Daily COVID-19 symptom assessment over 28 days - findings from a daily direct-to-patient registry of COVID-19 positive patients.

In January 2021, 999 COVID-19 positive adults in the US enrolled in an online, direct-to-patient registry to describe daily symptom severity and progression over 28 days. The most commonly reported and persistent symptoms were fatigue, headache, decreased sense of taste, decreased sense of smell, and cough. Fast resolving symptoms included gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and those related to fever and chills.

Cognitive and other neuropsychiatric symptoms in COVID-19: analysis of person-generated longitudinal health data from a community-based registry.

Objective: To describe cognitive symptoms in people not hospitalised at study enrolment for SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated demographics, medical history, other neuropsychiatric symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Design: Longitudinal observational study.

Setting: Direct-to-participant registry with community-based recruitment via email and social media including Google, Facebook and Reddit, targeting adult US residents.

COVID-19 Vaccinations in Pregnancy: Comparative Evaluation of Acute Side Effects and Self-Reported Impact on Quality of Life between Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women in the United States.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the acute side effects experienced by pregnant women who received a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine in the United States and to compare their experience to nonpregnant women of similar age.

Study Design: Adults who received a COVID-19 vaccine in the United States were invited via social media to enroll in an online, longitudinal, community-based registry ( www.helpstopCOVID19.

The Societal Cost of Excessive Drinking in North Carolina, 2017.

Excessive drinking, including binge and heavy drinking, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in North Carolina. In 2010, excessive drinking cost North Carolina $7.03 billion, and this analysis aimed to update this figure for 2017.

Remote research on locomotion interfaces for virtual reality: Replication of a lab-based study on teleporting interfaces.

The wide availability of consumer-oriented virtual reality (VR) equipment has enabled researchers to recruit existing VR owners to participate remotely using their own equipment. Yet, there are many differences between lab environments and home environments, as well as differences between participant samples recruited for lab studies and remote studies. This paper replicates a lab-based experiment on VR locomotion interfaces using a remote sample.

Characteristics of an Outbreak of E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury-North Carolina, 2019.

In August 2019, the North Carolina Division of Public Health (NCDPH) began investigating e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) cases as part of a national response. We describe clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory findings of North Carolina EVALI patients. NCDPH requested that physicians report cases of respiratory illness or bilateral pulmonary infiltrates or opacities in patients who reported using e-cigarette, or vaping, products and had no infection or alternative plausible diagnoses.

Chia seeds as a potential cognitive booster in the APP23 Alzheimer's disease model.

Glucose hypometabolism potentially contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and might even represent an underlying mechanism. Here, we investigate the relationship of diet-induced metabolic stress and AD as well as the therapeutic potential of chia seeds as a modulator of glucose metabolism in the APP23 mouse model. 4-6 (pre-plaque stage, PRE) and 28-32 (advanced-plaque stage, ADV) weeks old APP23 and wild type mice received pretreatment for 12 weeks with either sucrose-rich (SRD) or control diet, followed by 8 weeks of chia seed supplementation.

Global malnutrition overlaps with pollinator-dependent micronutrient production.

Pollinators contribute around 10% of the economic value of crop production globally, but the contribution of these pollinators to human nutrition is potentially much higher. Crops vary in the degree to which they benefit from pollinators, and many of the most pollinator-dependent crops are also among the richest in micronutrients essential to human health. This study examines regional differences in the pollinator dependence of crop micronutrient content and reveals overlaps between this dependency and the severity of micronutrient deficiency in people around the world.

Trial-by-trial estimation of amplitude and latency variability in neuronal spike trains.

The rate function underlying single-trial spike trains can vary from trial to trial. We propose to estimate the amplitude and latency variability in single-trial neuronal spike trains on a trial-by-trial basis. The firing rate over a trial is modeled by a family of rate profiles with trial-invariant waveform and trial-dependent amplitude scaling factors and latency shifts.

Stochastic modeling of neurobiological time series: power, coherence, Granger causality, and separation of evoked responses from ongoing activity.

In this article we consider the stochastic modeling of neurobiological time series from cognitive experiments. Our starting point is the variable-signal-plus-ongoing-activity model. From this model a differentially variable component analysis strategy is developed from a Bayesian perspective to estimate event-related signals on a single trial basis.

Differentially variable component analysis: Identifying multiple evoked components using trial-to-trial variability.

Electric potentials and magnetic fields generated by ensembles of synchronously active neurons, either spontaneously or in response to external stimuli, provide information essential to understanding the processes underlying cognitive and sensorimotor activity. Interpreting recordings of these potentials and fields is difficult because detectors record signals simultaneously generated by various regions throughout the brain. We introduce a novel approach to this problem, the differentially variable component analysis (dVCA) algorithm, which relies on trial-to-trial variability in response amplitude and latency to identify multiple components.

An oscillatory hierarchy controlling neuronal excitability and stimulus processing in the auditory cortex.

EEG oscillations are hypothesized to reflect cyclical variations in the neuronal excitability, with particular frequency bands reflecting differing spatial scales of brain operation. However, despite decades of clinical and scientific investigation, there is no unifying theory of EEG organization, and the role of ongoing activity in sensory processing remains controversial. This study analyzed laminar profiles of synaptic activity [current source density CSD] and multiunit activity (MUA), both spontaneous and stimulus-driven, in primary auditory cortex of awake macaque monkeys.

Neural dynamics and the fundamental mechanisms of event-related brain potentials.

Event-related potentials (ERPs) provide a critical link between the hemodynamic response, as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging, and the dynamics of the underlying neuronal activity. Single-trial ERP recordings capture the oscillatory activity that are hypothesized to underlie both communication between brain regions and amplified processing of behaviorally relevant stimuli. However, precise interpretations of ERPs are precluded by uncertainty about their neural mechanisms.

Hippocampal structural asymmetry in unsuccessful psychopaths.

Background: Structural and functional hippocampal abnormalities have been previously reported in institutionalized psychopathic and aggressive populations. This study assessed whether prior findings of a right greater than left (R > L) functional asymmetry in caught violent offenders generalize to the structural domain in unsuccessful, caught psychopaths.

Methods: Left and right hippocampal volumes were assessed using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 23 control subjects, 16 unsuccessful psychopaths, and 12 successful (uncaught) community psychopaths and transformed into standardized space.

Estimation of single-trial multicomponent ERPs: differentially variable component analysis (dVCA).

A Bayesian inference framework for estimating the parameters of single-trial, multicomponent, event-related potentials is presented. Single-trial recordings are modeled as the linear combination of ongoing activity and multicomponent waveforms that are relatively phase-locked to certain sensory or motor events. Each component is assumed to have a trial-invariant waveform with trial-dependent amplitude scaling factors and latency shifts.

Intelligent machines in the twenty-first century: foundations of inference and inquiry.

The last century saw the application of Boolean algebra to the construction of computing machines, which work by applying logical transformations to information contained in their memory. The development of information theory and the generalization of Boolean algebra to Bayesian inference have enabled these computing machines, in the last quarter of the twentieth century, to be endowed with the ability to learn by making inferences from data. This revolution is just beginning as new computational techniques continue to make difficult problems more accessible.

Motion correction in MRI using an apparatus for dynamic angular position tracking (ADAPT).

Motion during MRI examinations is a serious problem that degrades the quality of the data (images) acquired. Motion can be corrected during the postprocessing of the data; however, this approach is suboptimal and is typically limited to in-plane or translational motion. An apparatus for dynamic angular position tracking (ADAPT) for prospective angular motion correction has been developed.

Trial-to-trial variability of cortical evoked responses: implications for the analysis of functional connectivity.

Objectives: The time series of single trial cortical evoked potentials typically have a random appearance, and their trial-to-trial variability is commonly explained by a model in which random ongoing background noise activity is linearly combined with a stereotyped evoked response. In this paper, we demonstrate that more realistic models, incorporating amplitude and latency variability of the evoked response itself, can explain statistical properties of cortical potentials that have often been attributed to stimulus-related changes in functional connectivity or other intrinsic neural parameters.

Methods: Implications of trial-to-trial evoked potential variability for variance, power spectrum, and interdependence measures like cross-correlation and spectral coherence, are first derived analytically.

Neuropsychological correlates of hippocampal volumes in patients experiencing a first episode of schizophrenia.

Objective: Despite evidence for hippocampal structural abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia, their functional correlates remain largely unknown. This study investigated the neuropsychological correlates of hippocampal volume in 43 men and 32 women experiencing a first episode of schizophrenia.

Method: Posterior and anterior hippocampal volumes were computed from contiguous 3.

Dynamic publication model for neurophysiology databases.

We have implemented a pair of database projects, one serving cortical electrophysiology and the other invertebrate neurones and recordings. The design for each combines aspects of two proven schemes for information interchange. The journal article metaphor determined the type, scope, organization and quantity of data to comprise each submission.