Seven tesla knee MRI T2*-mapping detects intrasubstance meniscus degeneration in patients with posterior root tears.

Background: Medial meniscus root tears often lead to knee osteoarthritis. The extent of meniscal tissue changes beyond the localized root tear is unknown.

Purpose: To evaluate if 7 Tesla 3D T2*-mapping can detect intrasubstance meniscal degeneration in patients with arthroscopically verified medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs), and assess if tissue changes extend beyond the immediate site of the posterior root tear detected on surface examination by arthroscopy.

Impact of geographical cohorting, multidisciplinary rounding and incremental case management support on hospital length of stay and readmission rates: a propensity weighted analysis.

Hospital length of stay (LOS) in the USA has been increasing since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, with numerous negative outcomes, including decreased quality of care, worsened patient satisfaction and negative financial impacts on hospitals. While many proposed factors contributing to prolonged LOS are challenging to modify, poor coordination of care and communication among clinical teams can be improved.Geographical cohorting of provider teams, patients and other clinical staff is proposed as a solution to prolonged LOS and readmissions.

Patients' experiences with early rehabilitation in intensive care units: A qualitative study about aspects that influence their participation.

Aim: To explore patients' experiences with early rehabilitation in the intensive care unit and what they perceive to influence their participation.

Design: A qualitative design anchored in phenomenological and hermeneutical traditions utilizing in-depth interviews.

Methods: Thirteen patients were interviewed from 5 to 29 weeks following discharge from three units, in January-December 2022.

The diverse invitations to participate in early rehabilitation - A qualitative study of nurse-patient interactions in the intensive care unit.

Objectives: To gain insight into the interaction between nurses and patients in early rehabilitation and the role of patient participation in this context.

Research Design And Setting: A qualitative study with a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach was conducted in two units/hospitals from January 2022 to January 2023, utilizing observations and video recordings of eight nurse/patient dyads combined with post observation interviews with the nurses. The study was analysed by systematic text condensation and video analysis, informed by interaction theory.

First Observation of Cyclotron Radiation from MeV-Scale e^{±} following Nuclear β Decay.

We present an apparatus for detection of cyclotron radiation yielding a frequency-based β^{±} kinetic energy determination in the 5 keV to 2.1 MeV range, characteristic of nuclear β decays. The cyclotron frequency of the radiating β particles in a magnetic field is used to determine the β energy precisely.

The effect of exercise and physical activity-interventions on step count and intensity level in individuals with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Reduced physical activity is a worldwide challenge in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify devise-measured effects of physical activity, exercise and physiotherapy-interventions on step count and intensity level of physical activity in individuals with MS.

Methods: A systematic search of the databases of PubMed (including Medline), Scopus, CINHAL and Web of Science was carried out to retrieve studies published in the English language from the inception to the first of May 2023.

Inpatient pharmacists using a readmission risk model in supporting discharge medication reconciliation to reduce unplanned hospital readmissions: a quality improvement intervention.

Introduction: Reducing unplanned hospital readmissions is an important priority for all hospitals and health systems. Hospital discharge can be complicated by discrepancies in the medication reconciliation and/or prescribing processes. Clinical pharmacist involvement in the medication reconciliation process at discharge can help prevent these discrepancies and possibly reduce unplanned hospital readmissions.

Structural Basis for Finding OG Lesions and Avoiding Undamaged G by the DNA Glycosylase MutY.

The adenine glycosylase MutY selectively initiates repair of OG:A lesions and, by comparison, avoids G:A mispairs. The ability to distinguish these closely related substrates relies on the C-terminal domain of MutY, which structurally resembles MutT. To understand the mechanism for substrate specificity, we crystallized MutY in complex with DNA containing G across from the high-affinity azaribose transition state analogue.

Effect of Vitamin D on Thyroid Autoimmunity: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial Among Ethnic Minorities.

Context: Autoimmune thyroid disorders have been linked to vitamin D deficiency, but an effect of vitamin D supplementation is not established.

Objective: Our objective was to test whether vitamin D compared with placebo could reduce thyroid autoantibodies.

Design: Predefined additional analyses from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Vitamin D levels during pregnancy and associations with birth weight and body composition of the newborn: a longitudinal multiethnic population-based study.

We investigated associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in pregnancy and birth weight and other neonatal anthropometric measures. The present study was a population-based, multiethnic cohort study of 719 pregnant women (59 % ethnic minorities) in Oslo, Norway, delivering a singleton neonate at term and with birth weight measurements. In a representative sample, anthropometric measurements were taken.

Scientific motivations and criteria to consider updating EFSA scientific assessments.

EFSA is committed to assess and communicate the risks occurring in the food and feed chain from farm to fork and to provide other forms of scientific advice. This work, carried out by EFSA since its inception, has resulted in the adoption of thousands of scientific assessments. EFSA is obliged to re-assess past assessments in specific regulatory contexts such as those on food and feed additives, active substances in plant protection products and genetically modified food and feed.

Update: use of the benchmark dose approach in risk assessment.

The Scientific Committee (SC) reconfirms that the benchmark dose (BMD) approach is a scientifically more advanced method compared to the NOAEL approach for deriving a Reference Point (RP). Most of the modifications made to the SC guidance of 2009 concern the section providing guidance on how to apply the BMD approach. Model averaging is recommended as the preferred method for calculating the BMD confidence interval, while acknowledging that the respective tools are still under development and may not be easily accessible to all.

Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on iron status: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among ethnic minorities living in Norway.

Background: Both vitamin D and iron deficiencies are widespread globally, and a relationship between these deficiencies has been suggested. However, there is a paucity of randomised controlled trials assessing the effect of vitamin D supplementation on iron status.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate whether 16 weeks of daily vitamin D3 supplementation had an effect on serum ferritin, haemoglobin, serum iron and transferrin saturation.

Vitamin D deficiency and supplementation in pregnancy in a multiethnic population-based cohort.

Background: To investigate ethnic differences in vitamin D levels during pregnancy, assess risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and explore the effect of vitamin D supplementation in women with deficiency in early pregnancy.

Methods: This is a population-based, multiethnic cohort study of pregnant women attending Child Health Clinics for antenatal care in Oslo, Norway. Serum-25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was measured in 748 pregnant women (59% ethnic minorities) at gestational weeks (GW) 15 (SD:3.

Effect of vitamin D-supplementation on bone markers (serum P1NP and CTX): A randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled trial among healthy immigrants living in Norway.

Objective: Vitamin D is essential for the maintenance of calcium homeostasis and bone mineralization; and low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25-(OH)D) concentrations are associated with increased bone turnover. However, there is a lack of randomized controlled trials that have investigated the effect of vitamin D treatment on bone turnover in immigrant populations. We aimed to investigate the effect of 16-week daily vitamin D supplementation on bone formation marker serum procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and bone resorption marker C-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX).

Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fructosamine, serum lipids, and body mass index: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial among healthy immigrants living in Norway.

Objective: Despite the suggested role of vitamin D in the prevention of diabetes and cardiovascular disease or its risk factors, the evidence is not consistent and there is a paucity of randomized controlled trials in this field. We aimed to investigate the effect of 16-week daily vitamin D3 supplementation on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fructosamine, body mass index (BMI), and serum lipids.

Design: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Effect of vitamin D on musculoskeletal pain and headache: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among adult ethnic minorities in Norway.

Immigrants from South Asia, the Middle East, and Africa living in Northern Europe frequently have low vitamin D levels and more pain compared to the native Western population. The aim of this study was to examine whether daily vitamin D3 (25 μg/d or 10 μg/d) supplementation for 16 weeks would improve musculoskeletal pain or headache compared to placebo. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial recruited 251 participants aged 18 to 50 years, and 215 (86%) attended the follow-up visit.

Does vitamin D improve muscle strength in adults? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among ethnic minorities in Norway.

Context: The effect of vitamin D on muscle strength in adults is not established.

Objective: Our objective was to test whether vitamin D supplementation increases muscle strength and power compared with placebo.

Design: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Vitamin D status in recently arrived immigrants from Africa and Asia: a cross-sectional study from Norway of children, adolescents and adults.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D) <50 nmol/L among recently arrived immigrants from Africa and Asia in Oslo, and to explore 25(OH)D levels according to origin, gender and age.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting: Primary healthcare unit in Oslo, Norway, offering family immigrants, asylum seekers, United Nations (UN) refugees or individuals granted asylum a free medical examination on arrival.

Impurity sublattice localization in ZnO revealed by Li marker diffusion.

Sublattice localization of impurities in compound semiconductors, e.g., ZnO, determines their electronic and optical action.

Metabolism of the active metabolite of quetiapine, N-desalkylquetiapine in vitro.

The antipsychotic drug quetiapine has been approved for the treatment of unipolar and bipolar depression. The antidepressant activity is considered to be mediated by the active metabolite N-desalkylquetiapine, which is mainly formed by CYP3A4. Little is known about the subsequent elimination of this metabolite.

Vitamin D status in patients with musculoskeletal pain, fatigue and headache: a cross-sectional descriptive study in a multi-ethnic general practice in Norway.

Objective: To investigate vitamin D levels in patients with non-specific musculoskeletal pain, headache, and fatigue.

Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study.

Setting: A health center in Oslo, Norway, with a multi-ethnic population.

Chirped coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering as a high-spectral- and spatial-resolution microscopy.

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy is a promising tool for chemically selective imaging based on molecular vibrations. While CARS is currently used as a biological imaging tool, many variations are still being developed, perhaps the most important being multiplex CARS microscopy. Multiplex CARS has the advantage of comparing images based on different molecular vibrations without changing the excitation wavelengths.

Multiple exciton generation in colloidal silicon nanocrystals.

Multiple exciton generation (MEG) is a process whereby multiple electron-hole pairs, or excitons, are produced upon absorption of a single photon in semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) and represents a promising route to increased solar conversion efficiencies in single-junction photovoltaic cells. We report for the first time MEG yields in colloidal Si NCs using ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. We find the threshold photon energy for MEG in 9.

Photoinduced charge carrier generation in a poly(3-hexylthiophene) and methanofullerene bulk heterojunction investigated by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy.

We report on the ultrafast photoinduced charge separation processes in varying compositions of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) blended with the electron acceptor [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). Through the use of time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy, the time- and frequency-dependent complex photoconductivity is measured for samples with PCBM weight fractions (WPCBM) of 0, 0.2, 0.