Neurotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles and Non-Linear Development of Adaptive Homeostasis with Age.

For the first time in the world, the behavioral functions of laboratory mammals exposed to silver nanoparticles were studied with regard to age. Silver nanoparticles coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone with a size of 8.7 nm were used in the present research as a potential xenobiotic.

Kinetics of Silver Accumulation in Tissues of Laboratory Mice after Long-Term Oral Administration of Silver Nanoparticles.

Since ancient times, silver has been known for its pronounced bactericidal, antiviral and fungicidal properties. Currently, nanoparticles of this metal are widely used in the food, light and pharmaceutical industries, as well as in medicine. Silver in any form can have a toxic effect not only on pathogens, but also on healthy cells.

Disturbance in Mammalian Cognition Caused by Accumulation of Silver in Brain.

The influence of daily prolonged administration of silver nanoparticles on the cognitive functions of a model mammal was studied. The accumulation of silver in the whole brain and the hippocampus, cerebellum, cortex and residual brain tissue of the mouse was investigated by highly precise and representative neutron activation analysis, and histological studies were conducted. Here, we show that long-term memory impairments were caused by the accumulation of silver nanoparticles in the brain and its subregions, such as the hippocampus, cerebellum and cortex, in a step-like manner by disturbance of hippocampal cell integrity.

[Effect of succinate-containing solution on the level of metabolism during perioperative period in children].

Design: A randomized prospective study.

Patients And Methods: The study included 87 children aged from 5 to 18, ASA I-II. The patients were divided into two groups.

[Haemodynamics during kidney transplantation and general anaesthesia in combination with epidural block and without it in pediatric patients].

Research Objective: To compare haemodynamic effects of general anaesthesia in combination with epidural block and without it during kidney transplantation in Pediatric patients.

Methods: 61 Pediatric patients undergoing kidney transplantation were divided into two groups. General anaesthesia with sevoflurane, propofol, phentanilum and regional ropivacaine epidural block were used in the group 1.

[Pharmacokinetics of fentanyl during sevoflurane based general anesthesia in children].

The research is based on the analysis of 50 cases of anesthesia during reconstructive surgeries in children. The anesthesia was based on inhalation of sevolflurane and injection of fentanyl by the bolus infusion scheme. During the different stages of anesthesia the opioid concentration in plasma was measured.

[Postoperative infusion therapy in children].

The study investigates the influence of Voluven 6% and HAES-steril 10% on the hemodynamics and organism water balance of 40 children from 3 months to 17 years of age, which were divided into two groups according to the type of the administered colloid. It is acquired that infusion of colloids with 1:3 ratio compared to crystalloids in general volume of infused liquids (Voluven 6% in the dose of 5 ml/kg/hour in case of median blood loss of 15% of the total circulating blood volume during two hour long surgery and HAES-steril 10% in the dose of 4 ml/kg/hour in case of the blood loss up to 25% of TCBV) allows to effectively neutralize hemodynamic changes based upon administration of anesthetic agents and intraoperative fluid loss. While administration of Voluven 6% is accompanied by significant, statistically accurate decrease of lower limb impedance, which indicates the increased amount of water in them, HAES-steril 10% administration leads to redistribution of water in the body segments with its predominant significant increase in the torso.

[Effect of volatile inhalational anesthetics on cerebral blood volume and oxygen status in children].

The investigation evaluated the effect of various volatile anesthetics on cerebral blood volume and oxygen status in sick children at the stage of anesthesia induction. Ninety-two children were distributed into 3 groups: Groups 1 (n = 36) and 2 (n = 24) underwent stepwise induction with halothane and enflurane, respectively. Group 3 (n = 32) had vital capacity rapid inhalation induction with sevoflurane.

[Temperature balance and the possibility of its maintenance during general anesthesia in children].

The problems of hypothermia in the perioperative period, which are one of the most important ones in pediatric practice, in babies in particular, are solved, by using a broad spectrum of methods for preventing and correcting the patients' thermal balance. Convection heating systems exercise an on-line control over the baby's thermal regime during a surgical intervention and intensive care. The authors' own experience allows these systems to be recommended for wide practical application in the activities of anesthesiology and intensive care services.