Separate and combined effects of alcohol and tobacco on the amplitude of the contingent negative variation.

To examine the separate and combined effects of alcohol and tobacco smoking on cortical functioning, the amplitude of the contingent negative variation (CNV) was studied during a simple reaction time task in non-smokers, tobacco-deprived smokers and non-deprived smokers in sessions involving administration of four cigarettes and/or 0.65 g/kg ethyl alcohol. Computer analysis indicated that alcohol and combined alcohol + tobacco significantly reduced the CNV amplitude in non-deprived smokers.

EEG alpha correlates of alcohol consumption in smokers and nonsmokers. Effects of smoking and smoking deprivation.

Tobacco smoking either prior to or during alcohol consumption or both counteracted the alcohol-induced slowing of alpha frequency which was evident in both nonsmokers and deprived smokers.

Effects of tobacco, time on task, and stimulus speed on judgments of velocity and time.

16 college students were required to predict the time of target arrival for a stimulus apparently moving horizontally to a point of occlusion and to reproduce the time interval the stimulus was present under smoking and no-smoking conditions. Tobacco resulted in underestimations of velocity and time judgments particularly in the early stage of the task and for the slowest stimulus speed.