Effects of preoperative beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, arginine, and glutamine supplementation on cardiac surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Background & Aims: In older patients undergoing cardiac surgery, physical function is a critical determinant of postoperative outcomes. Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation has been shown to promote muscle protein anabolism and inhibit catabolism, thereby preventing muscle weakness. However, its efficacy in older patients undergoing cardiac surgery remains unknown.

Predictors of Activities of Daily Living in Intensive Care Unit Survivors: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis.

Objectives: Increased long-term impairment is common among intensive care unit (ICU) survivors. However, predictors of activities of daily living (ADL) in ICU survivors are poorly understood. We aimed to focus on the trajectory of physical function and explore the clinical variables that affect ADL at hospital discharge.

Impact of Frailty on Postoperative Dysphagia in Patients Undergoing Elective Cardiovascular Surgery.

Background: Postextubation dysphagia (PED) is a serious postoperative complication following cardiovascular surgery that can lead to a worse prognosis. On the other hand, frailty is a prognostic factor in patients who undergo cardiac surgery.

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of frailty status on PED and impact of PED on postoperative complications.

Postoperative dysphagia as a predictor of functional decline and prognosis after undergoing cardiovascular surgery.

Aims: Post-extubation dysphagia (PED), an often overlooked problem, is a common and serious complication associated with mortality and major morbidity after cardiovascular surgery. Dysphagia is considered an age-related disease, and evaluating its long-term effects is a pressing issue with rapidly progressing ageing worldwide. Therefore, we examined the effect of PED on functional status and long-term cardiovascular events in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.

Impact of Oral Health Status on Postoperative Complications and Functional Recovery After Cardiovascular Surgery.

Background: Poor oral health status can lead to a deteriorated level of general health and is common among patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. However, the effect of oral health status on postoperative outcomes in cardiovascular surgery patients remains unclear. Thus, we investigated the effect of preoperative oral health status on postoperative complications and functional recovery after cardiovascular surgery.

Preoperative frailty affects postoperative complications, exercise capacity, and home discharge rates after surgical and transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Assessment of frailty is important for risk stratification among the elderly with severe aortic stenosis (AS) when considering interventions such as surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). However, evidence of the impact of preoperative frailty on short-term postoperative outcomes or functional recovery is limited. This retrospective study included 234 consecutive patients with severe AS who underwent SAVR or TAVR at Kobe University Hospital between Dec 2013 and Dec 2019.

Relationship between oral health and physical frailty in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Background: Oral health is important for maintaining general health and is associated with components of physical frailty among the elderly. Oral health problems are common in hospitalized patients; however, no reports on oral health problems pertain to patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The present study aimed to evaluate the association between oral health and physical frailty in these patients.

Effects of acute-phase multidisciplinary rehabilitation on unplanned readmissions after cardiac surgery.

Objectives: The provision of inpatient programs that reduce the incidence of readmission after cardiac surgery remains challenging. Investigators have focused on multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation (CR) because it reduces the postoperative readmission rate; however, most previous studies used outpatient models (phase II CR). We retrospectively investigated the effect of comprehensive multidisciplinary interventions in the acute inpatient phase (phase I CR) on unplanned hospital readmission.

Efficacy of preoperative amino acid supplements on postoperative physical function and complications in open heart surgery patients: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery often show poor nutritional status, muscle wasting, and sarcopenia, which are reported to affect postoperative functional recovery and incidence of complications. Amino acids are essential in maintaining nutritional status, synthesizing muscle protein, and promoting beneficial energy balance of the heart muscle. β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyric acid (HMB) is a leucine metabolite known to increase muscle protein synthesis and inhibit protein catabolism; it has been used to more effectively support patients with muscle wasting due to wearing diseases.

Impact of delirium on postoperative frailty and long term cardiovascular events after cardiac surgery.

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common and critical complication after cardiac surgery. However, the relationship between POD and postoperative physical frailty and the effect of both on long-term clinical outcomes have not been fully explored.

Objective: We aimed to examine the associations among POD, postoperative frailty, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE).

Preoperative exercise capacity is associated with the prevalence of postoperative delirium in elective cardiac surgery.

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a critical complication that is closely associated with mortality and major morbidity in elective cardiac surgery. The identification of patients at risk for POD is crucial but has not been fully explored.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of the assessment of preoperative exercise capacity for POD.