Long-Term Dietary Consumption of Grapes Affects Kidney Health in C57BL/6J Mice.

Starting at 4 weeks of age, male and female C57BL/6J mice were provided with a semi-synthetic diet for a period of one year and then continued on the semi-synthetic diet with or without grape supplementation for the duration of their lives. During the course of the study, no variation of body weights was noted between the groups. At 2.

Clostridium difficile--a common and costly colitis.

Clostridium difficile infection manifests as a self-limiting diarrhea, protracted colitis, or toxic pseudomembranous colitis. The incidence of C. difficile in a 514-bed community hospital was studied retrospectively; 155 patients of a total 18,262 admitted during 1988 were identified with C.

The lateral approach to the above-knee femoropopliteal bypass.

Functional salvage of the limb was successful in a patient using a lateral approach to the above-knee femoropopliteal bypass. An expanded polytetrafluoroethylene prosthesis was placed in a lateral subcutaneous tunnel. This new technique offers a direct and practical alternative to the classic approaches to the proximal part of the popliteal artery and may be useful when previous scarring, infection or unusual circumstances precludes their use.

Muscle strength and aerobic power--a study of lower-limb disabled males.

The relationship between arm strength and aerobic power (VO2 peak) was examined in 35 lower-limb disabled males. Equations related predicted VO2 peak to simple measurements of isokinetic and/or static strength. Covariance analysis (ANCOVA) showed that after allowance for level of habitual activity and lesion level there was a highly significant relationship between VO2 peak and simple strength measurements (greater for isokinetic than for static data).

Field testing: assessment of physical fitness of disabled adults.

The objectives of this investigation were (i) to develop simple field-test procedures for examining the cardio-respiratory and muscular strength fitness of lower-limb disabled individuals and (ii) to compare fitness levels across disabilities and physical activity levels. Forty-nine disabled adults (42 males and 7 females) were classified according to (i) functional and/or muscular deficit and, (ii) level of habitual physical activity. A forearm ergometer test was used to determine peak oxygen intake (VO2 peak).

Cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength of wheelchair users.

The classification of lower-limb disabilities is commonly based on the site of the spinal cord lesion or the amount of functional muscle. Another important variable in assessing wheelchair users is their ability to carry out the activities of daily living. The cardiorespiratory fitness of those with lower-limb disabilities is usually assessed with arm-ergometry and wheelchair tests, each of which has some advantages.