AIE-ESIPT Photoluminescent Probe Based on 3-(3-Hydroxypyridin-2-yl)isoquinolin-4-ol for the Detection of Intracellular Hydrogen Peroxide.

Excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) molecules, which feature large Stokes shifts to avoid self-absorption, play an essential role in photoluminescent bioimaging probes. Herein, we report the development of an ESIPT molecule 3-(3-hydroxypyridin-2-yl)isoquinolin-4-ol (PiQ). PiQ not only undergoes a distinct ESIPT process unlike the symmetrical 2,2'-bipyridyl-3,3'-diol but also exhibits aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics.

Cone Integrity in Glaucoma: An Adaptive-Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy Study.

Purpose: To investigate photoreceptor changes in eyes with glaucoma.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: The study included 35 eyes of 35 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma who had suffered parafoveal visual field loss at least 3 years previously, as well as 21 eyes of 21 normal subjects.

Transconjunctival sutureless intrascleral intraocular lens fixation using intrascleral tunnels guided with catheter and 30-gauge needles.

We invented a new method for fixing an intraocular lens (IOL) in the scleral tunnel without using a wide conjunctival incision. Modified bent catheter needles were used to penetrate the IOL haptics through the sclerotomy sites. The IOL haptics were inserted into 30-guage (G) scleral tunnels guided by double 30-G needles piercing the sclera.

Intrascleral fixation technique using catheter needles and 30-gauge ultrathin needles: lock-and-lead technique.

Unlabelled: We report a new intrascleral fixation technique for a standard 3-piece posterior intraocular lens (IOL) using catheter needles and 30-gauge ultrathin needles instead of a special forceps and minimal intraocular manipulation in eyes without capsule support. Modified catheter needles are used to deliver the IOL haptic. The IOL haptic is secured extraocularly between the cannula and needle of a catheter needle and then advanced through the sclerotomy site.

Lamina cribrosa defects and optic disc morphology in primary open angle glaucoma with high myopia.

Purpose: To investigate whether lamina cribrosa (LC) defects are associated with optic disc morphology in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes with high myopia.

Methods: A total of 129 POAG patients and 55 age-matched control subjects with high myopia were evaluated. Three-dimensional scan images obtained by swept source optical coherence tomography were used to detect LC defects.

Asymmetry analysis of macular inner retinal layers for glaucoma diagnosis.

Purpose: To determine if asymmetry in thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer, ganglion cell complex, and total retina between upper and lower macula halves can predict glaucoma.

Design: Retrospective case-control series.

Methods: One hundred twenty-two eyes of 122 patients (30 normal eyes and 30 preperimetric, 31 early, and 31 advanced glaucoma eyes) were studied.

High-resolution imaging of photoreceptors in macular microholes.

Purpose: To assess photoreceptor structure in macular microholes by using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and compare with visual acuity.

Methods: Fourteen eyes from 12 patients with macular microholes underwent a full ophthalmologic examination and imaging with a fundus camera, SD-OCT, and an original prototype AO-SLO system at each visit.

Results: All eyes had a cone outer segment tip line disruption and a normal retinal pigment epithelium line on SD-OCT images.

Alterations in the neural and connective tissue components of glaucomatous cupping after glaucoma surgery using swept-source optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To visualize changes in deep optic nerve head (ONH) structures following glaucoma surgery using (3-dimensional [3D]) swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and to determine the clinical and structural factors associated with postoperative lamina cribrosa (LC) and prelaminar neural tissue (PLT) changes.

Methods: In this prospective observational case series, SS-OCT thin-sliced datasets of the ONH covering a 3- × 3-mm area comprised of 256 B-scans (interval between scans = ∼12 μm) were obtained before and 3 months after the surgery and evaluated in 73 eyes of 73 patients with glaucoma. Bruch's membrane opening (BMO) and anterior LC boundary were manually delineated by two methods; one in every four B-scans (64 B-scans per eye) and 15 equally spaced horizontal B-scans in BMO area, excluding both ends (interval between scans = 96-120 μm).

Macular cone abnormalities in retinitis pigmentosa with preserved central vision using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

Purpose: To assess macular photoreceptor abnormalities in eyes with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) with preserved central vision using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO).

Methods: Fourteen eyes of 14 patients with RP (best-corrected visual acuity 20/20 or better) and 12 eyes of 12 volunteers underwent a full ophthalmologic examination, fundus autofluorescence, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and imaging with a prototype AO-SLO system. Cone density and spatial organization of the cone mosaic were assessed using AO-SLO images.

Three-dimensional imaging of lamina cribrosa defects in glaucoma using swept-source optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To visualize lamina cribrosa defects using three-dimensional (3D) swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT), and to determine the factors associated with this feature.

Methods: All subjects were examined using an SS-OCT prototype system, which uses a tunable laser as a light source, operated at 100,000 Hz A-scan repetition rate in the 1050-nm wavelength. A 3D raster scan protocol consisting of 256×256 A-scans was acquired over a square area of 3 mm×3 mm centered on the optic disc.

Macular imaging in highly myopic eyes with and without glaucoma.

Purpose: To determine how evaluations of macular structures on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography compare with those of the optic disc and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in discriminating between highly myopic eyes with and without glaucoma.

Design: Retrospective, comparative study.

Methods: The appearances of ganglion cell layer and RNFL on Spectralis macular scans (Heidelberg Engineering) and optic disc on photographs were evaluated by 2 observers.

Objective assessment of foveal cone loss ratio in surgically closed macular holes using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

Purpose: To use adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO) to quantify cone loss ratio in the foveola in order to assess foveal cone status and to investigate relationships between foveal structural abnormalities and visual function in patients with macular hole (MH) after surgery.

Methods: We evaluated 10 normal eyes of 10 healthy volunteers and 19 eyes of 18 patients in whom anatomically successful MH closure had been performed. All subjects underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination that included measurements of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and AO-SLO.

Measurement of macular ganglion cell layer and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer to detect paracentral scotoma in early glaucoma.

Background: Glaucoma patients with paracentral scotoma are at higher risk of losing central vision than those without glaucoma. The purpose of this study was to determine whether macular inner retinal layer (MIRL) measurements with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) outperform circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) measurements in discriminating between eyes with and without paracentral scotoma.

Methods: This retrospective study included 63 early glaucomatous eyes of 63 patients with (PSI group) or without (PSF group) paracentral visual field (VF) defects.

Comparison of cone pathologic changes in idiopathic macular telangiectasia types 1 and 2 using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

Purpose: To compare pathologic changes in the photoreceptors of eyes with idiopathic macular telangiectasia types 1 and 2 using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO).

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: Eleven eyes with idiopathic macular telangiectasia type 1, 14 eyes with type 2, and 10 normal eyes underwent a full ophthalmologic examination, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and imaging with an original prototype AO-SLO system.

High-resolution imaging of retinal nerve fiber bundles in glaucoma using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

Purpose: To detect pathologic changes in retinal nerve fiber bundles in glaucomatous eyes seen on images obtained by adaptive optics (AO) scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO SLO).

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: Twenty-eight eyes of 28 patients with open-angle glaucoma and 21 normal eyes of 21 volunteer subjects underwent a full ophthalmologic examination, visual field testing using a Humphrey Field Analyzer, fundus photography, red-free SLO imaging, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and imaging with an original prototype AO SLO system.

Imaging of localized retinal nerve fiber layer defects in preperimetric glaucoma using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To characterize preperimetric retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects on speckle noise-reduced spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and to determine whether detection of preperimetric RNFL defects can be improved by speckle noise reduction.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-two eyes of 32 patients with preperimetric glaucoma and 30 normal eyes of 30 volunteers underwent complete ophthalmic examinations and scanning by speckle noise-reduced SD-OCT (Spectralis), single-scan SD-OCT (RTVue-100), and single-scan time-domain (Stratus) OCT.

Results: All 40 RNFL defects identified by photography had angular widths <30 degrees and no disruption of RNFL reflectivity on Spectralis.

A novel method to detect local ganglion cell loss in early glaucoma using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To test the glaucoma-discriminating ability of a new method for detecting local ganglion cell loss using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: This study included 58 glaucomatous and 48 healthy eyes from Japanese subjects. Combined thickness of the ganglion cell layer and inner plexus layer (GCIPL) was measured on a macular cube scan in Cirrus HD-OCT.

Retinal nerve fiber layer defects in highly myopic eyes with early glaucoma.

Purpose: To compare the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects in early glaucomatous eyes between highly and non-highly myopic eyes.

Methods: Sixty-one highly myopic eyes (< -6.0 diopters [D]) of 61 patients and 55 non-highly myopic eyes of 55 patients with early visual field (VF) defects were studied.

Wide 3-dimensional macular ganglion cell complex imaging with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in glaucoma.

Purpose: To determine whether measurement of ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness over a wide area (8-mm diameter) can improve the glaucoma-discriminating ability of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) compared to that in the standard macular area (6-mm diameter).

Methods: Ninety-three subjects were enrolled, including 46 healthy eyes of 46 volunteers and 47 eyes of 47 glaucoma patients (23 eyes with preperimetric glaucoma [PPG] and 24 eyes with early glaucoma [EG]). All patients underwent SD-OCT raster scanning over a 9 mm × 9 mm square area centered on the fovea.

In vivo imaging of lamina cribrosa pores by adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

Purpose: To visualize and assess the surface-level pores of the lamina cribrosa in patients with glaucoma by using a prototype adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) system.

Methods: The numbers of laminar pores were compared between color disc photography, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) without AO, and AOSLO. The pore area and elongation index were examined for correlation with ocular parameters such as the mean deviation, disc area, cup/disc ratio, disc ovality index, intraocular pressure (IOP), and axial length in the AOSLO images.

Photoreceptor damage and foveal sensitivity in surgically closed macular holes: an adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy study.

Purpose: To assess photoreceptor structure using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO SLO) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) and to evaluate the relationship between structural abnormalities and foveal sensitivity in eyes with surgically closed macular hole (MH).

Design: Prospective, interventional case series.

Methods: Twenty-one eyes of 19 patients with idiopathic MH underwent a full ophthalmologic examination, including SD OCT at baseline.

Retinal structural alterations and macular sensitivity in idiopathic macular telangiectasia type 1.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between the abnormalities of retinal structures showed on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and the changes in the macular sensitivity measured by microperimetry in eyes with idiopathic macular telangiectasia type 1.

Methods: Eleven eyes of 11 patients with macular telangiectasia type 1 were reviewed. Morphologic changes in the retina and retinal sensitivity of eyes with macular telangiectasia type 1 were studied using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and microperimetry.

High-resolution imaging of the retinal nerve fiber layer in normal eyes using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

Purpose: To conduct high-resolution imaging of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in normal eyes using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO).

Methods: AO-SLO images were obtained in 20 normal eyes at multiple locations in the posterior polar area and a circular path with a 3-4-mm diameter around the optic disc. For each eye, images focused on the RNFL were recorded and a montage of AO-SLO images was created.

The source of moving particles in parafoveal capillaries detected by adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

Purpose: To investigate the source of moving particles in parafoveal capillaries detected by adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO).

Methods: AO-SLO videos were acquired from the parafoveal areas of eyes of healthy subjects. The gray-scale values inside and outside the moving particles were measured and compared.

High-resolution photoreceptor imaging in idiopathic macular telangiectasia type 2 using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

Purpose: To study pathologic changes in the photoreceptors in eyes with idiopathic macular telangiectasia (MacTel) type 2 using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO).

Methods: Thirteen eyes with nonproliferative MacTel type 2 and 10 normal eyes underwent a full ophthalmologic examination, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and imaging with an original prototype AO-SLO system. All eyes with MacTel type 2 were examined with fluorescein angiography (FA), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), confocal blue reflectance (CBR), and fundus-monitoring microperimetry (MP).