Clinical proof-of-concept results with a novel TRPA1 antagonist (LY3526318) in 3 chronic pain states.

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is implicated in physiological and pathological nociceptive signaling, but the clinical benefit of TRPA1 antagonists in chronic pain is not clearly demonstrated. LY3526318 is an oral, potent, and selective novel TRPA1 antagonist. The Chronic Pain Master Protocol was used to evaluate the safety and efficacy of LY3526318 in 3 randomized, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept studies in knee osteoarthritis pain (OA), chronic low back pain (CLBP), and diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP).

Discrepancies in perceptions of PTSD symptoms among veteran couples: Links to poorer relationship and individual functioning.

Veteran and intimate partner perceptions of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may differ, and little is known about how agreement or disagreement on symptom severity is related to relationship satisfaction. Veterans and their partners (N = 199 couples) completed a baseline assessment for a clinical trial evaluating two couple-based PTSD interventions. Veterans completed the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5).

Examining the impact of brief couples-based posttraumatic stress disorder treatments on anger and psychological aggression in veterans and their partners.

Anger can adversely impact functioning in veterans. Psychological aggression, which is related to but distinct from anger, is particularly detrimental to veterans' mental health. Research examining anger and psychological aggression following individual therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has demonstrated small effect sizes.

A novel framework for ketamine-assisted couple therapy.

Intimate relationship distress is prevalent and is associated with poorer health, mental health, and mortality outcomes. Evidence-based couple therapies target cognitive, behavioral, and emotional processes that underlie relationship dysfunction. Increasing research and clinical evidence supports the efficacy of ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAP) for addressing clinical mental health concerns, including depression, anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, and more.

MDMA-assisted brief cognitive behavioral conjoint therapy for PTSD: Study protocol for a pilot study.

Background: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) impacts both individual and relational functioning. Veteran couples are at increased risk of relationship distress due to military stressors such as deployment, family reintegration, and traumatic stress. Although both Cognitive-Behavioral Conjoint Therapy (CBCT) and its brief version (bCBCT) consistently have large effects on reducing PTSD symptoms, these treatments have more variable effects on relational outcomes.

Intermittent Fasting After ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Improves Left Ventricular Function: The Randomized Controlled INTERFAST-MI Trial.

Background: Intermittent fasting has shown positive effects on numerous cardiovascular risk factors. The INTERFAST-MI trial (Intermittent Fasting in Myocardial Infarction) has been designed to study the effects of intermittent fasting on cardiac function after STEM (ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction) and the feasibility of future multicenter trials.

Methods: The INTERFAST-MI study was a prospective, randomized, controlled, nonblinded, single-center investigator-initiated trial.

Design of a randomized clinical trial of brief couple therapy for PTSD augmented with intranasal oxytocin.

Background: Leveraging military veterans' intimate relationships during treatment has the potential to concurrently improve posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and relationship quality. Cognitive-Behavioral Conjoint Therapy (CBCT) and an 8-session Brief Cognitive-Behavioral Conjoint Therapy (bCBCT) are manualized treatments designed to simultaneously improve PTSD and relationship functioning for couples in which one partner has PTSD. Although efficacious in improving PTSD, the effects of CBCT on relationship satisfaction are small, especially among veterans.

Nutrition to Enhance Metabolic-Bariatric Surgery Outcomes.

Background: Gender-specific post-surgical goals for 12-month percent body fat (%BF) based on World Health Organization (WHO) obesity thresholds and for lean mass-sparing were published as preliminary body composition (BC) guidelines to address a knowledge gap in metabolic-bariatric surgery (MBS). Other studies' %BF outcomes inconsistently fell below obesity thresholds; none described nutrition practices. To help practitioners positively influence patients' BC and weight changes, this study describes the team-supported process of conducting serial body composition analysis (sBCA) concomitantly with the evidence-based nutrition practices applied to generate the preliminary guidelines.

Examining veterans' preferences for how to deliver couples-based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder: Home-based telehealth or in-person?

Understanding the modality by which veterans prefer to receive couples-based posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment (i.e., home-based telehealth, in-person) may increase engagement in PTSD psychotherapy.

Isolation of circulating endothelial cells provides tool to determine endothelial cell senescence in blood samples.

Circulating endothelial cells (CEC) are arising as biomarkers for vascular diseases. However, whether they can be utilized as markers of endothelial cell (EC) senescence in vivo remains unknown. Here, we present a protocol to isolate circulating endothelial cells for a characterization of their senescent signature.

An examination of relationship satisfaction as a predictor of outcomes of brief couple therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder.

The pretreatment quality of intimate relationships can promote or interfere with couple therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment response. We tested whether baseline relationship satisfaction predicted clinical and process outcomes in two dyadic treatments for PTSD. Using data from a randomized trial comparing brief cognitive behavioral conjoint therapy (bCBCT) for PTSD to PTSD family education (PFE) among 137 military veterans and their partners (N = 274, M = 42.

Intranasal parainfluenza virus type 5 (PIV5)-vectored RSV vaccine is safe and immunogenic in healthy adults in a phase 1 clinical study.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can lead to serious disease in infants, and no approved RSV vaccine is available for infants. This first in-human clinical trial evaluated a single dose of BLB201, a PIV5-vectored RSV vaccine administrated via intranasal route, for safety and immunogenicity in RSV-seropositive healthy adults (33 to 75 years old). No severe adverse events (SAEs) were reported.

A pilot of couple HOPES within the U.S. Veterans Affairs Healthcare System: PTSD and relationship outcomes in veteran couples.

Conjoint interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) offer an opportunity to target symptoms' broader social impact, including couples' relationship satisfaction. Technology-assisted interventions may help overcome access to care barriers for couples. Couple Helping Overcome PTSD and Enhance Satisfaction (HOPES) is a coached internet-based couples' intervention for PTSD adapted from cognitive behavioral conjoint therapy, an evidence-based dyadic therapy for PTSD.

Pilot test of intranasal oxytocin as an enhancer of brief couples therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) negatively impacts military veterans and their intimate partners. Cognitive-Behavioral Conjoint Therapy (CBCT) was developed to address both PTSD and relationship satisfaction among couples. Although efficacious in improving PTSD, the effects of CBCT and the 8-session brief CBCT (bCBCT) on relationship satisfaction among veteran patients with PTSD are modest.

Sexual Minority Women, Health Care Discrimination, and Poor Health Outcomes: A Mediation Model Through Delayed Care.

Sexual minority (SM) women are a heterogeneous group who commonly report negative health care experiences at the intersection of their diverse sexual orientations and racial/ethnic identities. However, scarce research has evaluated how negative health care experiences may affect health outcomes among this population. Informed by the Health Equity Promotion Model for SM health, this study evaluated mediation models in which delayed care mediated the association between provider discrimination and poor health outcomes in SM women.

Sexual Minority Women and Discriminatory Health Care Experiences: An Intersectional Evaluation Across Race and Ethnicity.

Objective: Health care discrimination contributes to medical mistrust among marginalized communities. Sexual minority women of color (SM-WOC) are marginalized because of the intersection of their sexual orientation, gender, and race/ethnicity and regularly report poor health care experiences at the intersection of these identities. However, research has yet to quantify differences in the prevalence of reported health care discrimination across SM women of various racial/ethnic backgrounds.

The role of veterans' PTSD symptoms in veteran couples' insomnia.

Insomnia contributes to individual mental and physical health and relationship well-being. Veterans' PTSD symptoms are associated with their own insomnia. However, research has not explored whether and how veterans' PTSD symptoms are associated with their partners' insomnia.

A Comparison Between Direct Telehealth and In-Person Methods of Teaching Expressive Labels to Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Recent behavior analytic research has demonstrated that the provision of applied behavior analytic services via direct telehealth can be an effective teaching modality for some learners with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Historically, teaching procedures based on applied behavior analysis (ABA), including discrete trial teaching (DTT), have been provided and evaluated via in-person delivery. This study sought to compare the implementation of DTT via direct telehealth to DTT implemented in-person within and across participants.

Longitudinal Associations Among Adolescents' Sexual Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behaviors.

Youth sex and relationship education programs aim to improve adolescent well-being by changing their knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes regarding sex and their health. However, there is a gap in existing research linking these cognitive targets to relevant behaviors, and a particular dearth of data on links with sexual behaviors. The current study tested longitudinal links between cognitive factors related to sex (attitudes about sex, normative beliefs, risk-avoidant intentions, and confidence in refusal skills) and outcomes of sexual behaviors (recent sexual encounters, number of sexual partners, and frequency of condom use).

Use of telemental health for VA family services before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Military veterans experiencing relationship or family difficulties are able to access family services (i.e., couple and family therapy) through the Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System.

Empagliflozin prevents neointima formation by impairing smooth muscle cell proliferation and accelerating endothelial regeneration.

Background: Empagliflozin, an inhibitor of the sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) and developed as an anti-diabetic agent exerts additional beneficial effects on heart failure outcomes. However, the effect of empagliflozin on vascular cell function and vascular remodeling processes remains largely elusive.

Methods/results: Immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting revealed SGLT2 to be expressed in human smooth muscle (SMC) and endothelial cells (EC) as well as in murine femoral arteries.

Zika virus alters centrosome organization to suppress the innate immune response.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus transmitted via mosquitoes and sex to cause congenital neurodevelopmental defects, including microcephaly. Inherited forms of microcephaly (MCPH) are associated with disrupted centrosome organization. Similarly, we found that ZIKV infection disrupted centrosome organization.

A randomized trial of brief couple therapy for PTSD and relationship satisfaction.

Objective: This three-arm randomized trial tested a brief version of cognitive-behavioral conjoint therapy (bCBCT) delivered in two modalities compared to couples' psychoeducation in a sample of U.S. veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and their intimate partners.

Genome-Wide Knockout Screen Identifies Human Sialomucin CD164 as an Essential Entry Factor for Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus.

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is a well-studied mammarenavirus that can be fatal in congenital infections. However, our understanding of LCMV and its interactions with human host factors remains incomplete. Here, host determinants affecting LCMV infection were investigated through a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen in A549 cells, a human lung adenocarcinoma line.