Beyond traditional prognostics: integrating RAG-enhanced AtlasGPT and ChatGPT 4.0 into aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage outcome prediction.

To assess the predictive accuracy of advanced AI language models and established clinical scales in prognosticating outcomes for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). This retrospective cohort study included 82 patients suffering from aSAH. We evaluated the predictive efficacy of AtlasGPT and ChatGPT 4.

Complex Micellization Behavior of the Polysorbates Tween 20 and Tween 80.

Polysorbates (PSs, Tweens) are widely used surfactant products consisting of a sorbitan ring connecting up to four ethylene oxide (EO) chains of variable lengths, one or more of which are esterified with fatty acids of variable lengths and saturation degrees. Pharmaceutical applications include the stabilization of biologicals in solutions and the solubilization of poorly water soluble, active ingredients. This study characterizes the complex association behavior of compendial PSs PS20 and PS80, which is fundamentally different from that of single-component surfactants.

[The potential uses and limitations of the flexible laryngoscopy under local anesthesia in clinical practice].

Microsurgery of the larynx is commonly performed as direct laryngoscopy (DL) under general anesthesia. An alternative in selected cases is flexible laryngoscopy (FSL) under local anesthesia. We used a flexible laryngoscope that contained an additional working tunnel (Olympus ENF Type T3).

[Cystic space-occupying lesion of the neck soft tissues: cave echinococcosis].

The diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (echinococcus granulosus) in an atypical location can be difficult to make and frequently can only be established by histological examination of affected tissues. Surgical excision and fine-needle aspiration biopsy usually lead to the diagnosis. Since puncture of these cysts may cause an anaphylactic reaction due to spillage of hydatid fluid and/or dissemination of infection, the use of fine-needle aspiration biopsy is controversial at present.

Imbalance between cathepsin-B and cysteine proteinase-inhibitors is of prognostic-significance in human lung-cancer.

In the study of 69 matched pairs of lung tumors and normal lung parenchyma, the median activities of cathepsin B (CB) and cystein proteinase inhibitors (CPI's) in tumors were found to be increased 4.4-fold and twofold, respectively. The levels of CB and CPI activities did not correlate with TNM stages nor with cell differentiation.

Prognostic value of increased lung tumor tissue cathepsin B.

In the study of 65 matched pairs of lung tumor tissue and normal lung parenchyma, cathepsin B (CB) activity was found to be increased about 4.6-fold, when regarding median levels. CB activity was found to be insignificantly higher in adenocarcinoma compared to the other histologic cell types.

[Ointment treatment of 1st degree hemorrhoids. Comparison of the effectiveness of a phytogenic preparation with two new ointments containing synthetic drugs].

Objectives: Investigation of the usefulness of a vegetable-based hemorrhoid ointment in comparison with two other ointments containing synthetic substances, one of which additionally contained corticoid.

Study Design: Treatment of 90 patients with first-degree hemorrhoids in the surgical department of a University Polyclinic, within the framework of a double-blind three-limb study of 21 days duration. Follow-up examinations on the third, seventh, fourteenth and twenty-first day of treatment.

[Reduced mastication as a cause of chronic gastritis].

The influence of reduced mastication on the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis was examined in rats. In spite of reducing experimentally the masticatory effect to a third no inflammation of the gastric mucosa was to provoke. Nevertheless, the attended group showed a significant smaller increase of weight during the experiment.

[Ozone-oxygen therapy in proctology].

The diffusion of oxygen through the colon wall could be demonstrated in animal experiment. The relevant rise in PaO2 can be evidenced both in blood vessels and in the liver, whereby a significantly high increase of 250% above the normal value was recorded in the region of the intestinal wall. The venous blood values were at 230%, those in the portal vein at 134%, and in the liver parenchyma at 127%.

[Sacral anesthesia in proctology].

The experience with sacral anesthesia is reported on a total of 513 proctologic patients. From them, 105 cases were submitted to the sacral anesthesia without extradural morphine application, and 308 cases were anesthesized with simultaneous extradural administration of morphine. Easy in applicability, the sacral anesthesia is such an analgesic procedure which results in no complications and may be employed mainly in elder patients.

[Early diagnosis and treatment of small rectal carcinomas].

After a brief review of literary sources, a total of 145 patients with average age 64.5 years is evaluated. Authors report on that the early diagnosed rectal carcinoma (T of Dukes A or CSI + II in accord with Mason) can be removed within the intact tissue either by transanal route or using the posterior proctotomy.

[Polyps in the rectosigmoid].

A total of rectosigmoidal adenomatous polyps from 1965 to 1987 is scrutinized. Authors refer to 1564 rectosigmoidal adenomas they diagnosed during the 23 years all along with transanal both surgery and endoscopy removal as well as subsequent histology. Patients are life-long submitted to regular rectoscopies, the adenomas being the initiation of adenocarcinomatous transformation.

[Screening using Krypto-Haem-SSWR for the early detection of colorectal carcinomas and adenomas].

In the last 30 years, colorectal carcinomas have been stated to occur markedly in all industrial countries. From colonic and rectal malignant tumors, the amounts of 4225 in 1961 and 7220 in 1984 were newly registered in GDR. Thus the number of patients with colorectal carcinomas showed the decrease for up to 70.

[Testis endothesis surgery. Results of an ambulatory clinical evaluation study].

Under out-patient conditions 13 testicular endotheses of silicone rubber were implanted in local anaesthesia. The mean age of the 11 patients was 44.6 years and minimum follow-up was one year.

[Experiences with sacral anesthesia in combination with morphine analgesia].

Sacral anaesthesia is an anaesthetic method which is easy to learn, has a low complication rate and can be used also in elderly patients. The application of long-lasting local anaesthetics like bupivacaine in combination with morphine provides good conditions for postoperative pain relief following proctological operations. The extradural injection of 5 mg morphine considerably eases the postoperative period for the patient.

[Surgery of proctologic diseases in the polyclinic].

The incidence of proctological diseases is on a rising trend, and some of them require surgical treatment. Outpatient handling is indicated, following thorough diagnosis, and in common practice worldwide. The surgical specialist, in command of pain-killing methods, is in a position to apply surgical treatment on a outpatient basis.

[Development of cryosurgery treatment methods in inoperable anus and rectum cancer and their introduction to general practice].

The domain of cryosurgery in proctology is in the field of inoperable anal and rectal carcinoma therapy with the aim of improving living quality. By intravital microscopy the role of microcirculation as the causative factor for counterheating could be proved. There by the cryodestruction is restricted.

[Conservative treatment of chronic venous insufficiency of the legs (I)].

Surgical treatment is applied to something between five and ten per cent of all patients with chronic venous diseases. Conservative treatment has proved to be justified for decompensated forms with venolymphatic insufficiency. Compression dressing is the mainstay of all measures of conservative treatment.

[Oxygen partial pressure after rectal oxygen insufflation-- experimental animal studies].

An oxygen diffusion through the mucosa of the colon into the vessels of the submucous coat was provable after rectal insufflation of an oxygen-gas mixture by animal experimental investigations in rabbits. Significantly higher pO2 values in the blood of the mesocolon veins, the portal vein, in the arterial and venous mixed blood of the liver parenchyma, and in the arterial vessels of the mesocolon are measurable after rectal application of oxygen during a time of 40 minutes. The oxygen therapy after rectal oxygen insufflation is established by animal experiments.