Scaling and networking a modular photonic quantum computer.

Photonics offers a promising platform for quantum computing, owing to the availability of chip integration for mass-manufacturable modules, fibre optics for networking and room-temperature operation of most components. However, experimental demonstrations are needed of complete integrated systems comprising all basic functionalities for universal and fault-tolerant operation. Here we construct a (sub-performant) scale model of a quantum computer using 35 photonic chips to demonstrate its functionality and feasibility.

Therapeutic effects of platelet-derived extracellular vesicles on viral myocarditis correlate with biomolecular content.

Introduction: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can potently inhibit inflammation yet there is a lack of understanding about the impact of donor characteristics on the efficacy of EVs. The goal of this study was to determine whether the sex and age of donor platelet-derived EVs (PEV) affected their ability to inhibit viral myocarditis.

Methods: PEV, isolated from men and women of all ages, was compared to PEV obtained from women under 50 years of age, which we termed premenopausal PEV (pmPEV).

Sex differences in mitochondrial gene expression during viral myocarditis.

Background: Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle most often caused by viral infections. Sex differences in the immune response during myocarditis have been well described but upstream mechanisms in the heart that might influence sex differences in disease are not completely understood.

Methods: Male and female BALB/c wild type mice received an intraperitoneal injection of heart-passaged coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) or vehicle control.

Similarities and differences in self-reported symptoms and comorbidities between hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorders.

Objectives: Patients with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) and hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD) experience a wide array of symptoms and system disorders. This study aimed to identify whether differences occurred in 115 self-reported symptoms and comorbidities in patients diagnosed with hEDS or HSD.

Methods: In this study we analysed self-reported data from an EDS Clinic intake questionnaire in patients diagnosed with hEDS, HSD or no hypermobile conditions.

Cardiac defects of hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorders: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Defective connective tissue structure may cause individuals with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) or hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD) to develop cardiac defects.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of adult patients treated in the EDS Clinic from November 1, 2019, to June 20, 2022 to identify those with cardiac defects. Echocardiogram data were collected using a data collection service.

Quantum channel correction outperforming direct transmission.

Long-distance optical quantum channels are necessarily lossy, leading to errors in transmitted quantum information, entanglement degradation and, ultimately, poor protocol performance. Quantum states carrying information in the channel can be probabilistically amplified to compensate for loss, but are destroyed when amplification fails. Quantum correction of the channel itself is therefore required, but break-even performance-where arbitrary states can be better transmitted through a corrected channel than an uncorrected one-has so far remained out of reach.

Mutagen sensitivity and risk of second cancer in younger adults with head and neck squamous cell cancer: 15-year results.

Purpose: To evaluate the mutagen sensitivity phenotype on the risk of second primary cancer (SPC) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and to estimate the long-term rate of SPC and the outcome with SPC.

Methods: A survey was made regarding SPC among 124 younger (≤ 50 years) adults with HNSCC who were enrolled in a pretreatment mutagen sensitivity investigation during 1996-2006. Mutagen sensitivity was assessed by exposing lymphocytes to bleomycin in vitro and quantifying the bleomycin-induced chromatid breaks per cell (b/c).

Experimental measurement-device-independent verification of quantum steering.

Bell non-locality between distant quantum systems--that is, joint correlations which violate a Bell inequality--can be verified without trusting the measurement devices used, nor those performing the measurements. This leads to unconditionally secure protocols for quantum information tasks such as cryptographic key distribution. However, complete verification of Bell non-locality requires high detection efficiencies, and is not robust to typical transmission losses over long distances.

Observing the average trajectories of single photons in a two-slit interferometer.

A consequence of the quantum mechanical uncertainty principle is that one may not discuss the path or "trajectory" that a quantum particle takes, because any measurement of position irrevocably disturbs the momentum, and vice versa. Using weak measurements, however, it is possible to operationally define a set of trajectories for an ensemble of quantum particles. We sent single photons emitted by a quantum dot through a double-slit interferometer and reconstructed these trajectories by performing a weak measurement of the photon momentum, postselected according to the result of a strong measurement of photon position in a series of planes.

The effect of six different C18 fatty acids on body fat and energy metabolism in mice.

We studied the effects of five high-fat semi-purified diets varying at a 4% (w/w) level in either stearic, oleic, linoleic, alpha-linolenic, or gamma-linolenic acid on body fat and energy metabolism in BALB/c mice. A diet containing caprylic, capric, lauric, and myristic acid was used as a reference diet and a diet with 4% conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was used as a positive control as it is known to effectively lower body fat in mice. The diets were fed for 35 d.

Dietary conjugated linoleic acids as free fatty acids and triacylglycerols similarly affect body composition and energy balance in mice.

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) as triacylglycerols (TAG) or free fatty acids (FFA) on body composition and energy balance in mice. We fed four groups of 5-wk-old Balb-C mice (n = 9) semipurified diets containing either CLA (0.5 g CLA/100 g of diet) or high oleic sunflower oil (HOSF) in the form of FFA or TAG for 42 d.

[The paleopathologic work of György Huszár and Dénes Schranz].

Dr. György Huszár and Dr. Dénes Schranz, passed away last year.

[Prosthetic rehabilitation of cleft palate patients with fixed partial dentures].

Treatment of cleft palate patients demands a well coordinated work of medical and dental specialists. In spite of the surgical and orthodontic therapy a prosthetic rehabilitation is often necessary because of missing teeth, maxillary hypoplasia, malocclusion and palatal defects. The prosthetic phase begins immediately after the orthodontic treatment.

The decrease in body fat in mice fed conjugated linoleic acid is due to increases in energy expenditure and energy loss in the excreta.

We carried out energy balance studies in four groups of young, growing, 5-wk-old Balb-C mice (n = 12/group) that were either food restricted or nonrestricted and fed high fat diets (38 energy%) with or without 0.93 g/100 g conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) for 39 d. The energy in carcasses, excreta and food was measured in a bomb calorimeter.

[Caries, gingivitis and dental abnormalities in patients with cleft lip and palate].

Oral health was studied in 31 children aged 10-12 years with cleft lip and palate and compared to 31 noncleft controls matched for sex and age. We found a difference in the prevalence and activity of caries with increase in cleft lip and palate patients. The unilateral crossbite and the congenitally missing teeth were more common in cleft palate children and the supernumerary teeth were fewer.

Specificity and reversibility of the training effects on the concentration of Na+,K+-Atpase in foal skeletal muscle.

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether training and detraining affect the Na+,K+-ATPase concentration in horse skeletal muscles, and whether these effects are specific for the muscles involved in the training programme. Twenty-four Dutch Warmblood foals age 7 days were assigned randomly to 3 groups: Box (box-rest without training), Training (box-rest with training: short-sprint) and Pasture (pasture without training). Exercise regimens were carried out for 5 months and were followed by 6 months of detraining.

Prolonged food restriction and mild exercise in Shetland ponies: effects on weight gain, thyroid hormone concentrations and muscle Na(+),K(+)-ATPase.

We determined the effects of food supply and low-intensity training on growth, serum thyroid hormone levels and the Na(+),K(+)-pump concentration in equine skeletal muscle. Twenty-two Shetland ponies were subjected to two different feeding regimes for 2(1/2) years (11 ponies per group): food restriction (body condition score kept at 2) or ad libitum fed (body condition score kept at 8). Five ponies in each group underwent low-intensity training.

High calcium intake lowers apparent digestibility of energy in veal calves.

Veal calves aged 8 weeks were fed iso-energetic amounts of milk replacers with either a low (7.1 g of calcium/kg of air-dry diet) or a high concentration of calcium (11.6 g of calcium/kg of air-dry diet) for a period of 10 weeks.

Age variance of left ventricular diameters in dogs with cardiac disease.

Ventricular size increases during growth, but often due to cardiac disease. This study aims to describe left ventricular dimension interrelations using a representation that is applicable to patients with cardiac disease, and subsequently to statistically study possible age and gender influences in a large population. In retrospect we analyzed echocardiographically obtained diameters of the left ventricle in 442 dogs of various breeds with congenital or acquired heart disease.

[A single central maxillary incisor in the midline as a mild form of holoprosencephaly].

Besides the hypotelorism the mildest form of holoprosencephaly is the solitary incisor. In the case described, the girl had only high palate and torus palatinus, but no other alteration in the midline. One of her brothers had cleft lip and palate, which indicates genetical determination.