The Effect of Nutrients on Subjective Accomplishment at Work: Results from a Health Survey and a Single-Arm Dietary Intervention Study.

In Japan, many workers are exposed to chronic stress, sleep deprivation, and nutritional imbalance. They tend still to go to work when ill, leading to decreased work performance and productivity, which has become a major social problem. We conducted a human entry study with the aim of finding a link between these two factors and proposing an optimized diet, believing that a review of diet may lead to an improvement in labor productivity.

Intramuscular injection of mesenchymal stem cells augments basal muscle protein synthesis after bouts of resistance exercise in male mice.

Skeletal muscle mass is critical for activities of daily living. Resistance training maintains or increases muscle mass, and various strategies maximize the training adaptation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with differential potency in skeletal muscle cells and the capacity to secrete growth factors.

Association of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor with hepatic enzymes, AST/ALT ratio, and FIB-4 index in middle-aged and older women.

Substantial evidence suggests an important role of liver function in brain health. Liver function is clinically assessed by measuring the activity of hepatic enzymes in the peripheral blood. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important regulator of brain function.

Intramuscular injection of mesenchymal stem cells activates anabolic and catabolic systems in mouse skeletal muscle.

Skeletal muscle mass is critical for good quality of life. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells distributed across various tissues. They are characterized by the capacity to secrete growth factors and differentiate into skeletal muscle cells.

The Effect of Leucine-Enriched Essential Amino Acid Supplementation on Anabolic and Catabolic Signaling in Human Skeletal Muscle after Acute Resistance Exercise: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Comparison Trial.

Resistance exercise transiently activates anabolic and catabolic systems in skeletal muscle. Leucine-enriched essential amino acids (LEAAs) are reported to stimulate the muscle anabolic response at a lower dose than whey protein. However, little is known regarding the effect of LEAA supplementation on the resistance exercise-induced responses of the anabolic and catabolic systems.

Response of Resistance Exercise-Induced Muscle Protein Synthesis and Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy Are Not Enhanced After Disuse Muscle Atrophy in Rat.

Skeletal muscle disuse rapidly decreases muscle mass. Resistance training (RT) is believed as the most effective way to gain muscle mass via an increase in mTORC1 activity and muscle protein synthesis (MPS). However, it remains unclear whether muscle atrophy by disuse alters the mTORC1 activation and MPS response to an acute resistance exercise (RE) and chronic RT-mediated skeletal muscle hypertrophy.

Enhanced skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity after acute resistance-type exercise is upregulated by rapamycin-sensitive mTOR complex 1 inhibition.

Acute aerobic exercise (AE) increases skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity for several hours, caused by acute activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Acute resistance exercise (RE) also activates AMPK, possibly improving insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. However, RE-induced rapamycin-sensitive mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation is higher and has a longer duration than after AE.

The effect of a bout of resistance exercise on skeletal muscle protein metabolism after severe fasting.

Resistance exercise (RE) activates the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway and increases muscle protein synthesis. Severe fasting induces 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which attenuates mTORC1 activation. However, the effect of RE on the response of mTORC1 signaling proteins after a period of severe fasting is unclear.

Repeated bouts of resistance exercise attenuate mitogen-activated protein-kinase signal responses in rat skeletal muscle.

Resistance exercise training induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy, but repeated bouts gradually attenuate this anabolic effect. Attenuation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation by repetitive resistance exercise is involved in this process, but the mechanism leading to inactivation of mTORC1 remains unclear. In this study, we investigated repetition-dependent changes in mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the 90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase (p90RSK), upstream regulators of mTORC1, in a rat resistance-exercise model.

Exercise training increases CISD family protein expression in murine skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue.

Mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue (WAT) declines with aging and the progression of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. Although exercise increases mitochondrial biogenesis and function in both tissues, the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. CDGSH iron sulfur domain-containing proteins (CISDs) are a novel family of proteins that regulate mitochondrial activity and biogenesis.

The effect of different acute muscle contraction regimens on the expression of muscle proteolytic signaling proteins and genes.

Previous studies have reported that different modes of muscle contraction (i.e., eccentric or concentric contraction) with similar contraction times can affect muscle proteolytic responses.