Plasma IL-17A is increased in patients with critical MIS-C and associated to in-hospital mortality.

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare and severe post-COVID-19 complication with multiple phenotypes.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to study inflammatory biomarkers (cytokines and oxidative stress) in critical MIS-C patients and to observe if there is association between these biomarkers and mortality.

Methods: A single-center prospective study enrolled patients with MIS-C (with positive molecular test), aged between 1 month and 18 years of age.

International trends in biliary tract cancer-related mortality, 2000-2022: An observational study of the World Health Organization Mortality Database.

Background And Aims: Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer, and ampullary cancer, exhibit poor prognosis. This study examined temporal trends in mortality due to BTCs and their major subtypes at international, regional, and national levels.

Approach And Results: This observational study used the World Health Organization mortality database.

Trends in adverse effects of medical treatment in Paediatric populations in the United States: A global burden of disease study, 2000-2019.

Background: Adverse effects of medical treatment (AEMT) pose significant risks to paediatric patients. However, the mortality trends associated with AEMT in this population have been unclear.

Objective: We aimed to clarify the trends in the incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and mortality rates of AEMT for children in the US from 2000 to 2019.

Burden of depressive disorders in Vietnam from 1990 to 2019: A secondary analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Depressive disorders are among the leading causes of disability globally. However, information on the burden of depressive disorders in Vietnam is limited. We aimed to analyse the burden of depressive disorders in Vietnam from 1990 to 2019.

Trends in childhood obesity in Japan: A nationwide observational study from 2012 to 2021.

The persistent ascension of childhood obesity on a global scale constitutes a significant quandary. The prevalence of childhood obesity in Japan peaked in the early 2000s and has been reported to have declined since then, but recent data and its trend including the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic era are not available. Moreover, there is a dearth of studies examining the correlation between the trend in childhood obesity and exercise habits over the past decade.

International Trends in Adverse Drug Event-Related Mortality from 2001 to 2019: An Analysis of the World Health Organization Mortality Database from 54 Countries.

Background And Objective: Adverse drug events (ADEs) are becoming a significant public health issue. However, reports on ADE-related mortality are limited to national-level evaluations. Therefore, we aimed to reveal overall trends in ADE-related mortality across the 21st century on an international level.

Trends in Head and Neck Cancer Mortality from 1999 to 2019 in Japan: An Observational Analysis.

Globally, the numbers of head and neck cancer (HNC) cases and related deaths have recently increased. In Japan, few studies have examined crude or age-adjusted HNC mortality rates. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the trends in crude and age-adjusted mortality rates for HNC per million individuals in Japan from 1999 to 2019.

Effect of a mobile app chatbot and an interactive small-group webinar on COVID-19 vaccine intention and confidence in Japan: a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: We investigated the effect of social media-based interventions on COVID-19 vaccine intention (VI) and confidence in Japan.

Methods: We conducted a three-arm randomised controlled trial between 5 November 2021 and 9 January 2022 during a low incidence (<1000/day) of COVID-19 in Japan in the midst of the second and the third waves. Japanese citizens aged ≥20 who had not received any COVID-19 vaccine and did not intend to be vaccinated were randomly assigned to one of the following three groups: (1) a control group, (2) a group using a mobile app chatbot providing information on COVID-19 vaccines and (3) a group using interactive webinars with health professionals.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus-associated Immune Complex Kidney Disease Progressing to End-stage Kidney Disease.

A 58-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presented with a week-long history of gross hematuria, nephrotic proteinuria, and acute kidney injury. The patient was non-adherent with combination antiretroviral therapy. A kidney biopsy showed cellular crescents with disruption of Bowman's capsule, C3-dominant immune complex deposition, consistent with HIV-associated immune complex kidney disease (HIVICK).

Corowa-kun: A messenger app chatbot delivers COVID-19 vaccine information, Japan 2021.

Background: There is a long history in Japan of public concerns about vaccine adverse events. Few studies have assessed how mobile messenger apps affect COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

Methods: Corowa-kun, a free chatbot, was created on February 6, 2021 in LINE, the most popular messenger app in Japan.

Trends in places and causes of death among centenarians in Japan from 2006 to 2016.

Aim: Amid the global aging, an establishment of healthcare policies for the aged population is a common issue to be addressed. However, few studies on centenarians have reported place and cause of death (PoD and CoD, respectively) as indicators of end-of-life care quality. This study aimed to analyze trends in PoD and CoD among centenarians in Japan.

Late-Onset Hypogonadism in a Male Patient with Long COVID Diagnosed by Exclusion of ME/CFS.

After the acute phase of COVID-19, some patients have been reported to have persistent symptoms including general fatigue. We have established a COVID-19 aftercare clinic (CAC) to provide care for an increasing number of these patients. Here, we report the case of a 36-year-old man who developed post-COVID fatigue after acute infection with SARS-CoV-2.

Trends in sarcoidosis mortality rate in Japan from 2001 to 2020: A population-based study.

Background: The sarcoidosis mortality rate has increased over the years, which contributes to the health care burden. Although epidemiological studies of sarcoidosis mortality in aging societies are essential, none have been published since 1989 in Japan.

Methods: We aimed to investigate the trends in crude and age-adjusted sarcoidosis-associated mortality rates per 1,000,000 population in Japan from 2001 to 2020 using national death certificate data among older adults aged over 50 years.

Trends in the amyloidosis mortality rate in Japan: A nationwide observational study from 1998 to 2019.

Aim: Despite the increasing attention that has been paid to amyloidosis in recent years, there have been few reports on amyloidosis mortality and its trends worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the trends in crude and age-adjusted amyloidosis-associated mortality rates in Japan from 1998 to 2019.

Methods: We used national Vital Statistics data among older adults aged over 50 years.

Population-Based Observational Study of Adverse Drug Event-Related Mortality in the Super-Aged Society of Japan.

Introduction: Adverse drug events (ADEs) are a major cause of mortality.

Objective: We examined long-term trends for ADE-related deaths in Japan.

Methods: This observational study was conducted using the Japanese Vital Statistics from 1999 to 2016.

Ectopic hyperparathyroidism due to an auto-transplanted parathyroid gland.

Hyperparathyroidism due to the autografted parathyroid gland should be suspected in patients who undergone parathyroid auto-transplantation.

A nationwide trend analysis in the incidence and mortality of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Japan between 2005 and 2014.

In the era of hyper-ageing, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) can become more prevalent as an important cause of dementia. This study aimed to evaluate the trends in crude and age-adjusted CJD-associated mortality and incidence rates in Japan using national vital statistics data on CJD-associated deaths among individuals aged over 50 years, as well as the government-funded nationwide CJD surveillance data (pertaining to the years 2005-2014) in Japan. The data were analysed using the Joinpoint Regression Program to estimate the long-term trends and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs).

Trends in the Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease Mortality Rate in Japan: A Nationwide Observational Study, 1997-2016.

Background: The incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections has been increasing worldwide, becoming a significant healthcare burden especially among elderly people. This study aimed to evaluate the trends in NTM-associated mortality in Japan.

Methods: This study used vital statistics data and data on all NTM-associated deaths (N = 18 814) among individuals aged ≥40 years in Japan from 1997 to 2016.

Coronary Spastic Angina Induced by Adrenal Insufficiency.

Adrenal insufficiency patients are treated with glucocorticoid replacement therapy. However, mimicking the in vivo circadian rhythm of cortisol levels is challenging, and suboptimal replacement increases the risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease. We herein report a case of coronary spastic angina (CSA) with simultaneous low early-morning serum cortisol levels in a patient undergoing corticosteroid replacement therapy for primary adrenal insufficiency.

A rare case of oncocytic adrenocortical carcinoma clinically presented as an incidentaloma.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare aggressive tumor originating from adrenocortical parenchymal cells and its incidence is approximately 1 per million population per year. An oncocytic ACC is a recently identified entity among the several known histopathological variants of ACC, which is characterized by oncocytic cells, and only a few cases in the available literature have reported this tumor. In contrast to conventional ACCs, oncocytic ACCs usually manifest as solitary lesions presenting in adults without any sex predilection.

Calciphylaxis of the fingers.

A 69-year-old Japanese man with a 10-year history of hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease presented with painful necrosis of the fingers of his right hand. A plain radiograph of the right hand revealed severely calcified arteries, particularly in the ring finger, suggesting the diagnosis of calciphylaxis of the fingers.