Needle fracture as a complication of dental local anesthesia: recommendations for prevention and a comprehensive treatment algorithm based on literature from the past four decades.

Objectives: The aim of this publication is to provide a concept for prevention and a standardized step-by-step clinical approach to this rare but serious and potentially preventable complication of dental local anesthesia.

Materials And Methods: We collected data with a PUBMED search using the key words "local anesthesia," "dental anesthesia/anesthesia" OR "mandibular block anesthesia," "complication," "hypodermic needle," "needle breakage" OR "needle fracture," and "foreign body AND removal" OR "retrieval." The existing literature was systematically evaluated from 1980 to date using Microsoft Excel 2007 (Microsoft Corporation).

Use of a modified high submandibular approach to treat condylar base fractures: Experience with 44 consecutive cases treated in a single institution.

Purpose: The aim of this article is to present our experience treating fractures of the condylar base with a modification of the high submandibular approach (HSA).

Materials And Methods: Between June 2012 and April 2015, 44 fractures of the condylar base were treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Medical Hospital of Graz using the modified HSA.

Results: We did not observe any damage (even transient) to the facial nerve or any complication related to violation of the parotid capsule (such as a salivary fistula, Frey syndrome, or a sialocele).

Intermuscular pterygoid-temporal abscess following inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia-A computer tomography based navigated surgical intervention: Case report and review.

Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) anesthesia is a common local anesthetic procedure. Although IANB anesthesia is known for its safety, complications can still occur. Today immediately or delayed occurring disorders following IANB anesthesia and their treatment are well-recognized.

The mandibular symphysis as a starting point for the occlusal-level reconstruction of panfacial fractures with bicondylar fractures and interruption of the maxillary and mandibular arches: report of two cases.

Panfacial fractures represent a challenge, even for experienced maxillofacial surgeons, because all references for reconstructing the facial skeleton are missing. Logical reconstructive sequencing based on a clear understanding of the correlation between projection and the widths and lengths of facial subunits should enable the surgeon to achieve correct realignment of the bony framework of the face and to prevent late deformity and functional impairment. Reconstruction is particularly challenging in patients presenting with concomitant fractures at the Le Fort I level and affecting the palate, condyles, and mandibular symphysis.