Pd MnGa Metamagnetic Shape Memory Alloy with Small Energy Loss.

Metamagnetic shape memory alloys (MMSMAs) are attractive functional materials owing to their unique properties such as magnetostrain, magnetoresistance, and the magnetocaloric effect caused by magnetic-field-induced transitions. However, the energy loss during the martensitic transformation, that is, the dissipation energy, E , is sometimes large for these alloys, which limits their applications. In this paper, a new Pd MnGa Heusler-type MMSMA with an extremely small E and hysteresis is reported.

Reduction of trans fatty acids in hydrogenated soybean oil using Ni/TiO catalysts.

The effects of the support on the catalytic performance of supported Ni catalysts for the hydrogenation of soybean oil were examined. The turnover frequency (TOF) for Ni/TiO was greater than those for other Ni catalysts. Among the examined Ni catalysts, the Ni/TiO catalysts were effective for the reduction of trans fatty acid (TFA) levels (minimum 10.

Preparation of Crystallites for Oriented Poly(Lactic Acid) Films Using a Casting Method under a Magnetic Field.

Poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) has biocompatibility and unique characteristics such as piezoelectric properties. This attracts attention not only in the environmental field but also in the biomedical and electronic materials fields. In recent years, the literature about orienting PLLA crystals has been promoting new applications for PLLA such as high strength fiberization and piezoelectric properties.

Chiral Symmetry Breaking in Magnetoelectrochemical Etching with Chloride Additives.

Magnetoelectrolysis (electrolysis under magnetic fields) produces chiral surfaces on metal thin films, which can recognize the enantiomers of amino acids. Here, the chiral surface formation on copper films is reported in magnetoelectrochemical etching (MEE) at 5T with chloride additives. In the absence of additives, the surface chirality signs of MEE films depended on the magnetic field polarity.

Development of an x-ray diffraction camera used in magnetic fields up to 10 T.

A high-field x-ray diffraction (HF-XRD) camera was developed to observe structural changes of magnetic materials in magnetic fields up to 10 T. The instrument mainly consists of a Debye-Scherrer-type camera with a diameter of 80.1 mm, a 10-T cryocooled superconducting magnet with a 100-mm room-temperature bore, an x-ray source, a power supply, and a chiller for the x-ray source.

The effect of high strength static magnetic fields and ionizing radiation on gene expression and DNA damage in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Magnetic resonance imaging with high static magnetic fields (SMFs) has become widely used for medical imaging purposes because SMFs cause fewer genotoxic side effects than ionizing radiation (IR). However, the effect of exposure to high SMFs on global transcription is little understood. We demonstrate that genes involved in motor activity, actin binding, cell adhesion, and cuticles are transiently and specifically induced following exposure to 3 or 5 T SMF in the experimental model metazoan Caenorhabditis elegans.