The efficacy of halofantrine in the treatment of acute malaria in nonimmune travelers.

A multicenter prospective trial was performed to investigate the efficacy and the tolerability of halofantrine in nonimmune patients with malaria imported from areas with drug-resistant falciparum parasites (mainly Africa). Forty-five of the 74 subjects were treated with a one-day regimen (3 x 500 mg) of halofantrine, and the other 29 received the same regimen with an additional treatment on day 7. In the second group, a 100% efficacy rate was demonstrated, but in the group receiving the one-day regimen, four recrudescences were observed in patients with falciparum malaria.

[Significance of the ulcer vessel in acute ulcer hemorrhage--value of local endoscopic therapy in combination with endoscopic Doppler ultrasound].

The acute ulcer hemorrhage is one of the most frequent diagnoses in Gastroenterology. In addition to the active hemorrhage the visible ulcer vessel, even if not bleeding at present, is one of the most important prognostic criteria. Numerous controlled studies have shown that with this sign recurrent hemorrhages will occur in up to 81%, resulting in emergency surgery in up to 56% with an associated mortality of up to 21%.

[Ménétrier's disease--a rare cause of a protein deficiency syndrome].

Hypoproteinaemia (total proteins 5.2 g/dl) and hypoalbuminaemia (2.7 g/dl) were demonstrated in a 44-year-old woman with leg oedema during the previous four months and 10-kg weight gain during the previous year.

[Stomach wall abscess--endoscopic diagnosis and therapeutic possibilities].

This is a case report of a rare gastric wall abscess of a 70 year-old woman who came to hospital with non-characteristic pain in the upper abdomen. The diagnosis was made by endoscopy. After endosonography the patient was treated by endoscopic drainage, antibiotics and abstinence of food.

Effects of Weight Watchers' diet on salivary secretion rate, buffer effect and numbers of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli.

The aim of this investigation was to study how a change to the dietary regimen of the Weight Watchers' (WW) affected salivary secretion rate, buffer effect and number of cariogenic bacteria. Thirty-three women joining the WW were saliva sampled at the evening prior the day of the start of the dietary regimen and after 4 and 8 wk on the dietary regimen. No significant changes were found regarding saliva secretion rate and buffer effect.

Intraductal shock-wave lithotripsy in complicated common bile duct stones.

Intracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy was performed in 36 patients with problematic common bile duct stones. All of the patients had undergone unsuccessful mechanical lithotripsy prior to this procedure. In 29 patients (80.

Mutans streptococci, lactobacilli and caries prevalence in 15 to 16-year olds in Göteborg. Part II.

During the fall of 1987 one hundred and fifty-five 15 to 16-year-olds were examined with regard to caries prevalence, saliva secretion rate and salivary numbers of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli. In 15% of the subjects no mutans streptococci were detected, while 17.7% carried > 10(6) colony forming units (cfu) per ml saliva.

Dental caries in a group of 15 to 16-year-olds from Göteborg. Part I.

301 adolescents aged 15 to 16 years (158 girls and 143 boys) were examined for caries under standardized conditions during the fall and spring terms of 1987/88. Clinical examinations, performed by two calibrated examiners were supplemented with posterior bite-wing radiographs which were assessed by one of the examiners. The mean DFT and DFS scores (incipient lesions included) were 9.

[Atraumatic Clostridium septicum infection in granulocytopenia].

A fatal Clostridium septicum infection occurred in three patients. Case 1. A 55-year-old man died of septicaemia resulting from granulocytopenia of uncertain aetiology; it was associated with perforation of ileal mucosal ulcers.

Salivary levels of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in dentate 80- and 85-year-old Swedish men and women.

The number of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, and lactobacilli in whole stimulated saliva was examined in 130 dentate 80- and 85-yr-old persons. 88.5% were positive for mutans streptococci and 29% carried greater than 10(6) cfu per ml saliva.

[Importance of cardiocirculatory and pulmonary monitoring in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)].

Among the side effects of endoscopy, cardiopulmonary complications are particularly important. This risk appears to be greatest in endoscopic retrograde cholangio- and pancreaticography (ERCP) because of the patient's prone position, iv sedatives and analgetics and the relatively long duration of the examination. We studied 75 patients (50 patients without and 25 patients with premedication) who were to undergo ERCP and looked at these data: age, weight, premedication, accompanying diseases, reason for this examination, blood count, oxygen saturation SaO2 (pulse oximeter), pulse, blood pressure and length of the examination.

Upper GI-bleeding--value and consequences of emergency endoscopy and endoscopic treatment.

Emergency endoscopy permits the early detection and prognostic evaluation of a source of hemorrhage. It serves as a "baseline" for decision-taking with regard to subsequent therapeutic measures. Today, modern endoscopic hemostatic procedures provide us with effective means of achieving primary control of the bleeding.

The endoscopic Doppler: its value in evaluating gastroduodenal ulcers after hemorrhage and as an instrument of control of endoscopic injection therapy.

In this prospective study of 80 patients with active bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract a Doppler ultrasonographic investigation of the gastroduodenal ulcers was performed, in addition to immediate endoscopic examination. Admitted to this study were ulcers with the stigmata of acute bleeding, such as a visible blood vessel in the ulcer floor, a blood clot, or a black base and Forrest III lesions. In 52 patients Doppler ultrasonography was able to document unequivocally a superficial blood vessel.

[Diagnosis of rare causes of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding].

Possible errors in diagnosing rare sources of bleeding were analysed in 433 consecutive patients examined for upper gastrointestinal bleeding between May 1987 and June 1990. Rare lesions not necessarily recognizable as sources of bleeding were found in 14 patients (8 women and 6 men; mean age 66 [46-82] years). In 9 of the 14 the lesion was above the ligament of Treitz and thus accessible to routine esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

[Differential indications for peroral pancreaticoscopy].

Pancreatoscopy by the new mother-baby-endoscopy-system is an effective and safe diagnostic technique. Before the pancreatic duct can be entered by the pancreatoscope (diameter 3.2 mm), a sphincterotomy of the pancreatic sphincter must be performed.

[Miller-Dieker syndrome (type I lissencephaly) with specific EEG changes].

We present the case report of a girl with a subtype of Lissencephaly syndrome, type I, "Miller-Dieker syndrome", pointing out the specific EEG features in infancy and early childhood. The following pathognomonic EEG manifestations may confirm the diagnosis of an lissencephalic syndrome: abnormally fast background activity of an extraordinary high voltage increasing with age, missing topographic structuring, no reactivity to sleep or medication, unusually high-voltaged sharp-slow-wave complexes.

Intravenous magnesium supplementation during cisdiammine-dichloroplatinum administration prevents hypomagnesemia.

Ten patients with disseminated testicular cancer were studied during 3 cycles of 20 mg/m2/day x 5 d CDDP combined with bleomycin and vinblastine or etoposide. Five of the patients (= group A) received 0.4 mmol KCl/kg/day and 0.

Human strains of mutans streptococci show different cariogenic potential in the hamster model.

The cariogenic potential of fresh humans strains of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus was examined in hamsters maintained on a high sucrose diet. The strains 1B 16 (S. mutans) and B13 (S.

[Mucinous cystadenoma of the pancreas--exact endoscopic assessment with pancreoscopy].

Mucinous cystadenomas of the pancreas are rare tumors of the exocrine pancreas with a well-documented risk for malignant degeneration. We present 2 patients with this cystic pancreatic neoplasia who were admitted with signs of obstructive pancreatitis. The exact diagnosis was found preoperatively by a new endoscopic technique: mother-baby duodenoscopy.

[Pancreatitis-induced pseudocysts of the spleen: a rare complication].

Secondary splenic cysts usually occur following blunt abdominal trauma. In rare cases, the spleen can be affected in pancreatitis. Since the clinical findings are fairly uncharacteristic, this was a difficult diagnosis to make before imaging examination techniques became available.

[Hemosuccus pancreaticus following rupture of a hepatic artery aneurysm].

We describe the rare case of a hemosuccus pancreaticus as the cause of an upper gastrointestinal bleeding. A perforated common hepatic artery aneurysm caused a bleeding into the pancreas and the pancreatic duct. Besides the hepatic artery-aneurysm aneurysms of the coeliac trunc and the splenic artery were found.