Functional development of small intestine of Japanese quail hatched on MIR orbital station.

The effect of microgravity on functional development of the small intestine of Japanese quails incubated for 2-3 d and hatched on the orbital station MIR was examined. After 5 d of space flight duodenal and jejunal alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity of the experimental group was compared with the AP activity in quails of the same age hatched on the Earth (laboratory controls). Short-term microgravity leading to decreased food intake resulted in significant increase of AP activity in both duodenal and jejunal enterocytes (P<0.

[The effect of a low-protein diet on the epithelium of nephron segments in sheep].

Changes in the epithelium thickness of proximal and distal convoluted tubule of cortex, thin descending limb of Henle loop from inner stripe of outer medulla, thick ascending limb from outer stripe of outer medulla and of collecting duct from inner medulla were investigated in young growing sheep fed a low protein diet (LP). Sheep on LP-diet were given a daily ration with 5.73 g of nitrogen and 6.

[The effect of hypodynamia on striated muscles in Japanese quail].

The effect of hypodynamia during 9, 30, 60 and 90 days on the striated muscle m. gastrocnemius in Japanese quails was studied. We have found different developed dystrophic changes of mitochondria, myofibrils and sarcotubular system.

[The effect of weightlessness on embryonic development of striated muscles in Japanese quail].

In the conditions of gravitationless state, the development of skeletal muscles and myocardium was identical in experimental, synchronous and laboratory control. There were not larger differences between the investigated groups of animals. Myofibrils were in the stage of myofibrillogenesis.

Effect of high- and low-nitrogen diets on cell ultrastructure in the cortical part of the ovine kidney.

The ultrastructure of cells of the renal cortex was studied in two groups of sheep fed a low- and a high-nitrogen diet, respectively. In the low-nitrogen group alterations were detected on the mitochondria. In the cells of the proximal and distal tubules, dilatation of the endoplasmic reticulum as well as vacuolation of the cytoplasm could be observed.

[The micronucleus test in human peripheral lymphocytes].

A new methodology is reported determining the cytogenetic damage in stimulated human peripheral lymphocytes. The methodology is based on the investigation of the frequency of cells with micronuclei utilizing cytochalasin B. The spontaneous frequency of cells with micronuclei in the group of healthy volunteers (9 females and 3 males) of the mean age of 37.

Mutagenicity studies on paracetamol in human volunteers. III. Cytokinesis block micronucleus method.

As paracetamol (PC) affected the frequency of chromosome aberrations and unscheduled DNA synthesis in human volunteers, the genotoxic effects of PC were studied in a group of 12 healthy volunteers (9 females; 3 males, aged 37.8 +/- 8.7 years) using the cytokinesis block micronucleus method in human peripheral lymphocytes.

Mutagenic activity of paracetamol. A study conducted on volunteers.

The mutagenic activity of paracetamol (PC) was studied on a group of healthy persons (3 men, 8 women) after the simultaneous administration of 3 X 1000 mg of PC and an identical dose of PC + 1000 mg of ascorbic acid within a period of 8 hours. Blood sample tests were made at intervals of 0, 24, 72 and 168 hours. A cytogenetic analysis showed that in 24 hours PC had increased the aberrant cell frequency to 2.

Mutagenicity studies on paracetamol in human volunteers. II. Unscheduled DNA synthesis and micronucleus test.

The possible genotoxic effect of paracetamol (PC) was studied in a group of 11 healthy volunteers. PC was administered in the form of tablets 3 x 1000 mg in the course of 8 h. Blood samples and buccal mucosa cells were taken 0, 24, 72 and 168 h after the first administration of the drug.

[Mutagenic activity of paracetamol. A study in volunteers].

Mutagenic activity of paracetamol (PC) was studied in a group of healthy persons (3 men, 8 women) after a simultaneous administration of 3 x 1000 mg of PC and of identical dose of PC + 1000 mg of ascorbic acid within an 8 hr. period. Blood sample tests were made at intervals 0, 24, 72 and 168 hrs.

[The micronuclei detection test in stimulated human peripheral lymphocytes using cytochalasin B].

The authors introduced a technique for assessment of cells with micronuclei in stimulated human peripheral lymphocytes using cytochalasin B (CB technique). The spontaneous level of cells with micronuclei was assessed in an ageing population group. The group comprised fifteen subjects (12 women and 3 men), mean age 79.

Mutagenicity studies on paracetamol in human volunteers. I. Cytogenetic analysis of peripheral lymphocytes and lipid peroxidation in plasma.

The clastogenic activity of paracetamol (PC) was assayed on a group of 11 healthy volunteers. PC was administered in the form of tablets 3 x 1000 mg in the course of 8 h. Blood samples were taken 0, 24, 72 and 168 h after the first application of the drug.

[Study of the submicroscopic structure of striated muscles in Japanese quail under conditions of stress].

An electronmicroscopic study of striated muscles was made in Japanese quail stressed by hypokinesis. During 15-day hypokinesis influencing m. gastrocnemius, small pale vacuoles were found out on some mitochondria.

[The effect of a protein-free diet on the submicroscopic structure of striated muscles in Japanese quail].

The effect of protein-free diet on the striated muscle m. gastrocnemius of Japanese quail was studied in three test groups and the data were compared with a control group. Each test group included three birds.

[Abnormalities of the sperm neck of poultry].

Defects in the structure of the middle piece of poultry spermatozoon were studied by the electron-microscopic method. The defects included loose jointing of the head and falgellum owing to the shallow invagination fossa of the nucleus, and structural and mainly shape alterations of the proximal centriole. These defects existed in spermatozoa with a normal shape of nucleus as well as in those with rounded or otherwise irregularly shaped nuclei.

[Electron microscopic studies of striated muscles of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) obtained from eggs centrifuged during incubation].

Reported in this paper are results obtained from investigations into the effect of hypergravitation on embryogenesis of striped muscles in Japanese quail. Specimens of striped muscles were excised from the birds after hatching and used in the study. The eggs had been centrifuged on zero day as well as on the first and 15th days of incubation.

[The relationship between fermentation and the morphological structure of rumen epithelium in sheep fed pelleted feeds].

Wethers were fed complete granular feed rations including 41.81% of grass hay, 25.28% of barley, 15.

[Electron microscopic and histochemical studies of the transverse striated musculature of birds after long-term hypokinesia].

Electromicroscopical and histochemical studies of the gastrocnemius muscle has been carried out in 4 months old cockerels of the laying hybrid after hypokinesis lasting 15 and 30 days. It was found that restricted movement resulted in dystrophic changes of myofibrils, enlargement of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and oedem of interfibrillar spaces. Histochemical studies revealed focuses of increased activity of non-specific esterase decreased activity of dehydrogenase of lactic acid and a positive reaction of acid phosphatase.

[Electron microscopy study of mitochondria in the transversely striated muscles of birds after experimental hypergravitation].

An electronmicroscopical study has been carried out on the mitochondriae of transversely striated muscles in birds at experimentally induced hypergravitation. In the matrix of some mitochondriae sporadic small light focuses were observed located mainly at the periphery of the organelle. Thereby, however, no greater damage of the outer membranes was seen.