Rapid neonatal weight gain increases risk of childhood overweight in offspring of diabetic mothers.

Aim: Increased neonatal weight gain has been suggested as risk factor for later overweight. Offspring of diabetic mothers (ODM) have a long-term increased overweight risk. However, the role of early postnatal weight gain for later overweight has not been addressed so far in ODM.

Impact of breast-feeding on psychomotor and neuropsychological development in children of diabetic mothers: role of the late neonatal period.

Aim: Previous data from our Kaulsdorf Cohort Study (KCS) suggest that early neonatal ingestion (1st week) of breast milk from diabetic mothers (diabetic breast milk, DBM) may increase the risk of being overweight and delay speech development in offspring of diabetic mothers (ODM). Late neonatal DBM ingestion (2nd-4th week), however, not independently influenced the risk of overweight. We investigated whether late neonatal DBM ingestion might independently influence neuro-development.

Long-term impact of breast-feeding on body weight and glucose tolerance in children of diabetic mothers: role of the late neonatal period and early infancy.

Objective: Offspring of diabetic mothers (ODM) are at increased risk of developing overweight and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Recently, we observed that early neonatal ingestion of breast milk from diabetic mothers (DBM) may dose-dependently increase the risk of overweight in childhood. Here, we investigate whether DBM intake during the late neonatal period and early infancy also influences later adipogenic and diabetogenic risk in ODM.

Impact of early neonatal breast-feeding on psychomotor and neuropsychological development in children of diabetic mothers.

Objective: In general, breast-feeding positively influences development of psychomotor function and cognition in children. Offspring of diabetic mothers (ODM) have delayed psychomotor and cognitive development. Recently, we observed a dose-dependent negative effect of early neonatal ingestion of breast milk from diabetic mothers (diabetic breast milk [DBM]) on the risk of overweight during early childhood.

Long-term impact of neonatal breast-feeding on body weight and glucose tolerance in children of diabetic mothers.

Objective: Offspring born to women with pregnancies complicated by diabetes are at increased childhood risk of developing obesity and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). In population-based studies, breast-feeding has been shown to be protective against obesity and diabetes later in life. To date, the role of breast-feeding on offspring of diabetic mothers (ODM) has not been investigated in this context.

Perinatal 'programming' of insulin resistance in childhood: critical impact of neonatal insulin and low birth weight in a risk population.

Aim: Low birth weight may predispose to later insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia, but the pathophysiological mechanisms are unclear. The perinatal endocrine situation may play an important role, but has been little studied. Children of mothers with diabetes during pregnancy are an important risk population for later insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia.

Maternal and paternal family history of diabetes in women with gestational diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type I.

Animal studies have shown that prenatal exposure to a diabetic intrauterine milieu leads to an increased risk in the female offspring of developing gestational diabetes (GD). In the present study, the family history of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type II (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type I (IDDM) was evaluated in 106 women with GD, as compared to 189 women with IDDM. In GD patients, the prevalence of diabetes was significantly greater in mothers than in fathers (p = 0.

Glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in children of mothers with pregestational IDDM or gestational diabetes.

The offspring of mother's with diabetes mellitus during pregnancy are presumed to develop altered glucose homeostasis. We analysed metabolic parameters at birth and glucose tolerance and insulin secretion during oral glucose tolerance tests at 1-9 years of age in 129 children born to mothers with pregestational insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 69 infants of gestational diabetic mothers. Newborns of IDDM mothers displayed higher insulin (p < 0.

Overweight and obesity in infants of mothers with long-term insulin-dependent diabetes or gestational diabetes.

Objectives: To analyse the development of body weight and frequencies of overweight and obesity in infants of long-term insulin-dependent diabetic mothers as compared to those of gestational diabetic mothers.

Design: Retrospective study.

Subjects: Two hundred infants of mothers with pregestational insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDM) and 117 infants of gestational diabetic mothers (IGDM) born between 1980 and 1990 at the Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Berlin-Kaulsdorf, Germany.

Perinatal hyperinsulinism and perinatal obesity as risk factors for hyperinsulinaemia in later life.

In the offspring of gestational or long-term diabetic mothers the following findings were obtained: (1) Immunoreactive plasma insulin levels on the first day of life were weakly correlated to the thickness of the skin-fold at the neck on the third day of life (n = 82; r = 0.27; P less than 0.05).

Is there a relationship between metabolic control and glucose concentration in breast milk of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic mothers?

We studied glucose concentration of breast milk of nursing diabetic mothers and its possible relationship to the quality of metabolic control. Eleven Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic mothers and 11 age-matched control subjects were included in the study. Although a near-normoglycemic control of diabetic mothers was accomplished by intensified insulin treatment, the HbA1 value was significantly higher in comparison to non-diabetic mothers (8.

[Congenital type I diabetes].

This is a case report about a connatal type I diabetes in a offspring of a diabetic mother. In series of 904 deliveries of diabetic women we found one case of connatal insulin-dependent diabetes. Insulin treatment has been necessary from the 7th day of life on.

Further evidence for a preventive therapy of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the offspring by avoiding maternal hyperglycaemia during pregnancy.

A highly significantly decreased prevalence of insulin-dependent childhood-onset diabetes (less than 1/3 of the initial prevalence rate) could be achieved in Berlin/GDR since 1973 by improving systematically diagnostic and therapeutic measures for pregnant diabetics, particularly for non-insulin-dependent gestational diabetics. In addition, a highly significantly increased incidence rate of diagnosed, diet-treated and delivered non-insulin-dependent pregnant diabetics was found between 1979 and 1983 in Berlin/GDR, Halle and Leipzig as compared to the other districts of the GDR. Simultaneously, a highly significantly decreased prevalence rate of diabetic children (less than 1/3), who were born during this period, was found in 1983 for Berlin, Halle and Leipzig as compared to the other districts of the GDR.

Facilitation of renal function by intermittent mandatory ventilation.

The effects of intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) and controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) on excretory function and the hemodynamics of the kidneys were studied in two groups of anaesthetized dogs during periods of 3 and 4 h. IMV was associated with statistically significant improved urinary output and renal plasma flow of approximately 50 and 35%, respectively. Graphical and statistical analysis revealed certain cross-over effects indicating that the beneficial effect of IMV was more pronounced if it was used following CMV.

[Cardiomegaly in heart rhythm disorder in a newborn infant with diabetic fetopathy].

Report on a newborn with diabetic fetopathia and a temporary 4 : 1 bloc probably due to abnormal storage of glycogen within the heart muscle cells within a visceromegaly. The symptoms disappeared after 12 hours, the visceromegaly (heart, liver) within 7 days. The suspicion of a vitium cordis congenitum could not be confirmed in the first two years of life in repeated examinations.

[Amino acid imbalance in the blood of pregnant diabetic women and their newborn infants--limit values for screening. II. Neonatal amino acid imbalance].

Free amino acids were studied in the blood of 50 newborns each of women with intact metabolism and of diabetic mothers. The tests were conducted immediately after delivery and on the fifth day of age. Amino acid imbalance reflected, after birth, in changed concentrations of glutamic acid-threonine, alanine and glycin-serine was recordable from newborns of the diabetic mothers.