Polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in infant food: Occurrence and exposure assessment.

The objective of this study was to analyze the concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in infant food (infant formulas and human milk) collected in Serbia and to assess their exposure and associated health risks. A total of 101 PCB congeners and 26 PBDE congeners were analyzed. In infant formulas (IF), the total PCB levels averaged 63.

The Impact of Comorbidity and Age on the Risk of Hospitalization and Mortality in Patients with Previous COVID-19 Infection-Based on Nationwide Data.

: The influence of comorbidity on long-term hospitalization and mortality after COVID-19 in adults (40-59 years) and older adults (≥60 years) is yet to be explored. : This is a Danish population-based cohort study of patients with a first-time positive PCR test for COVID-19 from 1 March 2020, to 28 February 2022 (N = 1,034,103). Exposed cohorts were patients with 1) a Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score of 1-2 and 2) a CCI score ≥3, who were compared to patients without comorbidity (CCI of zero) within the groups of adults (67.

Detection of Residual iPSCs Following Differentiation of iPSC-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells.

The goal of this study was to develop a lot release assay for iPSC residuals following directed differentiation of iPSCs to retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. RNA Sequencing (RNA Seq) of iPSCs and RPE derived from them was used to identify pluripotency markers downregulated in RPE cells. Quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) was then applied to assess iPSC residuals in iPSC-derived RPE.

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A 22-year-old woman, known to have a BMI of 12 kg/m2 and a personality disorder, developed urinary retention on a normal dose of quetiapine. She had earlier tolerated a dose of 800 mg quetiapine without complications. The daily dose was 600 mg in combination with oxazepam and zolpidem.

Changes in endoscopic activity and classification of lesions with panenteric capsule endoscopy in patients treated for Crohn's disease - a prospective blinded comparison with ileocolonoscopy, faecal calprotectin and C-reactive protein.

Background And Aims: Panenteric capsule endoscopy (PCE) is a minimally invasive modality that may replace ileocolonoscopy (IC) in selected patients with Crohn's disease (CD). This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of repeated assessment with PCE in patients receiving medical treatment for ileocolonic CD.

Methods: This prospective, blinded, multicentre study included patients with endoscopically active CD.

The impact of iron deficiency on patients under evaluation for colorectal cancer, a prospective cross-sectional study.

Background And Objective: Iron deficiency affects more than 60% of colorectal cancer patients at the time of diagnosis. Iron deficiency ultimately leads to anemia, but additionally, iron deficiency might impact other domains of colorectal cancer patients' health and well-being. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of iron deficiency on fatigue, quality of life, cognition, and physical ability in patients undergoing evaluation for colorectal cancer.

Model-Based Interspecies Scaling for Predicting Human Pharmacokinetics of CB 4332, a Complement Factor I Protein.

Interspecies scaling of the pharmacokinetics (PK) of CB 4332, a 150 kDa recombinant complement factor I protein, was performed using traditional and model-based approaches to inform first-in-human dose selection. Plasma concentration versus time data from four preclinical PK studies of single intravenous and subcutaneous (SC) CB 4332 dosing in mice, rats and nonhuman primates (NHPs) were modeled simultaneously using naive pooling including allometric scaling. The human-equivalent dose was calculated using the preclinical no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) as part of the dose-by-factor approach.

The primitive endoderm supports lineage plasticity to enable regulative development.

Mammalian blastocyst formation involves the specification of the trophectoderm followed by the differentiation of the inner cell mass into embryonic epiblast and extra-embryonic primitive endoderm (PrE). During this time, the embryo maintains a window of plasticity and can redirect its cellular fate when challenged experimentally. In this context, we found that the PrE alone was sufficient to regenerate a complete blastocyst and continue post-implantation development.

Prevalence of Obesity-Related Disease in a Danish Population - The Results of an Algorithm-Based Screening Program.

Purpose: The prevalence of obesity continues to rise. People with obesity are at increased risk of several diseases. We tested an algorithm-based screening program for people with a BMI above 30 kg/m and present data on the prevalence of previously undiagnosed obesity-related diseases.

Engineering a computable epiblast for in silico modeling of developmental toxicity.

Developmental hazard evaluation is an important part of assessing chemical risks during pregnancy. Toxicological outcomes from prenatal testing in pregnant animals result from complex chemical-biological interactions, and while New Approach Methods (NAMs) based on in vitro bioactivity profiles of human cells offer promising alternatives to animal testing, most of these assays lack cellular positional information, physical constraints, and regional organization of the intact embryo. Here, we engineered a fully computable model of the embryonic disc in the CompuCell3D.

Mathematical modelling of stem and progenitor cell dynamics during ruxolitinib treatment of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Introduction: The Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms are a group of slowly progressing haematological malignancies primarily characterised by an overproduction of myeloid blood cells. Patients are treated with various drugs, including the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib. Mathematical modelling can help propose and test hypotheses of how the treatment works.

Children born preterm or small for gestational age to mothers with multiple sclerosis: Do these children have an increased risk of infections in early life?

Background: Mothers with multiple sclerosis are at increased risk of preterm birth and small for gestational age infants. Both conditions pose a risk of morbidity, including early-life infections.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the risk of infections in the first 3 years of life among children born preterm or small for gestational age to mothers with multiple sclerosis.

The use of opioids nine months after surgery for Crohn's disease - a nationwide cohort study.

Background: The risk of chronic opioid use after surgery for Crohn's disease (CD) is not known.

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the chronic opioid use after surgery according to age at time of surgery and to opioid use prior to surgery.

Methods: This nationwide cohort study included patients with a first surgery for CD (January 1, 1996 through 2021).

New Surgery and Hospital-diagnosed Infections in Elderly Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Undergoing Surgery: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Elderly patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] are fragile in many respects. Therefore, in these patients, we studied postoperative complications [new abdominal surgery and serious infections after the first IBD surgery].

Methods: This is a nationwide cohort study based on Danish health registries and included patients with IBD undergoing surgery.

Neonatal outcomes in women with Multiple Sclerosis - Influence of disease activity: A Danish nationwide cohort study.

Background: Maternal Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has been associated with an increased risk of adverse birth outcomes. We hypothesized that active disease during conception and pregnancy plays an important role in this context, which this study aims to address.

Methods: We used the Danish registers to conduct a nationwide cohort study.

Does Surgery Before Pregnancy in Women With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Increase the Risk of Adverse Maternal and Fetal Outcomes? A Danish National Cohort Study.

Introduction: Up to 15% of women with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) undergo bowel surgery before pregnancy, and there is little data on pregnancy outcomes in this population. We aimed to assess maternal/fetal outcomes in women with CD or UC who underwent surgeries before pregnancy.

Methods: In this nationwide study, we included all pregnancies in women with CD or UC from 1997 to 2022 and examined 6 categories of CD and UC surgeries before pregnancy.

Protecting Human and Animal Health: The Road from Animal Models to New Approach Methods.

Animals and animal models have been invaluable for our current understanding of human and animal biology, including physiology, pharmacology, biochemistry, and disease pathology. However, there are increasing concerns with continued use of animals in basic biomedical, pharmacological, and regulatory research to provide safety assessments for drugs and chemicals. There are concerns that animals do not provide sufficient information on toxicity and/or efficacy to protect the target population, so scientists are utilizing the principles of replacement, reduction, and refinement (the 3Rs) and increasing the development and application of new approach methods (NAMs).

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and all-cause mortality with and without myeloproliferative neoplasms-a Danish longitudinal study.

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR) is increased in chronic inflammation and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). We hypothesize that NLR is associated with all-cause mortality and mortality by comorbidity burden in the general population and individuals with MPN. We included 835,430 individuals from The Danish General Suburban Population Study, general practitioners, and outpatient clinics.

506 Protects the Intestinal Barrier from the Damaging Effects of Enteric Pathogens and Deoxynivalenol.

This study investigated the impact of 506 on gut barrier integrity and regulation of inflammation in vitro using intestinal epithelial cell lines. Caco-2 or HT29 cell monolayers were challenged with enterotoxigenic (ETEC) or a ruminant isolate of Heidelberg in the presence or absence of one of six probiotic spp. strains.