Evidence that the medium-chain acyltransferase of lactating-goat mammary-gland fatty acid synthetase is identical with the acetyl/malonyltransferase.

Competitive binding experiments with malonyl-CoA and [1-14C]acetyl-CoA, [1-14C]butyryl-CoA or [1-14C]decanoyl-CoA indicate that all these substrates are transferred to lactating-goat mammary-gland fatty acid synthetase by the same transferase. Isolation and determination of the amino acid sequence of [1-14C]decanoyl-labelled CNBr-cleavage peptide from the decanoyltransferase site showed that this transferase is identical with the acetyl/malonyltransferase.

Postoperative survival of patients with potentially curable cancer of the colon.

The association between histopathologic findings and postoperative survival in 442 patients with potentially curable carcinomas of the colon has been analyzed using Cox's regression model. The prognostic variables included in the study were age, sex, stage of disease according to Dukes' classification and Broders' grading, as well as presence/absence at the time of operation of venous and nerve invasion. The overall five-year postoperative survival rate was 46.

Amino acid sequence around the active-site serine residue in the acyltransferase domain of goat mammary fatty acid synthetase.

Goat mammary fatty acid synthetase was labelled in the acyltransferase domain by formation of O-ester intermediates by incubation with [1-14C]acetyl-CoA and [2-14C]malonyl-CoA. Tryptic-digest and CNBr-cleavage peptides were isolated and purified by high-performance reverse-phase and ion-exchange liquid chromatography. The sequences of the malonyl- and acetyl-labelled peptides were shown to be identical.

Limitations in the use of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for identification and quantification of thermogenin.

The use of immunological assays, ELISA and RIA, for the identification and quantification of thermogenin (the brown adipose tissue-specific, GDP-binding, 32 kDa uncoupling protein) raises doubts regarding the exclusive occurrence of thermogenin in brown adipose tissue. Weak reactions between mitochondria from rat liver, rat skeletal and heart muscle and hamster white adipose and thermogenin antibodies have been observed (Cannon et al., 1982; Lean et al.

Aerotaxis by the freshwater oligochaete Tubifex sp.

1. The influence of oxygen on the direction of movement (aerotaxis) by the freshwater oligochaete, Tubifex sp., was investigated by monitoring the behaviour of adult animals in different oxygen gradients.

Effect of specific thromboxane-synthetase inhibition on thromboxane and prostaglandin synthesis in stable angina induced by exercise test.

14 patients with effort induced angina pectoris were treated with a specific TxB2 inhibitor Dazoxiben or verapamil for two weeks with a wash-out period of 14 days between the two regimens. A sub-maximal bicycle test was performed before treatment and at the end of each treatment period. The bicycle test induced a significant increase in serum TxB2 in patients without treatment and during verapamil therapy.

Red cell 2,3-DPG, ATP, and mean cell volume in highly trained athletes. Effect of long-term submaximal exercise.

20 male elite long distance runners were compared to a control group of blood donors to determine the effect of training on red blood cells. The acute effects of exercise on red cells were investigated in 11 of the runners following a race of 15-30 km. The runners had elevated resting values of red cell 2,3-DPG (P less than 0.

Follicular growth and production of estrogen and progesterone after injection of gilts with human chorionic gonadotropin on day 12 of the estrous cycle.

Twenty cyclic gilts were injected im with either saline (control) or 1,000 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on d 12 of the estrous cycle to determine the effects of hCG on follicular development and steroidogenesis. Blood was collected when gilts were sacrificed on d 13 or 16. Follicles were classified as medium (3 to 6 mm in diameter) or large (greater than 6 mm diameter), dissected from the ovary, measured and weighed.

Triacylglycerol synthesis in goat mammary gland. Factors influencing the esterification of fatty acids synthesized de novo.

ATP alone had no effect on incorporation of fatty acids synthesized de novo and membrane-bound diacylglycerol into triacylglycerol. Combined addition of ATP and Mg2+ totally inhibits incorporation of fatty acids synthesized de novo and stimulated incorporation of membrane-bound diacylglycerol. ATP, Mg2+ and glycerol 3-phosphate stimulate incorporation of fatty acids synthesized de novo into triacylglycerol, but inhibited the incorporation of membrane-bound diacylglycerol.

Triacylglycerol synthesis in goat mammary gland. The effect of ATP, Mg2+ and glycerol 3-phosphate on the esterification of fatty acids synthesized de novo.

Goat mammary-gland microsomal fraction by itself induces synthesis of medium-chain-length fatty acids by goat mammary fatty acid synthetase and incorporates short- and medium-chain fatty acids into triacylglycerol. Addition of ATP in the absence or presence of Mg2+ totally inhibits triacylglycerol synthesis from short- and medium-chain fatty acids, and severely inhibits synthesis de novo of medium-chain fatty acids. The inhibition by ATP of fatty acid synthesis and triacylglycerol synthesis de novo can be relieved by glycerol 3-phosphate.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) studies of the interaction between mammalian and avian anti-thermogenin antibodies and brown-adipose-tissue mitochondria from different species.

Three different antibody preparations, rabbit anti-hamster and rabbit anti-rat thermogenin sera and chicken anti-rat thermogenin IgG, were tested for cross-reactivity towards isolated thermogenin and BAT mitochondria from different mammalian species using an ELISA-technique. It was found that the antibody preparations readily cross-reacted with different species, but that the affinity of the antibody preparations was greater towards the homologous species than the other species. The reactivity of an antibody preparation towards mitochondria from different tissues from the homologous species was also tested, and the exclusive occurrence of thermogenin in BAT could be confirmed.

Surgical management of intestinal obstruction in the late course of malignant disease.

Intra-abdominal and pelvic malignancies not infrequently are complicated by intestinal obstruction during their progressive course. How energetically this complication should be treated is a matter of controversy. An analysis of 41 such cases is presented.

The survival of pig to rabbit renal xenografts during inhibition of thromboxane synthesis.

Five rabbits treated with the thromboxane synthetase inhibitor Dazoxiben and five control rabbits received pig renal xenografts. Plasma albumin, complement factor C3, TXB2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, and serum TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha were determined before and 1/2 hour after transplantation. The xenograft survival was significantly decreased in the Dazoxiben treated animals compared to the placebo treated animals determined as time to total cyanosis of the graft, total urine production, and time to stop of urine production.

Artificial sweeteners and absence of bladder cancer risk in Copenhagen.

During the years 1979 to 1981 a population-based case-control study of bladder cancer including papillomas was performed in Greater Copenhagen. After exclusions some 388 patients (290 males; 98 females) and an age- and sex-matched group of 787 controls (592 males; 195 females) remained for analysis. Controls were selected at random from the general population of the study area.

Venous and nerve invasion as prognostic factors in postoperative survival of patients with resectable cancer of the rectum.

The histopathologic and clinical findings in 682 patients with carcinoma of the rectum have been analyzed. Invasion of veins and nerves by primary growth was found in 38.9 and 34.