Subscapularis Tendon Tears - Usefulness of Written MRI Reports for Guiding Patient Referral to Shoulder Specialists.

Introduction:  Rotator cuff tears are one of the most common reasons for shoulder pain, and patients often present initially to general practitioners. However, subscapularis tears are especially difficult to diagnose and hence adequate therapy is often delayed. General practitioners or non-specialist orthopedic surgeons need reliable MRI findings to allow timely referral of patients to shoulder specialists.

The Subscapularis Interlocking Stitch for the Arthroscopic Treatment of Subscapularis Tendon Tears at the Shoulder.

Restoration of subscapularis function is essential for long-term maintenance of good clinical results for both traumatic and nontraumatic rotator cuff tears. The anatomic repair of partially and completely torn tendons from the footprint at the lesser tuberosity is the goal of surgical repair. The described technique, with a combination of an interlocking stitch and additional mattress sutures using a double-loaded suture anchor, provides reduction of the retracted tendon, sufficient pullout strength, and compression of the tendon to the footprint to facilitate healing.

Oxytocin facilitates protective responses to aversive social stimuli in males.

The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) can enhance the impact of positive social cues but may reduce that of negative ones by inhibiting amygdala activation, although it is unclear whether the latter causes blunted emotional and mnemonic responses. In two independent double-blind placebo-controlled experiments, each involving over 70 healthy male subjects, we investigated whether OXT affects modulation of startle reactivity by aversive social stimuli as well as subsequent memory for them. Intranasal OXT potentiated acoustic startle responses to negative stimuli, without affecting behavioral valence or arousal judgments, and biased subsequent memory toward negative rather than neutral items.