Synthesis and biological evaluation of potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitors based on a benzoxazine core.

With the purpose of expanding the structural variety of chemical compounds available as pharmacological tools for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, we synthesized and evaluated a novel series of indole-benzoxazinones (Family I) and benzoxazine-arylpiperazine derivatives (Family II) for potential human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) inhibitory properties. The most active compounds 7a and 7d demonstrated effective inhibitory profiles with K values of 20.3 ± 0.

Structured, Protocol-Based Pulse-Oximetry Measurement Improves the Evaluation of Hypoxemic Patients at Hospital Admission.

Background: Accurate pulse oximetry reading at hospital admission is of utmost importance, mainly for patients presenting with hypoxemia. Nevertheless, there is no accepted or evidence-based protocol for such structured measuring.

Objectives: To devise and assess a structured protocol intended to increase the accuracy of pulse oximetry measurement at hospital admission.

Parental Perception of Flourishing in School-Aged Children: 2011-2012 National Survey of Children's Health.

Objective: Flourishing reflects positive mental health and thriving and is important for children's development and well-being. Few national studies of flourishing among school-aged children exist. Exposure to socioeconomic disadvantage is negatively associated with social and health outcomes, including flourishing.

Case Report of Unexpectedly Long Survival of Patient With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Why Integrative Methods Matter.

Introduction: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is one of the most common types of leukemia. In the present case, an evidence-guided treatment plan of supplements and lifestyle changes were used to support the patient.

Case Presentation: A 56-y-old female presented to her primary care physician for a routine physical in 2001.

[Experience of 157 vesikoscopic operations in children].

Aim: Recent advances in the field of minimally invasive surgical technologies in children and adolescents have led to the development of vesicoscopic (transvesical, pneumoscopic) access (VA). Current limitations in using VA emphasize the need for further studies investigating surgical options for the management of various pathological conditions of the bladder and ureterovesical junction, the features of surgical techniques and the course of the early postoperative period when used in pediatric urological practice.

Materials And Methods: From 2013 to 2017, 157 patients (79 girls and 78 boys) aged between 2 months and 18 years (mean age 4.

Prevalence of Parent-Reported ADHD Diagnosis and Associated Treatment Among U.S. Children and Adolescents, 2016.

The purpose of this study is to estimate the national prevalence of parent-reported attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis and treatment among U.S. children 2-17 years of age using the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH).

[The effiectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in treating proxima ureteral stones].

Unlabelled: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has proven efficacy in the treatment of proximal ureteral stones. The research to date has not been able to establish real time to spontaneous stone clearance after ESWL and the appropriateness and effectiveness of -blockers in stimulating residual stone clearance after ESWL.

Aim: To conduct a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of ESWL in treating proximal ureteral stones and determine the appropriateness of using -blockers to stimulate residual stone clearance.

Gold nanoparticles stabilized with βcyclodextrin-2-amino-4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazole complex: A novel system for drug transport.

While 2-amino-4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazole (AT) drug and thiazole derivatives have several biological applications, these compounds present some drawbacks, such as low aqueous solubility and instability. A new complex of βCD-AT has been synthesized to increase AT solubility and has been used as a substrate for the deposit of solid-state AuNPs via magnetron sputtering, thus forming the βCD-AT-AuNPs ternary system, which is stable in solution. Complex formation has been confirmed through powder X-ray diffraction and 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance.

Construction of 6-thioguanine and 6-mercaptopurine carriers based on βcyclodextrins and gold nanoparticles.

As a novel strategy to overcome some of the therapeutic disadvantages of 6-thioguanine (TG) and 6-mercaptopurine (MP), we propose the inclusion of these drugs in βcyclodextrin (βCD) to form the complexes βCD-TG and βCD-MP, followed by subsequent interaction with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), generating the ternary systems: βCD-TG-AuNPs and βCD-MP-AuNPs. This modification increased their solubility and improved their stability, betting by a site-specific transport due to their nanometric dimensions, among other advantages. The formation of the complexes was confirmed using powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and one and two-dimensional NMR.

[Antimicrobial resistance of uropathogens in patients with acute obstructive pyelonephritis].

Relevance: Acute pyelonephritis is known to be the most complicated and severe urinary tract infection occurring in all age groups and accounting for 14% of all kidney diseases. The generally recognized standard antibiotic therapy cannot completely prevent the progression of the disease to its chronic form after relief of its acute manifestations thus leading to a high incidence of relapses. The aim of our study was to investigate the spectrum of uropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity in acute obstructive pyelonephritis.

Improving gold nanorod delivery to the central nervous system by conjugation to the shuttle Angiopep-2.

Aim: To improve the in vivo delivery of gold nanorods (GNRs) to the central nervous system of rats, these gold nanoparticles were conjugated to Angiopep-2, a shuttle peptide that can cross the blood-brain barrier.

Materials & Methods: GNRs were synthesized and modified using polyethylene glycol and Angiopep-2 (GNR-PEG-Angiopep-2). The physicochemical properties, in vitro cytotoxicity and ex vivo biodistribution of the conjugate were examined.

[Is bacteriological testing of bladder urine informative in acute obstructive pyelo- nephritis?].

Unlabelled: The problem of the etiology and pathogenesis of acute obstructive pyelonephritis (OOP) remains one of the challenging issues of modern urology. Etiological agents of pyelonephritis can be both gram-negative and gram-positive opportunistic bacteria mostly belonging to the normal flora in humans. The generally accepted diagnostic work-up involves a bacteriological testing of not pelvic urine, but of bladder urine collected by a transurethral catheter or midstream specimens of urine collected from the patients.

Integrative Medicine for Geriatric and Palliative Care.

More than 80% of people in the United States who are older than 65 years have 1 or more chronic medical problems, and 50% have 2 or more. The cost of care for the elderly is at least 3 to 4 times that of younger populations and is rapidly growing, mostly because of a lack of preventive approaches and overly medicalized and fragmented care. This article summarizes the most up-to-date evidence for specific integrative modalities for common geriatric conditions, including falls, frailty, osteoporosis, and end-of-life palliative care.

Widening Disparities In Infant Mortality And Life Expectancy Between Appalachia And The Rest Of The United States, 1990-2013.

Appalachia-a region that stretches from Mississippi to New York-has historically been recognized as a socially and economically disadvantaged part of the United States, and growing evidence suggests that health disparities between it and the rest of the country are widening. We compared infant mortality and life expectancy disparities in Appalachia to those outside the region during the period 1990-2013. We found that infant mortality disparities widened for both whites and blacks, with infant mortality 16 percent higher in Appalachia in 2009-13, and the region's deficit in life expectancy increased from 0.

Structural and functional identification of vasculogenic mimicry in vitro.

Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) describes a process by which cancer cells establish an alternative perfusion pathway in an endothelial cell-free manner. Despite its strong correlation with reduced patient survival, controversy still surrounds the existence of an in vitro model of VM. Furthermore, many studies that claim to demonstrate VM fail to provide solid evidence of true hollow channels, raising concerns as to whether actual VM is actually being examined.

Peptide multifunctionalized gold nanorods decrease toxicity of β-amyloid peptide in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of Alzheimer's disease.

The properties of nanometric materials make nanotechnology a promising platform for tackling problems of contemporary medicine. In this work, gold nanorods were synthetized and stabilized with polyethylene glycols and modified with two kinds of peptides. The D1 peptide that recognizes toxic aggregates of Aβ, a peptide involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD); and the Angiopep 2 that can be used to deliver nanorods to the mammalian central nervous system.

Gold nanoparticles as an efficient drug delivery system for GLP-1 peptides.

In this work, the potential application of gold nanoparticles for GLP-1 analogues delivery was studied. For this purpose, the original sequence of the incretin GLP-1 was slightly modified in the C-terminal region by adding a cysteine residue to facilitate conjugation to the gold surface. The interaction between peptides and gold nanoparticles and also the colloid stability of the conjugates were studied by UV-vis spectrophotometry, TEM, IR and XPS spectroscopy.

Photothermal conversion efficiency and cytotoxic effect of gold nanorods stabilized with chitosan, alginate and poly(vinyl alcohol).

Gold nanorods (GNR) use has been proposed in medical applications because of their intrinsic photothermal properties. However, the presence of CTAB molecules adsorbed onto the surface of GNRs results in a highly cytotoxic GNR system. In this work we replace the CTAB molecules with a thiolated chitosan.

Serial magnetic resonance imaging findings in subarachnoid hemorrhage due to an initially angiographically occult type II spinal aneurysm: Case report.

Background: Spinal aneurysms are rare causes of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Methods: We present an unusual, initially occult, case of an upper thoracic intradural extramedullary isolated aneurysm arising from the T2 intercostal-radicular circulation that was initially angiographically occult but was discovered due to unique, albeit nonspecific, magnetic resonance imaging findings of spinal cord T2 hyperintensity and contrast enhancement that were noted to progress with a clinical picture of ictal rehemorrhage.

Results: Repeat spinal angiography revealed a spinal aneurysm that was treated surgically.

BUILDING PHYSICIANS WITH SELF-AWARENESS.

Learn how three training programs used personality assessment - and shared the results with the participants - to assess and facilitate leadership development in orthopedic surgery.

The effects of gold nanoparticles functionalized with ß-amyloid specific peptides on an in vitro model of blood-brain barrier.

We studied the effect of gold nanoparticle (AuNP) size, surface charge, concentration and morphology on the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in a well-established in vitro model set-up. We focused on the effect of peptide functionalized hollow gold nanospheres and gold nanorods, which selectively bind to amyloidogenic β-amyloid structures. These AuNP conjugates have already been successfully tested as photothermal absorbers for potential application in Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapy in an in vitro set-up, but may exhibit a low passage through the BBB due to their overall negative charge.

[Extracorporeal and contact lithotripsy for large ureteral stones].

Expert panels of AUA and EAU defined highly effective approaches to surgical treatment of ureterolithiasis and recommended extracorporeal and contact lithotripsy as the main options. Therapeutic strategy for ureteral stones measuring less than 10 mm is clearly defined and supported by the Russian Society of Urology. At the same time, the views of researchers on the management of large ureteral stones vary.

[Role of angiotensin II receptor type 2 in predicting biochemical recurrence in the treatment of prostate cancer].

Aim: To identify markers for predicting aggressive forms of prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: The study retrospectively evaluated expression of angiotensin II type 2 receptors (AT2-R) in prostate needle biopsy tissue from patients with and without biochemical recurrence after combined hormone and radiation therapy.

Results: The study findings showed that low expression of AT2-R in prostate tissue was associated with a high risk of biochemical recurrence.

[Association of lower urinary tract symptoms and testosterone deficiency in men with type 2 diabetes].

Introduction And Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, as a chronic systemic metabolic disease, is widely spread in the population of middle- aged men. Previously it has been proven the link between the presence of type 2 diabetes and the development of lower urinary tract symptoms in men. At the same time, middle-aged men are characterized by the appearance and progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia.