Long-term survival from adenocarcinoma of the esophagus after transthoracic and transhiatal esophagectomy.

Background: The effects of transthoracic or transhiatal esophagectomy on the long-term survival of patients who had adenocarcinoma of the esophagus were compared, as were factors applicable in preoperative stratification of patient treatment.

Methods: A cohort of 147 consecutive patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus was evaluated for esophagectomy between 1984 and 2000. The patients were followed prospectively and observed survival rates of patients with a transthoracic or transhiatal approach to esophagectomy were compared by standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and relative mortality ratio (RMR) using the expected survival of a matched Norwegian population.

Lung function, respiratory symptoms, and the menopausal transition.

Background: There is limited information on potential changes in respiratory health when women enter the menopausal transition.

Objective: We sought to investigate whether the menopausal transition is related to lung function and asthma and whether body mass index (BMI) modifies associations.

Methods: Four thousand two hundred fifty-nine women from 21 centers (ECRHS II, 2002) responded to a questionnaire concerning women's health.

Long-term prognosis after operation for adhesive small bowel obstruction.

Aim Of Study: The objective of this study was to determine the pattern of recurrence after one or more episodes of adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) during a follow-up period of up to 40 years. Furthermore, we wanted to analyze possible factors with an influence on the recurrence rate and to study the magnitude of "everyday" abdominal pain among these patients.

Patients And Methods: Hospital records of 500 patients operated on for adhesive obstruction at Haukeland University Hospital from 1961 to 1995 were studied.

Effects of the endothelin-1 receptor antagonist tezosentan on renal blood flow and diuresis during prolonged increased intra-abdominal pressure.

Background: It has earlier been shown that increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) reduces renal blood circulation and urine output both clinically and experimentally. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of endothelin-1 inhibition by the endothelin-1 receptor antagonist tezosentan on renal blood circulation and diuresis in pigs subjected to prolonged increased intra-abdominal pressure.

Material And Methods: The IAP in domestic pigs was maintained at 30 mmHg for 3 h.

Ulceration as a possible link between duodenogastric reflux and neoplasms in the stomach of rats.

Background: Duodenogastric reflux predisposes to gastric cancer. This study investigates whether ulceration induced by duodenogastric reflux is associated with the development of neoplasms in the stomach.

Materials And Methods: In a rat experiment, duodenal fluid was directed into the corpus (jejunal reflux) or through the pylorus into the antrum (pyloric reflux).

Gastric mucosa lesions induced by duodenogastric reflux increase penetration of N-[3H]-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine into corpus mucosa of rats.

The mucosal changes by which duodenogastric reflux may predispose to gastric cancer have not been fully clarified. In this study in rats, duodenal fluid was directed into the stomach through a gastroenterostomy (jejunal reflux, N = 29) or through the pylorus (pyloric reflux, N = 30) and compared with 30 controls. Twenty-four weeks later the stomach was exposed to N-[3H]methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine ([3H]MNNG).

Hormonal changes related to reduced renal blood flow and low urine output under prolonged increased intra-abdominal pressure in pigs.

Objective: To investigate effects of prolonged increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) on diuresis, renal blood flow, and hormones that influence renal function, in particular endothelin.

Design: Experimental study.

Setting: Haukeland University Hospital, Norway.

Jejunoileal bypass in the treatment of morbid obesity: a 25-year follow-up study of 36 patients.

Background: Induction of intestinal malabsorption by jejunoileal (JI) bypass was a widely performed procedure for morbid obesity in the 1970's. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term results.

Methods: A total of 36 patients underwent JI bypass from November 1971 to September 1976.

Subepithelial masses of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated by endoscopic ultrasonography.

Objectives: To diagnose and characterize subepithelial lesions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract using endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and search for markers of malignancy in stromal cell tumors.

Methods: Fifty-four patients with suspected subepithelial lesions at endoscopy were examined using miniature ultrasound probes, integrated ultrasound endoscopes, or both. Surgical treatment was considered if a solid lesion had a maximum diameter of at least 3 cm, mixed echogenicity, or an ill-defined or irregular border.

Duodenogastric reflux increases the penetration of N-3H-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine into the antral mucosa of rats: a possible role for mucosal erosions and increased cell proliferation in gastric carcinogenesis.

Duodenogastric reflux is a risk factor for gastric carcinogenesis, but the pathogenesis is not fully understood. We studied the risk of N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced carcinogenesis in the antrum of rats with duodenogastric reflux. Duodenal fluid was directed into the stomach through the pylorus (pyloric reflux group) or through a gastrojejunostomy (jejunal reflux group).

Gastric mucosal exposure to histamine in rats is followed by absorption of histamine but not mucosal hyperemia.

Background/aims: Superficial mucosal damage is associated with mucosal hyperemia and release of histamine into venous blood and gastric lumen. This study was designed to examine if histamine administrated directly to gastric mucosa becomes absorbed and transported away with blood, and if so whether it is capable of increasing gastric mucosal blood flow.

Methodology: Superficial mucosal injury was induced by exposing chambered rat stomachs to 2 M NaCl for 10 min, and 45 min later 4.