Povalibacter uvarum gen. nov., sp. nov., a polyvinyl-alcohol-degrading bacterium isolated from grapes.

Polyvinyl-alcohol-degrading bacteria were isolated from the fruit of a grape in Yokosuka, Japan. The isolated strain, Zumi 37(T), was a Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, motile, non-spore-forming and strictly aerobic chemo-organotroph, showing optimal growth at pH 7.5, 30 °C and 0.

Parasphingopyxis lamellibrachiae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a marine annelid worm.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile, orange-pigmented, slightly halophilic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain JAMH 0132(T), was isolated from the trophosome of a tubeworm in Kagoshima Bay, Japan, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. The novel strain grew optimally at 28-30 °C and with about 2.0 % (w/v) NaCl.

Ameyamaea chiangmaiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an acetic acid bacterium in the alpha-Proteobacteria.

Two isolates, AC04(T) and AC05, were isolated from the flowers of red ginger collected in Chiang Mai, Thailand. In phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, the two isolates were included within a lineage comprised of the genera Acidomonas, Gluconacetobacter, Asaia, Kozakia, Swaminathania, Neoasaia, Granulibacter, and Tanticharoenia, and they formed an independent cluster along with the type strain of Tanticharoenia sakaeratensis. The calculated pair-wise sequence similarities of isolate AC04(T) were 97.

Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a microcystin-degrading bacterium.

Three strains of bacteria that degrade the cyanobacterial hepatotoxin microcystin, Y2T, MDB2 and MDB3, were isolated from a eutrophic lake, Lake Suwa, and the Tenryu River, Japan, and characterized. These strains were aerobic and chemo-organotrophic and their cells were Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rods, motile by means of single polar flagella. Yellow-pigmented colonies were formed on nutrient agar media.

Polyamine analysis for chemotaxonomy of thermophilic eubacteria: Polyamine distribution profiles within the orders Aquificales, Thermotogales, Thermodesulfobacteriales, Thermales, Thermoanaerobacteriales, Clostridiales and Bacillales.

Cellular polyamines of 45 thermophilic and 8 related mesophilic eubacteria were investigated by HPLC and GC analyses for the thermophilic and chemotaxonomic significance of polyamine distribution profiles. Spermidine and a quaternary branched penta-amine, N4-bis(aminopropyl)norspermidine, were the major polyamine in Thermocrinis, Hydrogenobacter, Hydrogenobaculum, Aquifex, Persephonella, Sulfurihydrogenibium, Hydrogenothermus, Balnearium and Thermovibrio, located in the order Aquificales. Thermodesulfobacterium and Thermodesulfatator belonging to the order Thermodesulfobacteriales contained another quaternary penta-amine, N4-bis(aminopropyl)spermidine.

Distribution of two triamines, spermidine and homospermidine, and an aromatic amine, 2-phenylethylamine, within the phylum Bacteroidetes.

Cellular polyamines of the newly additional 19 species belonging to the class Bacteroides of the phylum Bacteroidetes were analyzed by HPLC to display polyamine distribution as a chemotaxonomic marker within the total 41 species. Three profiles, the presence of spermidine, the presence of homospermidine and the absence of both triamines, corresponded to their phylogenetical positions within the four families of the class. The occurrence of an aromatic amine, 2-phenylethylamine, extracted into cellular polyamine fraction, was also determined within the 121 species distributed within the phylum.

Polyamines of primitive apterygotan insects: springtails, silverfish and a bristletail.

Polyamines extracted from whole bodies of four springtails, Tomocerus ishibashii, Hypogastrura communis, Sinella cruviseta and Folsomia candida, a bristletail, Pedetontus nipponicus, and two silverfish, Lepisma saccharina and Thermobia domestica, were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. All seven apterous insect species contained putrescine, cadaverine and spermidine as the common major polyamines, detected at the level of micromol/g wet mass. T.

Cellular polyamines of the acidophilic, thermophilic and thermoacidophilic archaebacteria, Acidilobus, Ferroplasma, Pyrobaculum, Pyrococcus, Staphylothermus, Thermococcus, Thermodiscus and Vulcanisaeta.

Cellular polyamines of newly isolated acidophilic, thermophilic and thermoacidophilic archaebacteria were investigated for the chemotaxonomic significance of polyamine distribution profiles. In addition to spermidine, spermine and agmatine, a quaternary branched penta-amine, N(4)-bis(aminopropyl)spermidine, was found in thermophilic Thermococcus waiotapuensis, Thermococcus aegaeus and Pyrococcus glycovorans belonging to the order Thermococcales. An acidophilic euryarchaeon, Ferroplasma acidiphilum located in the order Thermoplasmatales, contained spermidine and agmatine.

Production of 2-phenylethylamine by decarboxylation of L-phenylalanine in alkaliphilic Bacillus cohnii.

Cellular polyamine fraction of alkaliphilic Bacillus species was analyzed by HPLC. 2-Phenylethylamine was found selectively and ubiquitously in the five strains belonging to Bacillus cohnii within 27 alkaliphilic Bacillus strains. A large amount of this aromatic amine was produced by the decarboxylation of L-phenylalanine in the bacteria and secreted into the culture medium.

Polyamine distribution patterns within the families Aeromonadaceae, Vibrionaceae, Pasteurellaceae, and Halomonadaceae, and related genera of the gamma subclass of the Proteobacteria.

Polyamines of the four families and the five related genera within the gamma subclass of the class Proteobacteria were analyzed by HPLC with the objective of developing a chemotaxonomic system. The production of putrescine, diaminopropane, cadaverine, and agmatine are not exactly correlated to the phylogenetic genospecies within 36 strains of the genus Aeromonas (the family Aeromonadaceae) lacking in triamines. The occurrence of norspermidine was limited but not ubiquitous within the family Vibrionaceae, including 20 strains of Vibrio, Listonella, Photobacterium, and Salinivibrio.