Immune Suppression by PD-L2 against Spontaneous and Treatment-Related Antitumor Immunity.

Purpose: To evaluate the detailed immunosuppressive role(s) of PD-L2 given that its detailed role(s) remains unclear in PD-1 signal blockade therapy in animal models and humans.

Experimental Design: We generated mouse cell lines harboring various status of PD-L1/PD-L2 and evaluated the tumor growth and phenotypes of tumor-infiltrated lymphocytes using several PD-1 signal blockades in animal models. In humans, the correlation between immune-related gene expression and (encoding PD-L1) or (encoding PD-L2) was investigated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets.

Development of a general-purpose method for cell purification using Cre/loxP-mediated recombination.

A mammalian body is composed of more than 200 different types of cells. The purification of a certain cell type from tissues/organs enables a wide variety of studies. One popular cell purification method is immunological isolation, using antibodies against specific cell surface antigens.