Sulforaphane Induces Transient Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated DNA Damage in HeLa Cells.

Sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate found in plants of the Brassicaceae family, possesses antioxidant, apoptosis-inducing, and radiosensitizing effects. As one of the mechanisms of cytotoxicity by SFN, SFN has been suggested to be involved in the induction of DNA damage and inhibition of DNA repair. Recently, we reported on the potency of SFN in inducing single-ended double-strand breaks (DSBs) that are caused by the collision of replication forks with single-strand breaks (SSBs).

Association between prenatal tobacco exposure and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder related characteristics at 6 and 8 years: a birth cohort in Japan.

Objectives: To examine the association between maternal plasma cotinine concentrations during pregnancy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) related characteristics in children.

Design: Prospective birth cohort study from the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health.

Setting: Hokkaido, Japan.

WEE1 Confers Resistance to KRAS Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

KRAS inhibitors sotorasib and adagrasib have been approved for the treatment of KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the efficacy of single-agent treatments is limited, presumably due to multiple resistance mechanisms. To overcome these therapeutic limitations, combination strategies that potentiate the antitumor efficacy of KRAS inhibitors must be developed.

Uncovering Hericenones from the Fruiting Bodies of through Interdisciplinary Collaboration.

is an edible and medicinal mushroom. Previously, we found hericenones C-H from the fruiting bodies and erinacines A-I from the mycelia of the fungus. These compounds stimulated nerve growth factor (NGF) synthesis both and ; some have been suggested to be effective in the prevention and treatment of dementia.

Cell therapy in kidney diseases: advancing treatments for renal regeneration.

Kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), pose a significant global health challenge, with high morbidity and mortality rates driven by rising prevalence of risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension. Current therapeutic strategies are often limited, prompting the exploration of advanced cell therapies as potential solutions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the state of cell therapies in kidney disease, tracing the progression from preclinical studies to clinical applications.

Oral administration of Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium infantis ameliorates cefcapene pivoxil-induced attenuation of anti-programmed cell death protein-1 antibody action in mice.

Gut bacteria play pivotal roles in the antitumor effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, antimicrobial therapy, often necessary for infections in cancer patients, can reduce the efficacy of ICIs. The potential of probiotics to restore ICI efficacy remains uncertain.

Changes in Clinical Features and Severity of COVID-19 with the Emergence of Omicron Variants: A Shift Towards a Common Disease.

Background: The emergence of the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 has significantly altered the clinical features and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Objective: This study aims to evaluate whether the clinical factors that previously predicted COVID-19 remain valid following the emergence of the Omicron variant.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital from April 2022 to March 2023.

Development and validation of the Japanese version of the Public Attitudes Toward Epilepsy (PATE-J) Scale.

Aim: This study aimed to develop and validate a Japanese version of the Public Attitudes Toward Epilepsy (PATE-J) Scale to measure attitudes towards epilepsy among the general Japanese population.

Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional design using an online survey of 537 participants from the general public in Japan, with follow-up surveys at 2 weeks and 3 months. The PATE Scale was translated following standard guidelines and validated by conducting confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the complete data set to assess the original two-factor structure of the PATE Scale.

Whole exome sequencing analysis of a patient with myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase gene fusions with ETV6::LYN fusion gene.

ETV6::LYN fusion gene is recognized as one of the genetic alterations responsible for myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase gene fusions (MLN-TK) according to the 2022 WHO classification. However, the clinical features and pathogenesis of MLN-TK with ETV6::LYN are not well defined because of the rarity of the disease. Here, we report an MLN-TK patient with ETV6::LYN that manifested as myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) with eosinophilia, myelofibrosis, and T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL), which eventually led to acute myeloid leukemia.

Distinct microbiome dysbiosis and epigenetic anomaly in esophageal adenocarcinoma and its underlying Barrett's esophagus.

Interaction between host genotoxic changes and mucosa-associated microbiome (MAM) dysbiosis may have a role in various digestive cancers. We investigated MAM in Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) progression sequence and its association with host genotoxic changes. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed in three different groups of biopsies from nonneoplastic BE from patients without cancer (N, normal group; n = 47) and with EAC (ADJ, adjacent group; n = 27).

Hepatic artery stenting with Viabahn.

Background: The effect of vessel morphology on the technical success and patency of Viabahn stent-grafts in treating postoperative arterial injuries and bleeding (AIB) after hepatopancreatobiliary surgery is not well understood. Difficulties in stent insertion persist despite using stiff guidewires to straighten tortuous vessels. This study aimed to identify vessel morphologies linked to technical success and short-term patency and to explore effective management strategies.

Non-oliguric acute renal failure secondary to a potentially lethal dose of caffeine with acute intoxication: a case report.

Background: Recently, the incidence of caffeine intoxication has been on an upward trend, with severe outcomes. However, acute kidney injury (AKI) resulting from renal pathologies secondary to caffeine intoxication is rare, and the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AKI are unclear.

Case Presentation: A female patient in her 20s ingested an over-the-counter drug containing caffeine.

Association Between the Japanese Version of the Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplantation and Adjustment Disorder in Japanese Patients Using Ventricular Assist Devices as a Bridge to Heart Transplantation.

Objective: Ventricular assist device (VAD) serves as either a bridge to transplantation (BTT) or destination therapy (DT) for end-stage heart failure. In Japan, the extended wait time for heart transplants can make VAD usage for BTT comparable in duration to DT in other countries. Previous studies suggest that while DT patients experience improved quality of life post-VAD implantation, BTT patients often see a decline after two years.

Relevance of oxidative stress for small intestinal injuries induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: A multicenter prospective study.

Several reports revealed that oxidative stress was involved in the mouse model of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs)-induced small intestinal mucosal injuries. Thus, we aimed to investigate in the prospective clinical study, that the relevance of oxidative stress balance in small intestinal mucosal injury in NSAIDs users. We prospectively included 60 patients who had been taking NSAIDs continuously for more than 3 months and exhibited obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (number UMIN 000011775).

Validity of a Web-Based 24-Hour Dietary Recall of Energy and Nutrient Intakes in Japanese Adults.

Recently, web-based dietary assessment tools for the targeted population have been developed and used to estimate the dietary intake level in several epidemiological studies. This study aimed to examine the validity of estimating energy and nutrient intake by the web-based 24 h dietary recall (Web24HR), which we developed for the Japanese population. Overall, 228 adults aged ≥20 years who agreed to participate were included.

Voluntary Swallowing Initiation Difficulty After Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex Damage: A Case Report.

The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex plays a critical role in movement initiation, and damage to this area can impair this function. Here we present the case of an individual who had difficulty with voluntary initiation of liquid swallowing after surgical removal of a glioblastoma from the right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. This individual had no difficulty swallowing solids, perhaps because of the additional external movement triggers (eg, chewing) involved.

The cortical areas processing periodontal ligament nociception in mice.

Objectives: Toothaches are often poorly localized. Although periodontal pain is better localized, it can spread to other areas. Ultimately, the cerebral cortex processes nociception, with somatotopic organization possibly playing a role in localizing the origin.

Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling After Successful Living Donor Kidney Transplantation: The VINTAGE Study.

Background: The impact of kidney transplantation (KT) on left ventricular (LV) remodeling remains poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of KT on LV reverse remodeling, utilizing echocardiographic LV geometric patterns as a key assessment tool.

Methods: In 100 recipients who underwent living KT between 2012 and 2022, we evaluated changes in the distribution of LV geometric patterns (normal geometry, concentric remodeling, eccentric hypertrophy, and concentric hypertrophy) between baseline and 1 year post-transplantation.

Performance improvements of virtual monoenergetic images in photon-counting detector CT compared with dual source dual-energy CT: Fourier-based assessment.

To confirm the performance improvement of virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) for iodine contrast tasks in a clinical photon-counting detector CT (PCD CT) using Fourier-based assessment, compared with those in the latest-generation dual-source dual-energy CT (DECT). A water-filled bath with a diameter of 300 mm, which contains rod-shaped phantoms equivalent to diluted iodine (2 and 12 mg/mL), was scanned using PCD CT and DECT at 15, 7.5, and 3 mGy.

Continuous-flow synthesis of carboxylic acids from alcohols platinum and silicon dioxide-catalyzed hydrogen peroxide oxidation.

A continuous-flow method for the direct oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids is reported, employing hydrogen peroxide (HO) and a platinum (Pt) catalyst within a flow reactor system. This approach allows for precise control over the contact time between the reactants and the catalyst, enabling optimization of reaction conditions. By analyzing the yields of both aldehydes and carboxylic acids as a function of weight hourly space velocity (WHSV), selective synthesis of carboxylic acids was achieved without the formation of corresponding aldehydes.

Effect of calcium ions on the aggregation of highly phosphorylated tau.

Tau is typically an axonal protein, but in neurons of brains affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD), aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau in the somatodendritic compartment causes neuronal death. We have previously demonstrated that tau mRNA is transported within dendrites and undergoes immediate translation and hyperphosphorylation of AD epitopes in response to NMDA receptor stimulation. Although this explains the emergence of hyperphosphorylated tau in dendrites, the relationship between tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation is not well understood.

Conversion surgery after gemcitabine and cisplatin plus durvalumab for advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A case report.

Background: The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy has shown promising results for the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC). Based on the results of the TOPAZ-1 trial, a gemcitabine and cisplatin plus durvalumab (GCD) regimen was recently approved as first-line therapy for patients with advanced BTC. However, post-GCD conversion surgery has not been previously studied.