography (3DCTA) findings and intends to reduce the onset-to-recanalization time.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: an immunopathological study.

Conformation-sensitive antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are detectable in patients with optic neuritis, myelitis, opticomyelitis, acute or multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM/MDEM) and brainstem/cerebral cortical encephalitis, but are rarely detected in patients with prototypic multiple sclerosis. So far, there has been no systematic study on the pathological relationship between demyelinating lesions and cellular/humoral immunity in MOG antibody-associated disease. Furthermore, it is unclear whether the pathomechanisms of MOG antibody-mediated demyelination are similar to the demyelination patterns of multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) with AQP4 antibody, or ADEM.

Feasibility and limitations of the round robin test for assessment of in vitro chondrogenesis evaluation protocol in a tissue-engineered medical product.

Tissue-engineered medical products (TEMPs) should be evaluated before implantation. Therefore, it is indispensable to establish evaluation protocols in regenerative medicine. Whether or not such evaluation protocols are reasonable is generally verified through a 'round robin' test.

Periodic episodes of aphasia as an unusual manifestation of partial status epilepticus.

Recurrent episodes of aphasia due to partial status epilepticus is an uncommon clinical entity. We report here a 78-year-old-woman with episodic aphasia which occurred periodically. During the ictal period, she was conscious, but had difficulty in speech and could not comprehend verbal commands.

CSF-chemokines in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy: CXCL10 up-regulation and therapeutic effect of interferon-alpha.

We measured four chemokines in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) with ELISA. CXCL10/IP-10, a T cell type 1 (Th1)-associated chemokine, was significantly elevated in HAM/TSP compared with controls, and the values were even significantly higher in HAM/TSP than in multiple sclerosis (MS) in which CXCL10/IP-10 up-regulation was previously reported. Among Th2-associated chemokines, CCL17/TARC and CCL11/Eotaxin in HAM/TSP were not different from those in controls.

Chemokine profile in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.

We analyzed the concentrations of four chemokines in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and sera in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH), an autoimmune uveomeningitis syndrome against melanocyte-associated proteins, with ELISA. CSF-CXCL10/IP-10 and CSF-CCL17/TARC were significantly elevated in VKH than in controls. In the majority of VKH cases and controls, CSF-CXCL10 was higher than serum-CXCL10, and CSF-CCL17 was lower than serum-CCL17.

CSF chemokine levels in relapsing neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis.

The pathogenesis of relapsing neuromyelitis optica (RNMO) remains unknown. We, for the first time, studied the levels of four chemokines in the cerebrospinal fluid in RNMO with ELISA and compared the data with those in multiple sclerosis (MS) and control. CXCL10/IP-10 and CCL17/TARC were significantly elevated in both RNMO and MS.

Familial inclusion body myositis: a report on two Japanese sisters.

Familial occurrence of inclusion body myositis is extremely rare, and only a few cases in Western countries have been reported. In these reports, a strong association of this disease with DR3 (DRB1*0301/0302) and the efficacy of immunosuppressants suggested that an immune pathomechanism is involved in the disease. We, for the first time, report two Japanese sisters who suffered myopathy clinicopathologically similar to inclusion body myositis.

[A young woman with pseudomigraine with CSF pleocytosis].

Migraine is usually not associated with CSF pleocytosis. However, patients with migraine-like severe headache who showed temporary neurological deficits and pleocytosis have recently been accumulated in the literature. Here we report a 20-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital because of aphasia and right hemiparesis with severe throbbing headache in the left on 15 February, 2001.