Concurrent porcine rotaviral and transmissible gastroenteritis viral infections in a three-day-old conventional pig.

A 3-day-old suckling pig with diarrhea was necropsied, and immunofluorescent microscopic examination of the small intestinal mucosa, together with immune electron microscopic examination of the large intestinal contents, provided a presumptive diagnosis of a concurrent infection with transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) virus and porcine rotavirus. Immunofluorescent microscopic, immune electron microscopic, and serologic data obtained from gnotobiotic pigs experimentally inoculated with the large intestinal contents of the suckling pig confirmed this diagnosis. Two gnotobiotic pigs, convalescent from previous TGE viral infections, became infected with porcine rotavirus only.

Minimal brain dysfunction in preschool age--risk for trouble in school?

In general health examinations of 2,447 4-year-old children in a certain area of southern Sweden, comprising 95.1% of the total population of that age, 52 children (2.1%) were diagnosed as having minimal brain dysfunction.

[Echocardiographic observations in malfunctioning heart valves due to thrombosis (author's transl)].

The study includes two patients with obstruction of prosthetic heart valves by thrombosis. In the first patient, a thrombus attached to the ventricular side of the cage of a Smeloff-Cutter mitral prosthesis caused incomplete excursion of the ball in most cardiac cycles, which was detected by echocardiography. In the second patient a thrombosis of the atrial and ventricular side of a Lillehei-Kaster mitral prosthesis delayed opening of the disc.

Dosage monitoring through measurement of serum level--a task of clinical pharmacology.

Dosage monitoring or "pharmacokinetic therapy service", respectively, covers blood level governed therapy schedule or blood level controlled dosage for certain types of therapy. It is also advantageous in applying drugs of a small therapeutic range or in "risk" patients such as children, old men and patients suffering from elimination disturbances. With the blood level data known, physicians can follow an optimum therapy schedule.

Prognosis and possible presymptomatic manifestations of congestive cardiomyopathy (COCM).

In order to find evidence of prognosis and of presymptomatic manifestation of congestive cardiomyopathy (COCM) in fifty-eight patients, the extent of morphological changes of endomyocardial catheter biopsy (EMCB), clinical and haemodynamic data were correlated to the clinical course. In addition, clinical, haemodynamic, angiographic, morphological and His-bundle electrographic studies were performed in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB), normal left ventricular end-diastolic volume, and normal coronary arteries (n = 43). Related to a 10-year mortality rate of 70% from the onset of symptoms, COCM is one of the most severe heart diseases.

[Optimizing the therapeutic process in long-term antiepileptic therapy through the determination of drug levels in patients].

Serum levels of phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and ethosuximide were determined in about 2,000 subjects treated on an outpatient and inpatient basis, respectively. Therapeutical serum level ranges were obtained in about 50 percent of the patients. In the other patients, the values determined were either too low or too high.

Rotavirus as a cause of diarrhea in pigs.

A rotavirus (reovirus-like agent) was associated with diarrheal diseases occurring in 1- to 4-week-old suckling pigs in 8 herds and in weaned pigs in 2 herds. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus was also detected in 2 of these herds, as was enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in 5 herds. Morbidity was generally greater than 80% in pigs of the affected age group within these herds, and mortality from diarrhea ranged from 7 to 20%.

Pathogenesis of porcine rotaviral infection in experimentally inoculated gnotobiotic pigs.

Porcine rotavirus was shown to infect gnotobiotic pigs and induce an acute enteric disease clinically characterized by diarrhea, anorexia, depression, and occasional vomition. Onset of clinical signs correlated closely with the appearance of lesions within the small intestinal mucosa, and recovery from infection was associated with the regeneration of normal, functional villous epithelium. Villous atrophy, especially in the caudal two-thirds of the small intestine, was the consistent lesion observed in pigs with clinical signs of rotaviral infection.

Diabetic day. Setting goals for a child-directed ambulatory program.

The techniques of management by objective have been used to coordinate and evaluate the activities of a non-traditional program for the medical care and education of children with juvenile diabetes mellitus. "Diabetic Day" is an ambulatory child-directed clinic program in which health professionals work together to improve the child's ability to cope with diabetes.

Policy statement on materials for testing glucose in the urine. The Committee on Materials and Therapeutic Agents, American Diabetes Association.

Semiquantitative methods for measurement of glucose in the urine are useful for monitoring glucose homeostasis in subjects with diabetes mellitus where quantitative blood and urine glucose measurements are not available. The use of a "plus" scale for glucose measurement is confusing because the same plus values are assigned to different quantities of glucose with different methods. The two-drop Clinitest method is the most quantifiable and readable test for urine sugar, particularly if there is high sugar spill.

Pharmacological investigation on asclepin--a new cardenolide from Asclepias curassavica. Part II. Comparative studies on the inotropic and toxic effects of asclepin, g-strophantin, digoxin and digitoxin).

The cardiac effects of asclepin, a new glycoside from the plant Asclepias curassavica, were studies in vitro (isolated atrium and heart of guineapig) and in vivo (anaesthetized cat) and were compared with g-strophanthin, digoxin, digitoxin, or digitoxigenin, resp. Asclepin showed a marked positive inotropic effect as evidenced by the increase in the force of contraction, measured by (dp/dt)max and (formula: see text). It was found to be more active than the other glycosides.