Background And Purpose: We investigated the effects of aging on the contributions of NO and endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH) to endothelium-dependent relaxation in saphenous arteries of male and female C57BL/6J mice aged 12, 34 and 64 weeks.
Experimental Approach: Vasomotor responses of saphenous arteries were analysed by wire myography in the absence and presence of stimuli of the endothelium, inhibitors of NOS, and inhibitors and stimulants of small (KCa 2.3) and intermediate (KCa 3.
Unlabelled: The hallmark of NAFLD is steatosis of unknown etiology. We tested the effect of a high-protein (HP)(2) diet on diet-induced steatosis in male C57BL/6 mice with and without pre-existing fatty liver. Mice were fed all combinations of semisynthetic low-fat (LF) or high-fat (HF) and low-protein (LP) or HP diets for 3weeks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Insects have evolved a wide range of mechanisms to defend themselves and their offspring against antagonists. One of these strategies involves the utilization of antimicrobial compounds provided by symbiotic bacteria to protect the host or its nutritional resources from pathogens and parasites. In the symbiosis of the solitary digger wasp, Philanthus triangulum (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae), the bacterial symbiont 'Candidatus Streptomyces philanthi' defends the developing larvae against pathogens by producing a mixture of at least nine antimicrobial substances on the cocoon surface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction. Does high-resolution visualization of microcalcifications improve diagnostic reliability? Method. X-rays were taken of mamma specimens with microcalcifications in 32 patients (10 malignant; 22 benign) using conventional radiography (12 Lp/mm) and high-resolution radiography (2000 Lp/mm).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTinnitus is the perception of sound in the absence of a physical sound stimulus. It is thought to arise from aberrant neural activity within central auditory pathways that may be influenced by multiple brain centers, including the somatosensory system. Auditory-somatosensory (bimodal) integration occurs in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN), where electrical activation of somatosensory regions alters pyramidal cell spike timing and rates of sound stimuli.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe compared the effects of exergaming and traditional physical education on physical activity among 4 active children who were not overweight and who had experience with the exergaming activities prior to the study. Results showed that exergaming produced substantially higher percentages of physical activity and opportunity to engage in physical activity. In addition, an evaluation of the exergaming equipment showed that exergaming stations were associated with differential levels of physical activity across participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantification of the physical properties of tissue biopsies and cell-remodeled hydrogels is critical for understanding tissue development and pathophysiological tissue remodeling. However, due to the low modulus, small size, irregular shape, and anisotropy of samples from these materials, accurate viscoelastic characterization using standard rheometric methods is problematic. The goal of this work is to utilize image analysis to extend rotational rheometry to these samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) is the first neural site of bimodal auditory-somatosensory integration. Previous studies have shown that stimulation of somatosensory pathways results in immediate suppression or enhancement of subsequent acoustically evoked discharges. In the unimpaired auditory system suppression predominates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe investigation of brain areas involved in the human execution/observation matching system (EOM) has been limited to restricted motor actions when using common neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). A method which overcomes this limitation is functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). In the present study, we explored the cerebral responses underlying action execution and observation during a complex everyday task.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 1-year retrospective coroner-based forensic examination of causes of death among persons with a history of epilepsy was conducted at the Allegheny County Coroner's Office to evaluate the phenomenon of sudden unexplained/unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), a diagnosis of exclusion. All cases at the Coroner's Office from January 1, 2001 through December 31, 2001, were examined. Review of a total of 1200 autopsied deaths revealed 12 cases with a past medical history of seizure disorder on the death certificate, which listed seizure disorder as the immediate cause of death or contributory cause of the death.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMany every-day life situations require two or more individuals to execute actions together. Assessing brain activation during naturalistic tasks to uncover relevant processes underlying such real-life joint action situations has remained a methodological challenge. In the present study, we introduce a novel joint action paradigm that enables the assessment of brain activation during real-life joint action tasks using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy Design: Cross-sectional survey.
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the authorship, content, and quality of information available to the public on the Internet pertaining to the cervical artificial disc replacement device.
Summary Of Background Data: The Internet is widely used by patients as an educational tool for health care information.
Background Context: Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are a substantial health concern. Kyphoplasty (KP) and vertebroplasty (VP) are vertebral augmentation procedures (VAPs) used to treat VCFs.
Purpose: To compare VP and KP patient demographics and evaluate inpatient and outpatient utilization trends.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol
February 2012
Purpose: The primary objective was to determine the maximum tolerated doses (MTDs) of the combination of bortezomib and temozolomide in patients with solid tumors. The secondary objective was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of bortezomib with and without concurrent hepatic enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants (HEIAs).
Methods: Bortezomib was administered on days 2, 5, 9, and 12; temozolomide on days 1-5 of a 28-day cycle.
The agency facet of extraversion has been hypothesized to be based on individual differences in dopamine activity. Recent work suggests that resting posterior minus frontal electroencephalographic (EEG) slow oscillations (delta, theta) is both consistently associated with extraversion and sensitive to dopamine D2 receptor antagonist-induced changes in dopaminergic activity. Here we examine for the first time the interrelations between polymorphisms of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene (rs1800497 [previously termed TAQ1A], rs1076560, rs1799732 [-141C Ins/Del]), extraversion and resting posterior minus frontal (Pz-Fz) slow oscillations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe investigate the mixing of bidisperse distributions of spherical particles for slowly rotating vanes by pouring smaller beads, diameter d(1), onto a monodisperse bed composed of larger beads, diameter d(0), and monitoring the torque and lift forces. If the mixing beads are too small, d(1)/d(0)<0.05, the drag and lift are unaltered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeterotopic ossification (HO) occurs at a high frequency in severe orthopaedic extremity injuries; however, the etiology of traumatic HO is virtually unknown. Osteogenic progenitor cells have previously been identified within traumatized muscle. Although the signaling mechanisms that lead to this dysregulated differentiation pathway have not been identified, it is assumed that inflammation and fibrosis, which contribute to an osteoinductive environment, are necessary for the development of HO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is one of the most common genetic disorders and may present clinically in a variety of ways. The most common presentation is micronodular cirrhosis with possible associated diabetes. However, HH may also present with cardiac dysfunction and sudden death.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe present the case of a 24-year-old driver who died when a metal pole entered the front windshield, traveled through the victim's neck, and then exited via the back windshield. This case illustrated an unusual penetration injury and the importance of a thorough and complete death scene investigation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn addition to auditory inputs, dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) pyramidal cells in the guinea pig receive and respond to somatosensory inputs and perform multisensory integration. DCN pyramidal cells respond to sounds with characteristic spike-timing patterns that are partially controlled by rapidly inactivating potassium conductances. Deactivating these conductances can modify both spike rate and spike timing of responses to sound.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Forensic Med Pathol
December 2010
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