Level of involvement of four selected cytochrome P450s (CYPs) in pyrethroid-resistant () and across Côte d'Ivoire.

In Côte d'Ivoire, there is a high intensity of pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors which may threaten successful vector control. Molecular studies of the target site mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) show that the gene frequencies of these mutations are high, widely spread across Côte d'Ivoire, and even fixed in some areas. To further characterize insecticide resistance in Côte d'Ivoire beyond target site mutations, the metabolic resistance mechanism was explored.

Temporal trends analysis of emergency obstetric and newborn care availability and readiness index of healthcare facilities in Burkina Faso.

Background: Ensuring healthcare services are equipped to offer; emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC) is crucial for improving the quality of maternal and newborn care in low- and middle-income countries. We assessed the temporal trends of the availability and readiness of the healthcare system to provide EmONC in Burkina Faso.

Methods: We analyzed the data from three national health facilities surveys, conducted in 2014, 2016 and 2018, using the WHO Service Availability and Readiness Assessment tool.

Impact of blood meals taken on ivermectin-treated livestock on survival and egg production of the malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii under laboratory conditions.

Treatment of livestock with endectocides such as ivermectin is viewed as a complementary vector control approach to address residual transmission of malaria. However, efficacy of this treatment may vary between animal species. Hence, our purpose was to investigate the effects of ivermectin treatments of common livestock species on life history traits of the opportunistic malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii.

Assessing the integration of skin screening into a mass drug administration campaign against neglected tropical diseases: A cross-sectional observational study from two districts in Côte d'Ivoire, 2023.

Background: The World Health Organization advocates integrating neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) into common delivery platforms to combat them in resource-constrained settings. However, limited literature exists on the benefits of integration. This study examines the feasibility and impact of adding skin screening to a mass drug administration (MDA) campaign in Côte d'Ivoire.

Trends in and Correlates of Short-Acting Contraceptive Stock-Outs: Multicountry Analysis of Performance Monitoring for Action Agile Platform Data.

Understanding trends in contraceptive stock-outs, as well as their structural and demand-side correlates, is critical for policymakers and program managers to identify strategies to further anticipate, reduce, and prevent stock-outs. We analyzed trends as well as supply- and demand-side correlates of short-acting contraceptive method stock-outs by using data from multiple rounds of Performance Monitoring for Action Agile surveys. These data longitudinally measured contraceptive availability over 2 years (between November 2017 and January 2020) across 2,134 public and private service delivery points (SDPs) from urban areas of 5 countries (Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo [DRC], India, Kenya, and Nigeria).

Efficacy of chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid and piperonyl butoxide-pyrethroid long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) compared to pyrethroid-only LLINs for malaria control in Côte d'Ivoire: a three group, cluster randomised trial.

Background: The massive scale-up of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) has led to a major reduction in malaria burden in many sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently issued a strong recommendation for the use of chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid LLINs compared to standard pyrethroid-only LLINs in areas of high insecticide resistance intensity. However, there is still a lack of conclusive evidence on the efficacy of piperonyl butoxide-pyrethroid (PBO-py) LLINs, especially in West Africa, where vector composition and resistance mechanisms may be different from vectors in East Africa.

Community based integrated wound care: Results of a pilot formative research conducted in Benin and Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa.

Appropriate treatment of chronic wounds is priority in the management of Neglected Tropical Skin Diseases (NTSDs) and non-communicable diseases. We describe an integrated, community-based wound care pilot project carried out in Benin and Cote d'Ivoire that entailed both outreach education and evidence based wound care training for nurses staffing rural clinics. This research was carried out by a transdisciplinary research.

Delays in accessing high-quality care for newborns in East Africa: An analysis of survey data in Malawi, Mozambique, and Tanzania.

Background: Despite the existence of evidence-based interventions, substantial progress in reducing neonatal mortality is lagging, indicating that small and sick newborns (SSNs) are likely not receiving the care they require to survive and thrive. The 'three delays model' provides a framework for understanding the challenges in accessing care for SSNs. However, the extent to which each delay impacts access to care for SSNs is not well understood.

Despite structural identity, ace-1 heterogenous duplication resistance alleles are quite diverse in Anopheles mosquitoes.

Anopheles gambiae s.l. has been the target of intense insecticide treatment since the mid-20th century to try and control malaria.

Maternal interventions to decrease stillbirths and neonatal mortality in Tanzania: evidence from the 2017-18 cross-sectional Tanzania verbal and social autopsy study.

Background: Reduction of Tanzania's neonatal mortality rate has lagged behind that for all under-fives, and perinatal mortality has remained stagnant over the past two decades. We conducted a national verbal and social autopsy (VASA) study to estimate the causes and social determinants of stillbirths and neonatal deaths with the aim of identifying relevant health care and social interventions.

Methods: A VASA interview was conducted of all stillbirths and neonatal deaths in the prior 5 years identified by the 2015-16 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey.

Global malaria predictors at a localized scale.

Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites transmitted by mosquitoes. In 2021, more than 247 million cases of malaria were reported worldwide, with an estimated 619,000 deaths. While malaria incidence has decreased globally in recent decades, some public health gains have plateaued, and many endemic hotspots still face high transmission rates.

Attractive targeted sugar bait: the pyrrole insecticide chlorfenapyr and the anti-malarial pharmaceutical artemether-lumefantrine arrest Plasmodium falciparum development inside wild pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae s.s. mosquitoes.

Background: Attractive targeted sugar bait (ATSB) is a novel approach to vector control, offering an alternative mode of insecticide delivery via the insect alimentary canal, with potential to deliver a variety of compounds new to medical entomology and malaria control. Its potential to control mosquitoes was recently demonstrated in major field trials in Africa. The pyrrole chlorfenapyr is an insecticide new to malaria vector control, and through its unique mode of action-disruption of ATP mediated energy transfer in mitochondria-it may have direct action on energy transfer in the flight muscle cells of mosquitoes.

EaveTubes for control of vector-borne diseases in Côte d'Ivoire: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Vector control tools, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), have significantly contributed to malaria prevention efforts in sub-Saharan Africa. However, insecticide resistance has seriously hampered their efficacy in recent years and new tools are essential to further progress. In2Care® EaveTubes (ETs) are an inexpensive, new resistance-breaking vector control product under World Health Organization (WHO) evaluation informed by mosquito ecology to efficiently target malaria vectors.

Efficacy of a 'lethal house lure' against Culex quinquefasciatus from Bouaké city, Côte d'Ivoire.

Background: Eave tube technology is a novel method of insecticide application that uses an electrostatic coating system to boost insecticide efficacy against resistant mosquitoes. A series of previous experiments showed encouraging insecticidal effects against malaria vectors. This study was undertaken to assess the effects of the eave tube approach on other Culicidae, in particular Culex quinquefasciatus, under laboratory and semi-field conditions.

Hysterectomy following severe primary postpartum hemorrhage: A five year review in Abidjan University Hospitals.

Hemostasis hysterectomy is a mutilating technique responsible for definitive side effect on the woman's fertility. The aim was to document to document hemostasis hysterectomies performed in obstetrics units of university hospitals in Côte d'Ivoire. This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, and descriptive study from January 2013 to January 2018 in the three university hospital centers of Abidjan.

Pediatric maxillofacial and oral traumatological emergencies in the department of stomatology, maxillofacial and plastic surgery of the university hospital of cocody (republic of IVORY COAST).

Introduction: Maxillofacial and oral trauma in children are a frequent reason for consultation in stomatology and maxillofacial surgery.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective study with a descriptive aim, carried out on the basis of an analysis of the physical medical files of cases of maxillofacial and oral trauma admitted to the stomatological emergencies of the university hospital center of cocody over a period of 04 years (January 2016 to December 2019).

Results: The average age of the patients was 7.

Anopheles vector distribution and malaria transmission dynamics in Gbêkê region, central Côte d'Ivoire.

Background: A better understanding of vector distribution and malaria transmission dynamics at a local scale is essential for implementing and evaluating effectiveness of vector control strategies. Through the data gathered in the framework of a cluster randomized controlled trial (CRT) evaluating the In2Care (Wageningen, Netherlands) Eave Tubes strategy, the distribution of the Anopheles vector, their biting behaviour and malaria transmission dynamics were investigated in Gbêkê region, central Côte d'Ivoire.

Methods: From May 2017 to April 2019, adult mosquitoes were collected monthly using human landing catches (HLC) in twenty villages in Gbêkê region.

Estimated protection against COVID-19 based on predicted neutralisation titres from multiple antibody measurements in a longitudinal cohort, France, April 2020 to November 2021.

BackgroundThe risk of SARS-CoV-2 (re-)infection remains present given waning of vaccine-induced and infection-acquired immunity, and ongoing circulation of new variants.AimTo develop a method that predicts virus neutralisation and disease protection based on variant-specific antibody measurements to SARS-CoV-2 antigens.MethodsTo correlate antibody and neutralisation titres, we collected 304 serum samples from individuals with either vaccine-induced or infection-acquired SARS-CoV-2 immunity.

Housing modification for malaria control: impact of a "lethal house lure" intervention on malaria infection prevalence in a cluster randomised control trial in Côte d'Ivoire.

Background: In recent years, the downward trajectory of malaria transmission has slowed and, in some places, reversed. New tools are needed to further reduce malaria transmission. One approach that has received recent attention is a novel house-based intervention comprising window screening (S) and general house repairs to make the house more mosquito proof, together with EaveTubes (ET) that provide an innovative way of targeting mosquitoes with insecticides as they search for human hosts at night.

Countrywide Mortality Surveillance for Action in Mozambique: Results from a National Sample-Based Vital Statistics System for Mortality and Cause of Death.

Sub-Saharan Africa lacks timely, reliable, and accurate national data on mortality and causes of death (CODs). In 2018 Mozambique launched a sample registration system (Countrywide Mortality Surveillance for Action [COMSA]-Mozambique), which collects continuous birth, death, and COD data from 700 randomly selected clusters, a nationally representative population of 828,663 persons. Verbal and social autopsy interviews are conducted for COD determination.

Exploring alternative insecticide delivery options in a "lethal house lure" for malaria vector control.

The In2Care EaveTube is a house modification designed to block and kill malaria mosquitoes using an electrostatic netting treated with insecticide powder. A previous study demonstrated prolonged duration of effective action of insecticide-treated electrostatic netting in a semi-field setting. As part of a cluster randomized controlled trial (CRT) of the EaveTube intervention in Côte d'Ivoire, we investigated the residual efficacy of a pyrethroid insecticide deployed in EaveTubes under village conditions of use.

Entomological monitoring data driving decision-making for appropriate and sustainable malaria vector control in Côte d'Ivoire.

Background: Entomological surveillance provides critical information on vectors for appropriate malaria vector control and strategic decision-making. The widely documented insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in Côte d'Ivoire requires that any vector control intervention deployment be driven by entomological data to optimize its effectiveness and appropriate resource allocations. To achieve this goal, this study documents the results of monthly vector surveillance and insecticide susceptibility tests conducted in 2019 and a review of all previous entomological monitoring data used to guide vector control decision making.