Dementia Care Practice.

Background: In Japan, the number of patients with dementia is increasing and there is a shortage of human resources who can conduct detailed psychological examinations, and the development and implementation of new tools is essential for improving dementia care. Japan is one of seven sites across the globe focusing on healthcare system preparedness as part of the Davos Alzheimer's Collaborative Early Detection flagship program. As part of this program, Japan implemented new tools including a digital cognitive assessment (DCA) and blood-based biomarker (BBM) to increase rates of early detection of cognitive impairment.

Dementia Care Practice.

Background: Cognitive impairment is frequently undetected or undiagnosed in the early stages. To increase the rates of detecting cognitive impairment, the Early Detection program of the Davos Alzheimer's Collaborative System Preparedness (DAC-SP) implemented digital cognitive assessments (DCA) in primary care and other non-specialty settings.

Methods: The DAC-SP Early Detection program was initiated in 2021 in seven healthcare systems across six countries.

Survival benefits of interventional radiology and surgical teams collaboration during primary trauma surveys: a single-centre retrospective cohort study.

Background: A team approach is essential for effective trauma management. Close collaboration between interventional radiologists and surgeons during the initial management of trauma patients is important for prompt and accurate trauma care. This study aimed to determine whether trauma patients benefit from close collaboration between interventional radiology (IR) and surgical teams during the primary trauma survey.

Corrigendum: Sensory nerve action potential in patients with functional neurological disorders with sensory manifestations.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.

Sensory nerve action potential in patients with functional neurological disorders with sensory manifestations.

Introduction: Functional neurological disorder (FND) has various clinical manifestations. Even though diagnostic criteria for FND have been proposed, FND characteristics with sensory manifestations have not been elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitudes and FND with sensory manifestations.

Short-term memory impairment following recovery from systemic inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice.

The relationship between neuroinflammation and mental disorders has been recognized and investigated for over 30 years. Diseases of systemic or peripheral inflammation, such as sepsis, peritonitis, and infection, are associated with increased risk of mental disorders with neuroinflammation. To elucidate the pathogenesis, systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice is often used.

Literature Review on the Utilization of Rice Husks: Focus on Application of Materials for Digital Fabrication.

To achieve a sustainable society, it is important to use biological resources effectively to the extent that they are renewable. Rice husk, which is abundantly produced in various regions, is a useful biomass resource. To promote their use further, it is important to expand the fields in which they are used.

Irreversible Intrathecal Chemotherapy-induced Myelopathy in a Patient with Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma.

Intrathecal chemotherapy is often administered for prophylaxis and treatment of central nervous system involvement in hematological malignancies. However, it may rarely cause neurotoxicity as a side effect. We herein report a 74-year-old woman with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma including a spinal lesion.

Cooperative Photochemical Reaction Kinetics in Organic Molecular Crystals.

Photoreactive molecular crystals have been intensively investigated as next-generation functional materials. Changes in physicochemical properties are usually interpreted in terms of static pre- and post-reaction molecular structures and packings determined by X-ray structure analysis. However, to elucidate the dynamic properties, it is necessary to understand the dynamic nature of photochemical kinetics in crystals.

Edge-to-Center Propagation of Photochemical Reaction during Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Photomechanical Transformation of 2,5-Distyrylpyrazine Crystals.

Photomechanical molecular crystals are promising materials for photon-powered artificial actuators. To interpret the photomechanical responses, the spatiotemporal distribution of photoproducts in crystals could be an important role in addition to molecular structures, molecular packings, illumination conditions, crystal morphology, crystal size, and so on. In this study, we have found that single crystals of 2,5-distyrylpyrazine show a smooth single-crystal-to-single-crystal photomechanical expansion, and the photochemical reaction propagates from the edge to the center of the single crystal.

Dopamine regulates astrocytic IL-6 expression and process formation via dopamine receptors and adrenoceptors.

Dopamine levels in the central nervous system change under pathological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and addiction. Under those pathological conditions, astrocytes become reactive astrocytes characterized by morphological changes and the release of inflammatory cytokines involved in pathogenesis. However, it remains unclear whether dopamine regulates astrocytic morphology and functions.

Glu in rabies virus glycoprotein is involved in virus attenuation through astrocyte infection and interferon responses.

The amino acid residue at position 333 of the rabies virus (RABV) glycoprotein (G333) is a major determinant of RABV pathogenicity. Virulent RABV strains possess Arg, whereas the attenuated strain HEP-Flury (HEP) possesses Glu. To investigate the potential attenuation mechanism dependent on a single amino acid at G333, comparative analysis was performed between HEP and HEPR mutant with Arg.

Small bowel bleeding treated successfully with transcatheter arterial embolization with imipenem/cilastatin.

Background: Small bowel bleeding is an uncommon cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding, which may require different management.

Case Presentation: A 37-year-old man presenting with hematochezia was promptly diagnosed with small bowel bleeding by computed tomography angiography. Transcatheter arterial embolization was carried out because the patient's hemodynamic status deteriorated.

The effect of participation of interventional radiology team in a primary trauma survey on patient outcome.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the survival benefits of a workflow in which an interventional radiology (IR) team participates in a primary trauma survey on patients with hemodynamically unstable trauma.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted between 2012 and 2019 at a single institution. Patients who underwent an IR procedure as the initial hemostasis were assigned to the hemodynamically stable group (HSG) or hemodynamically unstable group (HUG).

Correlating Reaction Dynamics and Size Change during the Photomechanical Transformation of 9-Methylanthracene Single Crystals.

Photomechanical molecular crystals that expand under illumination could potentially be used as photon-powered actuators. In this study, we find that the use of high-quality single crystals of 9-methylanthracene (9MA) leads to more homogeneous reaction kinetics than that previously seen for polycrystalline samples, presumably due to a lower concentration of defects. Furthermore, simultaneous observation of absorbance and shape changes in single crystals revealed that the dimensional change mirrors the reaction progress, resulting in a smooth expansion of 7 % along the c-axis that is linearly correlated with reaction progress.

An ectopic thymoma arising in the middle mediastinum that was difficult to distinguish from a lymph node metastasis.

Background: Ectopic thymomas often occur in the upper mediastinum; however, they rarely arise in the middle mediastinum, especially on the dorsal side of the innominate vein and superior vena cava in the peribronchial region.

Case Presentation: Six years prior, a 27-year-old female presented to our department and was diagnosed with locally advanced left breast cancer. First, we administered chemotherapy including an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 antibody.

Clinicopathologic Features of Oculopharyngodistal Myopathy With LRP12 CGG Repeat Expansions Compared With Other Oculopharyngodistal Myopathy Subtypes.

Importance: Repeat expansion of CGG in LRP12 has been identified as the causative variation of oculopharyngodistal myopathy (OPDM). However, to our knowledge, the clinicopathologic features of OPDM with CGG repeat expansion in LRP12 (hereafter referred to as OPDM_LRP12) remain unknown.

Objective: To identify and characterize the clinicopathologic features of patients with OPDM_LRP12.

Bidirectional modulation of TNF-α transcription via α- and β-adrenoceptors in cultured astrocytes from rat spinal cord.

Noradrenaline (NA) suppresses TNF-α production via β-adrenoceptors (ARs) in brain astrocytes. However, the downstream pathways from β-ARs, and the involvement of α-ARs, remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the AR-mediated regulation of TNF-α mRNA levels in cultured astrocytes from rat spinal cord.

Photoreversible Birefringence Change of Diarylethene Single Crystals as Revealed by Change in Molecular Polarizability Anisotropy.

Stimuli-responsive organic crystals represent a new frontier of material chemistry. Recently, we have reported photoreversible interference color change to multicolor in single crystals composed of a photochromic diarylethene derivative, 1,2-bis(2-ethyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene (), accompanied by the photochromic reaction. The origin of the interference color change is due to the photoinduced birefringence change in the photoisomerization of diarylethenes.

[Pitfalls in Reading EEG for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: The "Southern-hemisphere" Spike and Normal Variants].

Electroencephalogram (EEG) reading in clinical settings commonly uses three montage types: referential montage, bipolar montage, and average montage. Since each montage type has its advantages and disadvantages, there is no single best montage. To correctly read EEG, it is essential 1) to use the montage appropriate for the focus and distribution of epileptic activity and 2) to correctly recognize EEG waveforms that are often misdiagnosed as epileptic activity.

Long-Term Outcomes of Endovascular Stenting for Blunt Renal Artery Injuries with Stenosis: A Report of Five Consecutive Cases.

Background: Renal artery stenting is performed for renal artery injuries to preserve renal function and prevent renovascular hypertension. However, its indications are controversial and its long-term prognosis remains unknown. Here, we evaluate the characteristics and long-term outcomes of renal artery stenting for blunt renal artery injuries at our institution.

Initial inferior vena cava diameter predicts massive transfusion requirements in blunt trauma patients: A retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: The inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter is associated with shock and increased mortality in trauma patients. However, there are no reports examining the association between the IVC diameter and massive transfusion (MT) requirements in trauma patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between IVC diameter and MT requirements in patients with blunt trauma.

A minimally invasive multiple percutaneous drainage technique for acute necrotizing pancreatitis.

Background: In approximately 20% of patients, necrotizing pancreatitis is complicated with severe acute pancreatitis, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Minimally invasive step-up approach is both safe and effective, but sometimes requires multiple access sites.

Methods: A 62-year-old woman was admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis, and initial computed tomography (CT) revealed no evidence of acute pancreatitis.

An efficient catalytic oxidation of p-Alkoxypenols to p-quinones using tetrabutylammonium bromide and oxone.

A catalytic oxidation of p-alkoxyphenols was developed using tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) and Oxone(®). The reaction of p-alkoxyphenol (1) with a catalytic amount of TBAB in the presence of Oxone(®) as a co-oxidant in acetonitrile-water (2 : 1) gave the corresponding p-quinone (2) in excellent yield without special treatment.