Contact investigation of tuberculosis in Brunei Darussalam: Evaluation and risk factor analysis.

Introduction: We evaluated the yield of tuberculosis (TB) contact investigation in Brunei Darussalam, and identified the associated factors for latent TB infection (LTBI) diagnosis, as well as for initiating and completing LTBI treatment.

Methods: Data were extracted and digitalised for all close contacts of pulmonary TB (PTB) cases at the National TB Coordinating Centre from January 2009 to December 2018. Generalising estimating equations logistic regression models were used to determine the associated factors.

Characteristics of young colorectal cancer in Brunei Darussalam: an epidemiologic study of 29 years (1986-2014).

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal cancer and the incidence is increasing. CRC is more common with increasing age, but a proportion occurs in young adults, termed young CRC. This study assessed the incidence and the demographic of young CRC in Brunei Darussalam.

Gluteraldehyde-induced colitis: a rare cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Gluteraldehyde is an effective and widely used disinfectant. Despite the large volume of endoscopic procedures carried out, gluteraldehyde-induced colitis is rare. It typically presents with acute onset of lower abdominal pain, fever, and bloody stool, within hours to up to 2 days of endoscopy.

Sigmoid volvulus in pregnancy: early diagnosis and intervention are important.

Bowel obstruction is rare in pregnancy, and delay in recognition can lead to serious maternal and fetal complications. Most reported causes of bowel obstruction in pregnancy (adhesions, intussusception, hernia, and carcinoma) require surgical intervention. Sigmoid volvulus is an acute surgical cause that can now be managed successfully without surgery.