The validity of Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity in the Seated Posture as An Index of Central Arterial Stiffness.

A previous study reported an increase in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) during an upright posture compared to the supine position, partly due to sympathetic activation. However, given that cfPWV is influenced by the transmural pressure (TMP) of the artery, which is elevated in the abdominal aorta in the seated posture due to increased hydrostatic pressure. Thus, it remains unclear whether this increased cfPWV reflects a true rise in arterial stiffness or is simply a result of the elevated TMP.

Morphology of the egg-case and larva of Paracymus aeneus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae).

The generic and species identity of previously described larva of Paracymus aeneus (Germar, 1824), the type species of the genus Paracymus Thomson, 1867, has been a subject of controversy owing to their morphological similarity to the genus Anacaena Thomson, 1859. In this study, we describe morphology of the egg-case and all three instar larvae of P. aeneus based on Japanese specimens obtained through rearing and provide the biological information on the species under rearing conditions.

Active versus passive foam rolling on range of motion, tissue property, and neural adaptation in healthy young adults: A randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Self-massage using a foam roller (foam rolling) is effective for increasing range of motion (ROM). However, the independent effects of pressure stimulation and voluntary movement during foam rolling remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of pressure stimulation and voluntary movement during the foam rolling intervention on ROM and its related parameters from the aspects of tissue mechanical properties and the central nervous system.

Effect of subtetanic neuromuscular electrical stimulation on sprint interval exercise.

The study aimed to determine the acute effects of subtetanic neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) combined with active recovery between sprint exercises on blood lactate accumulation, sprint performance, and muscle fatigue. Sixteen healthy young individuals [23(4) years, 10 males] underwent a 1-min rest followed by sprint interval training consisting of four 15-sec maximal sprint exercises with three 5-min active cycling sessions. Participants engaged in voluntary cycling at 40% of peak oxygen consumption, with or without NMES (VOLES or VOL; interventions).

Development of a genotoxicity/carcinogenicity assessment method by DNA adductome analysis.

Safety evaluation is essential for the development of chemical substances. Since in vivo safety evaluation tests, such as carcinogenesis tests, require long-term observation using large numbers of experimental animals, it is necessary to develop alternative methods that can predict genotoxicity/carcinogenicity in the short term, taking into account the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement). We established a prediction model of the hepatotoxicity of chemicals using a DNA adductome, which is a comprehensive analysis of DNA adducts that may be used as an indicator of DNA damage in the liver.

Immediate effect of local vibration on motor unit firing behavior and muscle strength in healthy young adult males.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of vibration on motor unit (MU) firing behavior and physical performance of antagonist muscles in healthy young adult males.

Methods: Fourteen males (age = 24.3 ± 3.

Iron-sulphur protein catalysed [4+2] cycloadditions in natural product biosynthesis.

To the best of our knowledge, enzymes that catalyse intramolecular Diels-Alder ([4+2] cycloaddition) reactions are frequently reported in natural product biosynthesis; however, no native enzymes utilising Lewis acid catalysis have been reported. Verticilactam is a representative member of polycyclic macrolactams, presumably produced by spontaneous cycloaddition. We report that the intramolecular [4+2] cycloadditions can be significantly accelerated by ferredoxins (Fds), a class of small iron-sulphur (Fe-S) proteins.

Effects of Alaska Pollack Protein Ingestion on Neuromuscular Adaptation in Young Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Alaska pollack protein (APP), has been reported as a protein source that can enhance muscle hypertrophy more than other protein sources in animal studies. This study aimed to examine the effects of APP ingestion on muscle quantity and quality in young adults. Fifty-five young college students were assigned to two groups: APP and placebo (whey protein: WP) groups, and instructed to ingest 4.

Red light-activated depletion of drug-refractory glioblastoma stem cells and chemosensitization of an acquired-resistant mesenchymal phenotype.

Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are potent tumor initiators resistant to radiochemotherapy, and this subpopulation is hypothesized to re-populate the tumor milieu due to selection following conventional therapies. Here, we show that 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) treatment-a pro-fluorophore used for fluorescence-guided cancer surgery-leads to elevated levels of fluorophore conversion in patient-derived GSC cultures, and subsequent red light-activation induces apoptosis in both intrinsically temozolomide chemotherapy-sensitive and -resistant GSC phenotypes. Red light irradiation of ALA-treated cultures also exhibits the ability to target mesenchymal GSCs (Mes-GSCs) with induced temozolomide resistance.

Effect of resistance training and chicken meat on muscle strength and mass and the gut microbiome of older women: A randomized controlled trial.

This study investigated the effects of white meat, such as chicken, intake combined with resistance training on muscle mass and strength in the elderly women, and whether the underlying mechanism involves changes in the gut microbiota. Ninety-three volunteers (age 59-79 years) were randomly allocated to sedentary control with placebo (Sed + PL) or chicken meat (Sed + HP) and resistance training with placebo (RT + PL) or chicken meat (RT + HP). Resistance training sessions were performed 3 d/week for 12 weeks using leg extensions and curls.

[Primary renal triple expressor DLBCL treated with chemotherapy under continuous hemodialysis and filtration support].

A 69-year-old woman was previously treated with antibiotics for suspected pyelonephritis due to fever but showed limited improvement. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed heterogeneous areas of decreased contrast enhancement in both kidneys, along with an elevated soluble level of the IL-2 receptor (5,090 U/ml), and thus the patient was referred to our department for further evaluation. A percutaneous renal biopsy performed due to suspected malignant lymphoma confirmed lymphoma cell infiltration into the renal interstitium.

One-week quercetin intervention modifies motor unit recruitment patterns before and during resistance exercise in older adults: A randomized controlled trial.

We investigated the effects of one-week quercetin ingestion on motor unit (MU) behavior and muscle contractile properties before, during, and after a single session of resistance exercise in older adults. Twenty-four older adults were divided into two groups: those receiving quercetin glycosides (QUE) or placebo (PLA), and they performed a single session of resistance exercise. MU behavior before and during resistance exercise and electrically elicited contraction before and after resistance exercise were measured (Day 1), and the same measurements were conducted again after 7 days of placebo or quercetin glycoside ingestion (Day 8).

Synthesis of Branch-Type 3-Allylindoles from -Alkyl--cinnamyl-2-ethynylaniline Derivatives Using π-Allylpalladium Chloride Complex as a Catalyst.

The reaction of -alkyl--cinnamyl-2-ethynylaniline derivatives via annulation and aza-Claisen-type rearrangement easily afforded corresponding branch-type 3-allylindoles with high regioselectivities in good yields using π-allylpalladium chloride complex as a catalyst.

Description of the larva of Sharp, 1873 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Cybistrinae).

We describe for the first time, the larvae of Cybister (Cybister) lewisianus Sharp, 1873, an endangered species of diving beetle in Japan, emphasizing the chaetotaxy of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment, and urogomphi. larvae are characterized by a longer third article of antenna 3 than the sum of the first and second articles; rounded apex of parietal setae 1-3; labium seta 8 absent; elongated trochanter seta 4, not multi-branched; rounded apex of abdominal setae 1, 12, and 13 (instar I); narrow lateral projections of the frontoclypeus; pronotum without two dark-brown longitudinal stripes dorsally (instar III); and the base of the thick row of small setae on the inner edge of the mandible angulate and projecting medially (all instars).

Effects of repetition of a car-driving pedal maneuver and neural output in older adults.

Understanding the ability of older adults to control pedal position angle and investigating whether this ability can be enhanced through practice may contribute to the prevention of traffic accidents. This study aimed to investigate repetitive effects on variability of the pedal position and neural drive during car-pedal operation in older adults. Thirteen older and 11 young adults performed 105 (21 sets × 5 repetitions) pedal angle control tasks with plantar flexor contraction.

Sex differences in laterality of motor unit firing behavior of the first dorsal interosseous muscle in strength-matched healthy young males and females.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare laterality in motor unit firing behavior between females and males.

Methods: Twenty-seven subjects (14 females) were recruited for this study. The participants performed ramp up and hold isometric index finger abduction at 10, 30, and 60% of their maximum voluntary contraction (MVC).

Can Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Enhance the Effect of Sprint Interval Training?

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of subtetanic neuromuscular electrical stimulation combined with voluntary exercise between repeated Wingate tests on sprint exercise performance and blood lactate accumulation during sprint interval training. Fifteen healthy young males volunteered. After 1-min baseline, participants underwent the Wingate test twice.

A new species of the broad-shouldered water strider genus <em>Microvelia</em> Westwood (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) from the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands, Japan.

Microvelia (Picaultia) yoshitomii sp. nov., currently considered endemic to Haha-jima Island, Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands, Japan, is described.

Association between physical fitness tests and neuromuscular properties.

Purpose: While various fitness tests have been developed to assess physical performances, it is unclear how these tests are affected by differences, such as, in morphological and neural factors. This study was aimed to investigate associations between individual differences in physical fitness tests and neuromuscular properties.

Methods: One hundred and thirty-three young adults participated in various general physical fitness tests and neuromuscular measurements.

Novel Digenic Variants in and Causing X-Linked Alport Syndrome: A Case Report.

Introduction: Alport syndrome (AS) is a hereditary, progressive kidney disease characterized by structural abnormalities and dysfunction of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). AS is classified as X-linked, autosomal, and digenic. The number of cases of digenic AS has increased, but the genotype-phenotype correlation of patient with digenic AS is still unclear.