Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor prophylaxis improves survival and inflammation in a two-hit model of hemorrhage and sepsis.

Objective: We evaluated the effects of a granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) prophylaxis in two clinically relevant situations, hemorrhage on the day before infection (e.g., trauma) and acute hemorrhage followed subsequently by infection (e.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor but not peritoneal lavage increases survival rate after experimental abdominal contamination and infection.

Background: The value of peritoneal lavage for intra-abdominal contamination and infection has never been proven scientifically. In contrast, the stimulation of host defence mechanisms with cytokines such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has appeared promising in recent clinical trials.

Methods: Clinic modelling randomized trials (CMRTs), which model the complexity of the clinical reality, were used in rats in which peritoneal contamination and infection (PCI) was produced with human stool bacteria.

[Entacapone for treatment of motor fluctuations in idiopathic Parkinson syndrome].

The treatment of idiopathic Parkinson's disease becomes rather difficult if levodopa-induced late complications such as motor fluctuations or dyskinesias occur. This prospective and open study shows that an add-on therapy with entacapone can significantly lower wearing-off and end-of-dose akinesia. This treatment is well tolerated and easy to perform.