Particulate matter inhalation and the exacerbation of cardiopulmonary toxicity due to metabolic disease.

Particulate matter is a significant public health issue in the United States and globally. Inhalation of particulate matter is associated with a number of systemic and organ-specific adverse health outcomes, with the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems being particularly vulnerable. Certain subpopulations are well-recognized as being more susceptible to inhalation exposures, such as the elderly and those with pre-existing respiratory disease.

A novel experimental workflow to determine the impact of storage parameters on the mass spectrometric profiling and assessment of representative phosphatidylethanolamine lipids in mouse tissues.

Evaluation of signaling lipids is essential for measuring biological processes. There is a lack of experimental data regarding the proper storage of extracts for signaling lipid analysis, potentially impacting the procedures that can lead to accurate and reproducible evaluation. In this study, the importance of pre-analytical conditions for analyzing ion transitions for phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), an abundant signaling phospholipid, was systematically assessed.

Exacerbation of Nanoparticle-Induced Acute Pulmonary Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Metabolic Syndrome.

Nanotechnology has the capacity to revolutionize numerous fields and processes, however, exposure-induced health effects are of concern. The majority of nanoparticle (NP) safety evaluations have been performed utilizing healthy models and have demonstrated the potential for pulmonary toxicity. A growing proportion of individuals suffer diseases that may enhance their susceptibility to exposures.

An Integrative Proteomic/Lipidomic Analysis of the Gold Nanoparticle Biocorona in Healthy and Obese Conditions.

When nanoparticles (NPs) enter a physiological environment, a coating of biomolecules or biocorona (BC) forms on the surface. Formation of the NP-BC is dependent on NP properties, the physiological environment, and time. The BC influences NP properties and biological interactions such as cellular internalization, immune responses, biodistribution, and others, leading to pharmacological and toxicological consequences.

Comparison of silver nanoparticle-induced inflammatory responses between healthy and metabolic syndrome mouse models.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are utilized in surgical implants and medical textiles, thus providing access to the circulation. While research has been conducted primarily in healthy models, AgNP-induced toxicity evaluations in disease conditions are critical, as many individuals have preexisting conditions. Specifically, over 20% of United States adults suffer from metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Biocorona-induced modifications in engineered nanomaterial-cellular interactions impacting biomedical applications.

When nanoparticles (NPs) enter a physiological environment, a complex coating of biomolecules is absorbed onto their surface, known as the biocorona (BC). This coating alters nanomaterial physical properties, modulating cellular viability, internalization, and immune responses. To safely utilize NPs within medical settings, it is necessary to understand the influence of the BC on cellular responses.

toxicity assessment of emitted materials collected during the manufacture of water pipe plastic linings.

US water infrastructure is in need of widespread repair due to age-related deterioration. Currently, the cured-in-place (CIPP) procedure is the most common method for water pipe repair. This method involves the on-site manufacture of a new polymer composite plastic liner within the damaged pipe.

Altered formation of the iron oxide nanoparticle-biocorona due to individual variability and exercise.

Nanoparticles (NPs), introduced into a biological environment, accumulate a coating of biomolecules or biocorona (BC). Although the BC has toxicological and pharmacological consequences, the effects of inter-individual variability and exercise on NP-BC formation are unknown. We hypothesized that NPs incubated in plasma form distinct BCs between individuals, and exercise causes additional intra-individual alterations.

Experimental challenges regarding the in vitro investigation of the nanoparticle-biocorona in disease states.

Toxicological evaluation of nanoparticles (NPs) requires the utilization of in vitro techniques due to their number and diverse properties. Cell culture systems are often lacking in their ability to perform comparative toxicity assessment due to dosimetry issues and capacity to simulate in vivo environments. Upon encountering a physiological environment, NPs become coated with biomolecules forming a biocorona (BC), influencing function, biodistribution, and toxicity.

[Dual-photon densitometry of the lumbar spine. Further experience and findings].

The authors submit further experience with two-photon absorption measurement of the mineral content of the lumbar spine using a NOVO/Lab BMC 22a (Denmark) apparatus. 1. The authors discuss the problem of evaluation of results in postmenopausal women.

[The effect of calcium and vitamin D deficiency in the food on the uptake and retention of 99mTc-methylenediphosphonate and 85Sr in the bones in rats].

The effects of vitamin D-free diet with low Ca content on 24 hours' 99mTc-methylendiphosphonate retention (in the whole body and tibia), long-term the whole body 85Sr retention and 2 hours' 85Sr catchment in epiphysis, metaphysis and diaphysis of femur and tibia in rats (at the same time in certain experiments femur density and weight after incineration were established) were followed. The whole body 99mTc-MDP retention increases significantly as early as the third day of the diet administration, retention in tibia and the whole body is in further 2 experiments increased after 1, 2 and 4 weeks of the diet (density decreases from the first or the second week). The whole body 85Sr retention is significantly increased as early as after 2 days of the diet, the great difference against controls only slowly decreases after discontinuation of low-Ca diet.

[Additional findings on age differences in the blood circulation in rats].

By means of microparticles labelled by radioactive strontium 85Sr (3M, USA) the authors in two experiments established cardiac output and local blood flow through bones and certain other organs and tissues of rats in two distinct age categories (35 and 90 days, 45 and 110 days). The results of both experiments showed 1) significant decrease of blood flow in skull, lumbar vertebrae, distal epiphysis, distal metaphysis and thighbone diaphysis and tibia in older rats of both sexes (proof of previous results with 86Rb), 2) constantly significant decrease of blood flow through a skin sample taken from the ventral side of the trunk and 3) nonconstant increase of blood flow through kidneys of older rats. The causes of observed changes are not known, physiological importance to be supposed particularly as regards the circulatory changes in bones, is also not clear.

[Additional observations on age differences in the blood circulation in rats].

By means of microparticles labelled by radioactive strontium 85Sr (3M, USA) the authors in two experiments established cardiac output and local blood flow through bones and certain other organs and tissues of rats in two distinct age categories (35 and 90 days, 45 and 110 days). The results of both experiments showed 1) significant decrease of blood flow in skull, lumbar vertebrae, distal epiphysis, distal metaphysis and thighbone diaphysis and tibia in older rats of both sexes (proof of previous results with 86Rb), 2) constantly significant decrease of blood flow through a skin sample taken from the ventral side of the trunk and 3) nonconstant increase of blood flow through kidneys of older rats. The causes of observed changes are not known, physiological importance to be supposed particularly as regards the circulatory changes in bones, is also not clear.

[Dual-photon densitometry of the lumbar spine. Basic experience and results].

The principle of assessment of absorption of gamma radiation (single photon radiation, i.e. with one radiation energy) was first applied to assess the content of mineral substances in peripheral bones.

[The effect of age and sex on bone retention of radioactive strontium 85Sr in rats].

Retention of radioactive strontium 85Sr (18,5 kBq i.e. 0.