Physical fitness and all-cause mortality in hypertensive men.

All-cause death rates in normotensive and hypertensive men were examined across physical fitness levels. Subjects were 10,224 healthy normotensive men and 1,832 men who reported a history of hypertension, but were otherwise healthy. Physical fitness was determined by maximal treadmill exercise testing.

Physical fitness effects on substance abuse risk factors and use patterns.

In this study, seventy-four adolescents in either a school, community or hospital based drug intervention program received and eight to nine week structured fitness activity class as an integrated element of their respective prevention or treatment program. Prepost assessments indicated significant gains in the field fitness tests of one mile run, 1 minute situp, 1 minute pushup, percent fat and flexibility for the total sample. Based upon prepost change on the one mile run time (less than 1:00) subjects were categorized as improvers (n = 38) and non-improvers (n = 36).

The relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and recruitment, retention, and health improvements in a worksite health promotion program.

Background: Recruitment, retention, and success in a worksite health promotion program was examined among various demographic groups of employees (n = 11,830) of the Dallas, Texas Independent School District.

Methods: Enrolled employees (n = 3,873) were given a health screen consisting of health habit assessment, measurement of clinical variables, physical fitness testing, and a medical examination.

Results: Thirty-three percent of employees were successfully recruited into the program.

Physiological responses to resistance-exercise in athletes self-administering anabolic steroids.

Endocrine and metabolic responses to resistance exercise were compared in 5 athletes self-administering (SL) anabolic steroids and 8 athletes (L) not using these compounds. Exercise consisted of 5 sets of 10 repetitions in the squat and quarter squat. Blood samples were collected before (pre) and immediately after (post) exercise, and following 30 minutes of recovery (post-30).

Exercise tolerance and alcohol intake. Blood pressure relation.

The relations of systolic and diastolic blood pressures to alcohol intake and exercise tolerance levels in 15,612 men and 3,855 women were investigated. Alcohol intake was assessed by questionnaire and stratified into seven levels for men and six for women according to the ounces of ethanol consumed per week. Exercise tolerance was determined by maximal treadmill exercise testing and was categorized into six age-specific by sex-specific levels.

Intake and food sources of dietary fat among schoolchildren in The Woodlands, Texas.

To investigate the nutrient intake and food use patterns among schoolchildren, diet was assessed among 138 children and adolescents in grades 5 through 12 using three random, nonconsecutive, 1-day food records. Mean intake of total fat, saturated fat, and polyunsaturated fat as percent of calories was 35.6%, 13.

An empirical evaluation of the ACSM guidelines for exercise testing.

The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) has published exercise guidelines identifying individuals who should have an exercise test prior to clearance for exercise participation and whether a physician should supervise the test. These age and health status criteria (apparently healthy, higher risk, and diseased) were developed using clinical judgement and opinion rather than empirical data. Thus, there is a need to validate the recommendations with actual data.

Effect of a high carbohydrate diet on core temperature during prolonged exercise.

This study compared the effects of a high-carbohydrate and a mixed diet on core temperature responses to prolonged exercise in six male competitive cyclists (age = 22.2 +/- 1.9 years).

Effect of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity on the ability of hypertensive patients to derive a cardiorespiratory training effect during chronic beta-blockade.

The effect of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA) on the ability of patients with high blood pressure (BP) to derive a cardiorespiratory training effect during long-term beta-blocker therapy was studied. Fifty sedentary hypertensive subjects were randomly assigned to propranolol (n = 23) or pindolol (n = 27) therapy for a 22 week double-blind parallel study. Over the first 2 weeks, during which subjects remained sedentary, drug doses were titrated to produce equipotent, clinically significant BP reductions.

[Contribution to cervical pregnancy].

It is reported on a rare case of cervical pregnancy as a dangerous form of ectopic pregnancy. Etiology of this case is described only hypothetically like in literature. Clinical diagnosis always is difficult and was made seldom prior to operation.

Physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective study of healthy men and women.

We studied physical fitness and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in 10,224 men and 3120 women who were given a preventive medical examination. Physical fitness was measured by a maximal treadmill exercise test. Average follow-up was slightly more than 8 years, for a total of 110,482 person-years of observation.

The safety of maximal exercise testing.

Previous reports on the safety of exercise testing have been based on surveys from different testing facilities with a variety of testing protocols and patient types. From 1971 through 1987, 71,914 maximal exercise tests conducted in a population with a low prevalence of known coronary heart disease under uniform conditions at a single medical facility resulted in six major cardiac complications including one death. No complications have occurred in the past 10 years in 45,000 maximal tests.

Effect of opioid antagonism on the ability to tolerate maximal anaerobic exercise.

The effect of naloxone-induced endogenous opioid antagonism on the ability to tolerate maximal anaerobic exercise was studied in 11 young men. Volume-matched infusions of placebo or naloxone 4 mg were administered in a randomised double-blind crossover trial before a 30-second maximal cycle ergometer test (Wingate test). Mechanical power output was calculated for each 5 seconds of cycling and expressed as peak power (highest output during any 5-second period), average power (average output during the 30 seconds of cycling) and power decline (difference between peak power and the lowest 5-second power output divided by time).

Plasma insulin and glucagon levels and leg measurements of lame turkeys.

As insulin is a regulator of cartilage and bone growth, plasma levels of pancreatic hormones were determined in 41 lame male turkeys with long bone distortion and 42 control toms without leg deformities. Blood samples were collected 3.5 h following the removal of feed and then 1 h after the return of feed.

Age, physical activity, physical fitness, body composition, and incidence of orthopedic problems.

The incidence of orthopedic problems was examined in 5,582 men and women who attended the Cooper Clinic in Dallas, Texas between 1974 and 1982. The effects of age, physical activity, physical fitness, and body mass index (BMI) on the occurrence of these problems were examined using a proportional hazards approach. The expected risk of orthopedic problems per person-year was 0.

The impact of previous athleticism on exercise habits, physical fitness, and coronary heart disease risk factors in middle-aged men.

A longitudinal study was performed to determine differences in physiologic variables, health behaviors, risk factors, or clinical status between former athletes (FA) (N = 345) and nonathletes (NA) (N = 75). The subjects, 420 self-referred white males aged 25-60 years old, were examined for prior athleticism and health. Athleticism was determined through self-reported high school or college athletic history.

Surrogate measures of physical activity and physical fitness. Evidence for sedentary traits of resting tachycardia, obesity, and low vital capacity.

Studies on physical activity, physical fitness, and health have been hampered because of invalid, unreliable, or impractical measures of physical activity. This report examines the validity of sedentary traits (resting tachycardia, obesity, and low vital capacity) as predictors of physical fitness as assessed by a maximal treadmill exercise test. Study participants were women (n = 3,943) and men (n = 15,627) with at least one visit to the Cooper Clinic in Dallas, Texas.

Structure, function, and degeneration of bovine hyaline cartilage: assessment with MR imaging in vitro.

The basic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging pattern of normal and degenerated hyaline articular cartilage was studied in vitro in 40 fresh bovine patellae. With the use of an ample spectrum of strongly T1- to T2-weighted sequences, two zones of cartilage with different signal intensities were observed in all specimens. A superficial cartilaginous layer in the MR image with higher water content and longer T1 and T2 correlated with the tangential and transitional zones of normal articular cartilage, whereas a second MR imaging zone with shorter T1 and T2 was identified in the depth of the articular cartilage.

Incidence and reasons for medical referral in a worksite health promotion program.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine incidence and reasons for medical referral as a result of screening performed in a worksite health promotion program. Screening consisted of a medical history questionnaire, blood lipid profile, a submaximal treadmill stress test to 85% of age-predicted maximal heart rate, and other fitness measures. Overall, 11.

Wolf Piezolith 2200 versus the modified Dornier HM3. Efficacy and range of indications.

From February to September 1987, a prospective study was performed at two clinics to compare the Piezolith and the Dornier HM3+ lithotripters. Based on the same clinical indications for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, 334 patients were treated with the Dornier HM3+ and 378 patients with the Piezolith. Whereas stone size was similar in both groups, more ureteral calculi were treated with the Dornier HM3+ (31.

Physical activity and cancer. An epidemiological perspective.

This article reviews the existing epidemiological evidence on the association between physical activity and cancer. Relatively little is known about the role that increased physical activity may have in protecting humans from malignancy. Herein, studies are reviewed on the basis of the type of physical activity exposure studied: occupational or leisure time.

A mail survey of physical activity habits as related to measured physical fitness.

The associations of self-reported measures of physical activity from a mail survey with an objective measure of physical fitness were investigated. Respondents to a health status survey (n = 12,225), conducted in 1982 by the Institute for Aerobics Research in Dallas, TX, formed the population. From this group, males who also had a clinical examination within 60 days of the return of their questionnaire served as subjects.