Experimental Study on Inspiratory Phonation Using Physical Model of the Vocal Folds.

In inspiratory phonation, the air is inhaled from the mouth. The inhaled air passes through the glottis towards the lungs, thereby inducing the vocal fold vibrations. Such phonation takes place in various situations such as sighs, laughter, and crying.

Intraoperative maneuvers may affect the development of early postoperative small bowel obstruction after laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery: Multicenter prospective cohort study.

Background: Early postoperative small bowel obstruction (EPSBO) is one of the most common complications after colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery, and clarification of its causes is desired. Several reports have demonstrated the risks of EPSBO, but few have focused on laparoscopic surgery for CRC and intraoperative maneuvers. We therefore prospectively examined the risk factors for EPSBO after laparoscopic CRC resection.

Laparoscopic anterior resection with or without transanal tube for rectal cancer patients - A multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: In rectal cancer surgery, insertion of transanal tube has been shown to have efficacy to prevent anastomotic leakage. This randomized controlled study aims to clarify the incidence of anastomotic leakage with or without transanal tube in patients with rectal cancer.

Methods: Patients who underwent elective low anterior resection were randomly allocated to either have transanal tube insertion or not for five days after surgery.

Optimal Assessment of Frailty Predicts Postoperative Complications in Older Patients with Colorectal Cancer Surgery.

Objectives: The increasingly elderly worldwide population has affected the incidence of colorectal cancer. Establishment of reliable assessment of frailty and proposals for multi-disciplinary interventions are urgently required in oncology practices. Kihon Checklist (KCL) was published by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare originally to identify individuals ≥ 65 years old at probable risk for requiring care or social support.

Ultrasound findings for spontaneous regression of omphalomesenteric remnant after birth.

We report a rare case of spontaneous regression of omphalomesenteric remnant after birth. Unlike previously reported cases, no surgery was required. The omphalomesenteric duct sometimes persists at birth.

First-in-human study of CH5132799, an oral class I PI3K inhibitor, studying toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics, in patients with metastatic cancer.

Purpose: This phase I dose-escalation study investigated the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and preliminary clinical activity of CH5132799.

Experimental Design: Patients with metastatic solid tumors were eligible for the study. CH5132799 was administered orally once daily or twice daily in 28-day cycles.

Individualized adjuvant chemotherapy guided by chemosensitivity test sequential to extended surgery for advanced gastric cancer.

Background And Objectives: Various adjuvant chemotherapy regimens have been proposed for patients with advanced gastric cancer; however, the majority of these trials failed to show a clear survival benefit over surgery alone. In this study, the feasibility and efficacy of a strategy of extended surgery combined with individualized adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer with serosal invasion and nodal involvement was examined.

Patients And Methods: Sixty-four patients with advanced gastric cancer underwent gastrectomy with extended lymph node dissection.

Evaluation of chemosensitivity testing with highly purified tumor cells in 435 patients with gastric carcinoma using an MTT assay.

Background: We evaluated the results of chemosensitivity testing for gastric cancer using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in terms of the correlation of chemosensitivity and clinicopathological findings.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed 435 consecutive patients with gastric cancer treated between January 1991 and January 2002. Highly purified fresh human gastric cancer cells were obtained from 485 lesions including 415 primary tumors and 70 metastatic tumors.

Study of the absorption of cefcapene pivoxil in patients with infectious disease and soft stool or diarrhea.

Cefcapene pivoxil hydrochloride (CFPN-PI), an ester cephem antibiotic, was orally given at a dose of 100 mg three times daily in patients with infection and soft stool or diarrhea, and its absorption was determined using the recovery ratio of 12-h urine pooled after the initial administration as an index. The primary endpoint, the recovery ratio of 12-h urine pooled after oral administration, could be evaluated in six of the eight patients finally gathered, and the mean value was 30.1 +/- 5.

Dendritic cells genetically engineered to simultaneously express endogenous tumor antigen and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor elicit potent therapeutic antitumor immunity.

Recently, several studies have shown that vaccine therapy using dendritic cells (DCs) genetically engineered to express a surrogate tumor antigen can effectively induce antitumor immunity. In this study, murine bone marrow DCs were adenovirally transduced with murine endogenous tumor antigen gp70 expressed in CT26 cells and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and we examined whether antigen-specific CTL responses and therapeutic immunity could be induced in mice immunized with those genetically modified DCs. The cytotoxic activity against CT26 in mice immunized with gp70-transduced DCs was significantly higher than that in control (P < 0.