Steady-state free precession NMR without Fourier transform: Redefining the capabilities of 19F NMR as a discovery tool.

The 2024 Zurich perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) summit reiterated the urgent need for non-selective analytical approaches for PFC detection. 19F NMR holds great potential, however, sensitivity limitations lead to long analysis times and/or the possibility of not detecting low concentration species. Steady State Free Precession (SSFP) NMR collects the signal in a steady state regime, allowing 100's of acquisitions in the timespan of a single traditional NMR scan.

Models for the marrow: A comprehensive review of AI-based cell classification methods and malignancy detection in bone marrow aspirate smears.

Given the high prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI) research in medicine, the development of deep learning (DL) algorithms based on image recognition, such as the analysis of bone marrow aspirate (BMA) smears, is rapidly increasing in the field of hematology and oncology. The models are trained to identify the optimal regions of the BMA smear for differential cell count and subsequently detect and classify a number of cell types, which can ultimately be utilized for diagnostic purposes. Moreover, AI is capable of identifying genetic mutations phenotypically.

Steady-State Free Precession (SSFP) NMR Spectroscopy for Sensitivity Enhancement in Complex Environmental and Biological Samples Using Both High-Field and Low-Field NMR.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a valuable and complementary tool in environmental research, but it is underutilized due to the cost, size, and maintenance requirements of standard "high-field" NMR spectrometers. "Low-field" NMR spectrometers are a financially and physically accessible alternative, but their lower sensitivity and increased spectral overlap limit the analysis of heterogeneous environmental/biological media, especially with fast-relaxing samples that produce broad, low-intensity spectra. This study therefore investigates the potential of the steady-state free precession (SSFP) experiment to enhance signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of fast-relaxing, complex samples at both high- and low-field.

Slice through the water-Exploring the fundamental challenge of water suppression for benchtop NMR systems.

Benchtop NMR provides improved accessibility in terms of cost, space, and technical expertise. In turn, this encourages new users into the field of NMR spectroscopy. Unfortunately, many interesting samples in education and research, from beer to whole blood, contain significant amounts of water that require suppression in H NMR in order to recover sample information.

Antioxidant activity of an Mg(II) compound containing ferulic acid as a chelator: potential application for active packaging and riboflavin stabilisation.

Foods rich in riboflavin (Rf) are susceptible to degradation due to oxidative processes with the formation of radicals. Herein, we describe the features and stability of an Mg(II) complex containing ferulic acid (fer) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) as chelators: henceforth called Mg(phen)(fer). The electrochemical behavior of Mg(phen)(fer) is pH dependent and results from the stabilisation of the corresponding phenoxyl radical complexation with Mg(II).

Identifying placental metabolic biomarkers of preterm birth using nuclear magnetic resonance of intact tissue samples.

Introduction: Our understanding of the etiology of preterm birth (PTB) is incomplete; however, recent evidence has found a strong association between placental dysfunction and PTB. Altered placental metabolism may precede placental dysfunction and therefore the study of placental metabolic profiles could identify early biomarkers of PTB. In this study, we evaluated the placental metabolome in PTB in intact tissue samples using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and spectral editing.

Suitability of DNN-based vessel segmentation for SIRT planning.

Purpose: The segmentation of the hepatic arteries (HA) is essential for state-of-the-art pre-interventional planning of selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT), a treatment option for malignant tumors in the liver. In SIRT a catheter is placed through the aorta into the tumor-feeding hepatic arteries, injecting small beads filled with radiation emitting material for local radioembolization. In this study, we evaluate the suitability of a deep neural network (DNN) based vessel segmentation for SIRT planning.

Exploring the Potential of Broadband Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Micro-Coil Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for Environmental Research.

With sensitivity being the Achilles' heel of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), the superior mass sensitivity offered by micro-coils can be an excellent choice for tiny, mass limited samples such as eggs and small organisms. Recently, complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-based micro-coil transceivers have been reported and demonstrate excellent mass sensitivity. However, the ability of broadband CMOS micro-coils to study heteronuclei has yet to be investigated, and here their potential is explored within the lens of environmental research.

Dynamics in Liver Stiffness Measurements Predict Outcomes in Advanced Chronic Liver Disease.

Background & Aims: Liver stiffness measurements (LSMs) provide an opportunity to monitor liver disease progression and regression noninvasively. We aimed to determine the prognostic relevance of LSM dynamics over time for liver-related events and death in patients with chronic liver disease.

Methods: Patients with chronic liver disease undergoing 2 or more reliable LSMs at least 180 days apart were included in this retrospective cohort study and stratified at baseline (BL) as nonadvanced chronic liver disease (non-ACLD, BL-LSM < 10 kPa), compensated ACLD (cACLD; BL-LSM ≥ 10 kPa), and decompensated ACLD.

Dynamics of the role of LacMeta laccase in the complete degradation and detoxification of malachite green.

Laccases highlight for xenobiotic bioremediation, as well as application in the fine chemical, textile, biofuel and food industries. In a previous work, we described the preliminary characterization of laccase LacMeta, a promising enzyme for the bioremediation of dyes, able to decolorization malachite green (MG), trypan blue, methylene blue. Here we demonstrate that LacMeta is indeed suitable for the complete degradation and detoxification of MG dye, not just for its discoloration, since some works show false positives due to the formation of colorless intermediates such as leucomalachite.

singlet state filtered nuclear magnetic resonance: towards monitoring toxic responses inside living organisms.

In line with recent paradigm shifts in toxicity testing, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful tool for studying the biological impacts and perturbations caused by toxicants in living organisms. However, despite the excellent molecular insights that can be obtained through this technique, NMR applications are hampered by considerable experimental challenges such as poor line shape and spectral overlap. Here, we demonstrate the application of singlet-filtered NMR to target specific metabolites and facilitate the study of metabolite fluxes in living , an aquatic keystone species and model organism.

Application of time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) for study of the distillation curve of petroleum.

Crude oil distillates are a highly useful industrial product, mainly for energy generation. Unfortunately, they are rarely studied, mainly due to the low accessibility to products directly obtained from the distillation process, which is a laborious, expensive, and time-consuming operation. This work presents and discusses the use of time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) as a simple, affordable, and straightforward tool for the development of correlations supported on the transverse relaxation time (T ) and boiling temperature.

Introducing comprehensive multiphase NMR for the analysis of food: Understanding the hydrothermal treatment of starch-based foods.

Cooking is essential for preparing starch-based food, however thermal treatment promotes the complexation of biopolymers, impacting their final properties. Comprehensive Multiphase (CMP) NMR allows all phases (liquids, gels, and solids) to be differentiated and monitored within intact samples. This study acts as a proof-of-principle to introduce CMP-NMR to food research and demonstrate its application to monitor the various phases in spaghetti, black turtle beans, and white long-grain rice, and how they change during the cooking process.

Improving automatic liver tumor segmentation in late-phase MRI using multi-model training and 3D convolutional neural networks.

Automatic liver tumor segmentation can facilitate the planning of liver interventions. For diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) can yield a higher sensitivity than contrast-enhanced CT. However, most studies on automatic liver lesion segmentation have focused on CT.

Monitoring Stimulated Darkening from UV-C Light on Different Bean Genotypes by NMR Spectroscopy.

The use of UV-C cool white light on bean ( L.) seeds significantly increases the biochemical seed coat post-harvest darkening process, whilst preserving seed germination. The aim of this work consists in monitoring the effect caused by the incidence of UV-C light on different bean genotypes using NMR spectroscopy.

NMR spectroscopy of wastewater: A review, case study, and future potential.

NMR spectroscopy is arguably the most powerful tool for the study of molecular structures and interactions, and is increasingly being applied to environmental research, such as the study of wastewater. With over 97% of the planet's water being saltwater, and two thirds of freshwater being frozen in the ice caps and glaciers, there is a significant need to maintain and reuse the remaining 1%, which is a precious resource, critical to the sustainability of most life on Earth. Sanitation and reutilization of wastewater is an important method of water conservation, especially in arid regions, making the understanding of wastewater itself, and of its treatment processes, a highly relevant area of environmental research.

Xanthate-modified alginates for the removal of Pb(II) and Ni(II) from aqueous solutions: A brief analysis of alginate xanthation.

Mining is the most common activity that introduces heavy metal ions into aquatic ecosystems, especially in low income-developing nations where governments are implementing stricter regulations for industrial wastewater. In this context, this work is focused on the application of xanthate-modified alginates for the removal of Pb(II) and Ni(II) from aqueous solutions. In order to confirm the presence of xanthate groups alongside alginate chains, characterization by second-derivative FT-IR was carried out and significance evidence attributed to xanthate groups was found at around 1062-1079 cm, 829-845 cm and 620-602 cm.

A ubiquitous tire rubber-derived chemical induces acute mortality in coho salmon.

In U.S. Pacific Northwest coho salmon (), stormwater exposure annually causes unexplained acute mortality when adult salmon migrate to urban creeks to reproduce.

[Gd(AAZTA)] Derivatives with n-Alkyl Acid Side Chains Show Improved Properties for Their Application as MRI Contrast Agents*.

Herein, the synthesis and an extensive characterization of two novel Gd(AAZTA) (AAZTA=6-amino-6-methylperhydro-1,4-diazepine tetra acetic acid) derivatives functionalized with short (C and C ) n-alkyl acid functions are reported. The carboxylate functionality is the site for further conjugations for the design of more specific contrast agents (CAs). Interestingly, it has been found that the synthesized complexes display enhanced properties for use as MRI contrast agents on their own.

Understanding the COVID-19 tourist psyche: The Evolutionary Tourism Paradigm.

Studies across the social sciences are making increasing use of an evolutionary perspective. Yet, despite its potential, the application of evolutionary psychology in tourism research is scant. Evolutionary psychology is arguably one of the most useful approaches to understanding the effects of the Coronavirus pandemic on the tourist's psyche.

A straightforward catalytic approach to obtain deuterated chloroform at room temperature.

We report the catalytic activity for the complexes-cis-[RuCl (dppb)(bipy)] (A), and [η -(p-cymene)Ru (dppb)Cl]PF (B), wherein dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphine)butane, and bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine-for the synthesis of CDCl from CHCl using D O as deuterium source. H/D exchange reactions were performed using a chloroform/D O, 1:2 molar ratio, vigorously stirred, at room temperature. One mole of KOH was dissolved in D O fraction and catalytic complexes from 0.