Is There An "Ideal Instagram Face" for Caucasian Female Influencers? A Cross-Sectional Observational Study of Facial Proportions in 100 Top Beauty Influencers.

Background: In the digital arena, wherein younger generations predominantly spend their time, social media continues to determine what is considered beautiful. Social media, particularly Instagram (Meta, Menlo Park, CA), is becoming a prominent aspect of the plastic surgeon-patient relationship. Therefore, the beauty ideal escalates without any barriers and breaks.

Towards 3D crystal orientation reconstruction using automated crystal orientation mapping transmission electron microscopy (ACOM-TEM).

To relate the internal structure of a volume (crystallite and phase boundaries) to properties (electrical, magnetic, mechanical, thermal), a full 3D reconstruction in combination with in situ testing is desirable. In situ testing allows the crystallographic changes in a material to be followed by tracking and comparing the individual crystals and phases. Standard transmission electron microscopy (TEM) delivers a projection image through the 3D volume of an electron-transparent TEM sample lamella.

Rapid fabrication of solid-state nanopores with high reproducibility over a large area using a helium ion microscope.

The fabrication of solid-state nanopores in an insulating membrane has attracted much attention for biomolecule analysis such as DNA sequencing and detection in recent years. For practical applications and device integration, the challenges include precise size control for sub 10 nm nanopores, excellent repeatability and rapid fabrication over a large area to reduce the cost for mass production. A helium ion beam could provide an effective fabrication approach to produce such solid-state nanopores.

Challenges in quantitative crystallographic characterization of 3D thin films by ACOM-TEM.

Automated crystal orientation mapping for transmission electron microscopy (ACOM-TEM) has become an easy to use method for the investigation of crystalline materials and complements other TEM methods by adding local crystallographic information over large areas. It fills the gap between high resolution electron microscopy and electron back scatter diffraction in terms of spatial resolution. Recent investigations showed that spot diffraction ACOM-TEM is a quantitative method with respect to sample parameters like grain size, twin density, orientation density and others.

Comprehensive analysis of TEM methods for LiFePO/FePO phase mapping: spectroscopic techniques (EFTEM, STEM-EELS) and STEM diffraction techniques (ACOM-TEM).

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used intensively in investigating battery materials, e.g. to obtain phase maps of partially (dis)charged (lithium) iron phosphate (LFP/FP), which is one of the most promising cathode material for next generation lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries.

In situ observation of deformation processes in nanocrystalline face-centered cubic metals.

The atomistic mechanisms active during plastic deformation of nanocrystalline metals are still a subject of controversy. The recently developed approach of combining automated crystal orientation mapping (ACOM) and in situ straining inside a transmission electron microscope was applied to study the deformation of nanocrystalline Pd x Au1- x thin films. This combination enables direct imaging of simultaneously occurring plastic deformation processes in one experiment, such as grain boundary motion, twin activity and grain rotation.

Self-organization of mesoscopic silver wires by electrochemical deposition.

Long, straight mesoscale silver wires have been fabricated from AgNO3 electrolyte via electrodeposition without the help of templates, additives, and surfactants. Although the wire growth speed is very fast due to growth under non-equilibrium conditions, the wire morphology is regular and uniform in diameter. Structural studies reveal that the wires are single-crystalline, with the [112] direction as the growth direction.

Deformation-induced grain growth and twinning in nanocrystalline palladium thin films.

The microstructure and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline Pd films prepared by magnetron sputtering have been investigated as a function of strain. The films were deposited onto polyimide substrates and tested in tensile mode. In order to follow the deformation processes in the material, several samples were strained to defined straining states, up to a maximum engineering strain of 10%, and prepared for post-mortem analysis.

Combination of in situ straining and ACOM TEM: a novel method for analysis of plastic deformation of nanocrystalline metals.

Nanocrystalline metals are expected to exhibit different deformation mechanisms when compared to their coarse grained counterparts because the dislocation storage capacity decreases and the grain boundary mediated processes become more pronounced with decreasing grain size. As a new approach to directly image and quantify the plastic deformation processes in nanocrystalline thin films, a combination of automated crystal orientation mapping in microprobe STEM mode with in situ straining inside a TEM was developed. ACOM-TEM closes the gap between EBSD and BF/DFTEM by providing full orientation maps with nanometer resolution.

Strain relaxation and vacancy creation in thin platinum films.

Synchrotron based combined in situ x-ray diffractometry and reflectometry is used to investigate the role of vacancies for the relaxation of residual stress in thin metallic Pt films. From the experimentally determined relative changes of the lattice parameter a and of the film thickness L the modification of vacancy concentration and residual strain was derived as a function of annealing time at 130 °C. The results indicate that relaxation of strain resulting from compressive stress is accompanied by the creation of vacancies at the free film surface.

Coexistence of behavioural types in an aquatic top predator: a response to resource limitation?

Intra-population variation in behaviour unrelated to sex, size or age exists in a variety of species. The mechanisms behind behavioural diversification have only been partly understood, but density-dependent resource availability may play a crucial role. To explore the potential coexistence of different behavioural types within a natural fish population, we conducted a radio telemetry study, measuring habitat use and swimming activity patterns of pike (Esox lucius), a sit-and-wait predatory fish.

Temperament in bullheads: do laboratory and field explorative behaviour variables correlate?

The relevance of temperament traits for life history strategy or productivity is increasingly acknowledged. Temperament traits are often either observed in captivity or in the wild, but studies combining both observations are very rare. We examine whether exploratory behaviour in the bullhead (Cottus perifretum), assayed under laboratory conditions, predicts this behaviour under field conditions.

Advantages of volunteer-based biodiversity monitoring in Europe.

Without robust and unbiased systems for monitoring, changes in natural systems will remain enigmatic for policy makers, leaving them without a clear idea of the consequences of any environmental policies they might adopt. Generally, biodiversity-monitoring activities are not integrated or evaluated across any large geographic region. The EuMon project conducted the first large-scale evaluation of monitoring practices in Europe through an on-line questionnaire and is reporting on the results of this survey.

Effects of the desensitizing agents Gluma and Hyposen on the tensile bond strength of dentin adhesives.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of two desensitizers (Gluma Desensitizer and Hyposen) on the tensile bond strength of three different dentin adhesives.

Methods: 90 freshly extracted third molars were specially prepared to allow simulation of dentin perfusion. The specimens were divided at random into nine groups: Group AC: Clearfil New Bond/Clearfil Core; Group AX: Xeno III/Tetric Flow; Group AA: AdheSE/Tetric Flow; Group BC: Gluma/Clearfil New Bond/Clearfil Core; Group BX: Gluma/Xeno III/Tetric Flow; Group BA: Gluma/AdheSE/Tetric Flow; Group CC: Hyposen/Clearfil New Bond/Clearfil Core; Group CX: Hyposen/Xeno III/Tetric Flow; Group CA: Hyposen/AdheSE/Tetric Flow.

Clinical effectiveness of a strontium chloride- containing desensitizing agent over 6 months: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Objective: The aim of this multicenter study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a strontium chloride-containing desensitizer, Hyposen (Lege Artis), over 6 months.

Method And Materials: A total of 142 patients with hypersensitivity in 9 dental practices and 2 clinical departments were included in the double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Each patient exhibited at least 2 hypersensitive and caries-free teeth with exposed dentin surfaces.

Accuracy of continuous central venous oxygen saturation monitoring in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Objective: Continuous assessment of central venous oxygen saturation (S(cevox)O(2)) with the CeVOX device (Pulsion Medical Systems, Munich, Germany) was evaluated against central venous oxygen saturation (S(cv)O(2)) determined by co-oximetry.

Methods: In 20 cardiac surgical patients, a CeVOX fiberoptic probe was introduced into a standard central venous catheter placed in the right internal jugular vein and advanced 2-3 cm beyond the catheter tip. After in vivo calibration of the probe, S(cevox)O(2), S(cv)O(2), mixed venous oxygen saturation (S(mv)O(2)) haemoglobin (Hb), body temperature, heart rate, central venous and mean arterial pressure, and cardiac index were assessed simultaneously at 30 min intervals during surgery and at 60 min intervals during recovery in the intensive care unit.

Data mining and visualization for decision support and modeling of public health-care resources.

This paper proposes an innovative use of data mining and visualization techniques for decision support in planning and regional-level management of Slovenian public health-care. Data mining and statistical techniques were used to analyze databases collected by a regional Public Heath Institute. We also studied organizational aspects of public health resources in the selected Celje region with the objective to identify the areas that are atypical in terms of availability and accessibility of public health services for the population.

Orthotopic liver transplantation in a malignant hyperthermia susceptible patient.

We present a patient with hepatitis C and D and hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent preoperative evaluation for orthotopic liver transplantation. In his past medical history, he reported a life-threatening event during tonsillectomy in 1975. Intubation was impossible due to extreme jaw muscle tension, followed by excessive elevation in body temperature, tachycardia, and coma for a few days.

Prediction of depth of sedation and anaesthesia by the Narcotrend EEG monitor.

Background: The Narcotrend (Monitor Technik, Bad Bramstedt, Germany) assesses sedation by automatic classification of EEG signals, using a scale first used for visual evaluation of the EEG. Limited information is available on its value, and only a few studies of the method exist. We set out to study the performance of the Narcotrend during propofol sedation.