Octaethyl vs Tetrabenzo Functionalized Ru Porphyrins on Ag(111): Molecular Conformation, Self-Assembly and Electronic Structure.

Metalloporphyrins on interfaces offer a rich playground for functional materials and hence have been subjected to intense scrutiny over the past decades. As the same porphyrin macrocycle on the same surface may exhibit vastly different physicochemical properties depending on the metal center and its substituents, it is vital to have a thorough structural and chemical characterization of such systems. Here, we explore the distinctions arising from coverage and macrocycle substituents on the closely related ruthenium octaethyl porphyrin and ruthenium tetrabenzo porphyrin on Ag(111).

N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Molecular Porters of Surface Mounted Ru-Porphyrins.

Ru-porphyrins act as convenient pedestals for the assembly of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) on solid surfaces. Upon deposition of a simple NHC ligand on a close packed Ru-porphyrin monolayer, an extraordinary phenomenon can be observed: Ru-porphyrin molecules are transferred from the silver surface to the next molecular layer. We have investigated the structural features and dynamics of this portering process and analysed the associated binding strengths and work function changes.

Depositing Molecular Graphene Nanoribbons on Ag(111) by Electrospray Controlled Ion Beam Deposition: Self-Assembly and On-Surface Transformations.

The chemical processing of low-dimensional carbon nanostructures is crucial for their integration in future devices. Here we apply a new methodology in atomically precise engineering by combining multistep solution synthesis of N-doped molecular graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with mass-selected ultra-high vacuum electrospray controlled ion beam deposition on surfaces and real-space visualisation by scanning tunnelling microscopy. We demonstrate how this method yields solely a controllable amount of single, otherwise unsublimable, GNRs of 2.

Conformational Control of Chemical Reactivity for Surface-Confined Ru-Porphyrins.

We assess the crucial role of tetrapyrrole flexibility in the CO ligation to distinct Ru-porphyrins supported on an atomistically well-defined Ag(111) substrate. Our systematic real-space visualisation and manipulation experiments with scanning tunnelling microscopy directly probe the ligation, while bond-resolving atomic force microscopy and X-ray standing-wave measurements characterise the geometry, X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy the electronic structure, and temperature-programmed desorption the binding strength. Density-functional-theory calculations provide additional insight into the functional interface.

Assembly and Manipulation of a Prototypical N-Heterocyclic Carbene with a Metalloporphyrin Pedestal on a Solid Surface.

The controlled arrangement of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) on solid surfaces is a current challenge of surface functionalization. We introduce a strategy of using Ru porphyrins in order to control both the orientation and lateral arrangement of NHCs on a planar surface. The coupling of the NHC to the Ru porphyrin is a facile process which takes place on the interface: we apply NHCs as functional, robust pillars on well-defined, preassembled Ru porphyrin monolayers on silver and characterize these interfaces with atomic precision via a battery of experimental techniques and theoretical considerations.

On-surface Synthesis of a Semiconducting 2D Metal-Organic Framework Cu (C O ) Exhibiting Dispersive Electronic Bands.

A 2D metal-organic framework (2D-MOF) was formed on a Cu(111) substrate using benzenehexol molecules. By means of a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density-functional theory, the structure of the 2D-MOF is determined to be Cu (C O ), which is stabilized by O-Cu-O bonding motifs. We find that upon adsorption on Cu(111), the 2D-MOF features a semiconductor band structure with a direct band gap of 1.

The self-assembly and metal adatom coordination of a linear bis-tetrazole ligand on Ag(111).

We employ a linear linker molecule consisting of a benzene functionalised with two tetrazole moieties at para positions. Its self-assembly and coordination with the native silver adatoms and codeposited Fe adatoms on a Ag(111) surface under ultra high vacuum conditions are investigated by means of scanning tunnelling microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We discover a rich spectrum of room-temperature stable Ag and Fe2+ coordination nodes depending on the formation temperature.

The academic-practice gap: Strategies for an enduring problem.

The academic-practice gap in nursing is well documented. Academe is criticized for producing nurses insufficiently prepared to fully participate in patient care. Practice settings are criticized for having unrealistic expectations of new graduates.

Alignment and Graphene-Assisted Decoration of Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals Containing DNA Origami Nanostructures.

Composites of DNA origami nanostructures dispersed in a lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal are studied by polarizing optical microscopy. The homogeneous aqueous dispersions can be uniformly aligned by confinement between two glass substrates, either parallel to the substrates owing to uniaxial rubbing or perpendicular to the substrates using ozonized graphene layers. These opportunities of uniform alignment may pave the way for tailored anisometric plasmonic DNA nanostructures to photonic materials.

Ocular pulse amplitude as a diagnostic adjunct in giant cell arteritis.

Background: To develop an algorithm based on the ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) to predict the probability of a positive temporal artery biopsy (TAB) result in the acute phase of suspected giant cell arteritis (GCA).

Methods: Unilateral TAB was performed and ipsilateral OPA measurements were taken by Dynamic Contour Tonometry. Among the clinical signs and laboratory findings tested in univariate analyses, OPA, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and thrombocyte count showed a strong association with a positive TAB result.

Early and sustained treatment modifies the phenotype of birdshot retinochoroiditis.

In this single-centre retrospective case review, we investigate the long-term follow-up of birdshot retinochoroiditis (BRC) patients, analysing the impact of early, vigorous, and prolonged treatment on the evolution of indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) signs and fundus appearance. Treatment delay was calculated for each BRC patient, and patients were classified into two groups--treatment delay of <10 months (early-treatment group) and treatment delay of >10 months (delayed-treatment group). Fundus photographs and ICGA frames from the initial visit and from the last follow-up visit were assessed.

Secondary choriocapillaritis in infectious chorioretinitis.

Purpose: To analyse the indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) patterns of hypofluorescence that are compatible with choriocapillaritis that occur secondarily to toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis (ToRC), ocular tuberculosis (including tuberculous choroiditis, TuCR and multifocal serpiginoid choroiditis, TMSC) and syphilitic chorioretinitis (SyCR).

Methods: This was a single centre, retrospective case review study. Patients with a diagnosis of ToRC, TuCR, TMSC or SyCR were identified, their charts were reviewed and fundus photographs, fluorescein angiography (FA) and ICGA pictures were assessed.

Treatment of traumatic corneal abrasions: a three-arm, prospective, randomized study.

Purpose: To compare three different treatment modalities for traumatic corneal abrasions.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized, masked, three-arm clinical study of patients presenting with superficial corneal foreign bodies. Treatment modalities were: (1) pressure patching with ofloxacin ointment (patch group, PG, n = 18), (2) therapeutic contact lens with ofloxacin eye drops (contact lens group, CLG, n = 20) and (3) ofloxacin ointment alone (ointment group, OG, n = 28).

[Hypoglobus--illusive or real? Etiologies of vertical globe displacement in a tertiary referral centre].

Background: While exophthalmus is quantifiable with readily available measurement tools, there is no such tool for hypoglobus/hyperglobus. Despite its possible life-threatening causes only few articles address the etiologies of vertical globe displacement in the current literature. The aim of our study was to describe etiologies of hypoglobus and to analyze the ratio of malignant diseases.

Indocyanine green angiography-guided management of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: differentiation between choroidal scars and active lesions.

When following Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) is crucial in the subacute and convalescent stages of the disease in order to detect subclinical choroiditis and prevent the development of 'sunset glow' fundus. Hypofluorescent dark dots (HDDs) indicate persisting granulomas in the choroid. However, probably as a result of the healing process of choroidal granulomas, stromal choroidal fibrosis can also be shown by HDDs.

Granulomatous keratic precipitates in birdshot retinochoroiditis.

With the purpose of facilitating clinical studies of this infrequent disease, an expert panel published research criteria for birdshot retinochoroiditis (RCBRC). The aim of our study was to investigate the sensitivity of the exclusion criteria of the RCBRC as applied to all patients seen in our center with a diagnosis of BRC. This was a single center retrospective study involving all patients with an ocular inflammatory disease seen at the Centre for Ophthalmic Specialized Care, Lausanne, Switzerland, between 1995 and 2012.

Inter-observer agreement for spectral- and time-domain optical coherence tomography image grading: a prospective study.

The purpose of this study was to compare inter-observer agreement of Stratus™ OCT versus Spectralis™ OCT image grading in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Thirty eyes with neovascular AMD were examined with Stratus™ OCT and Spectralis™ OCT. Four different scan protocols were used for imaging.

Why board culture matters. Interpersonal and group dynamics can affect the entire organization.

How a board functions as a group affects its ability to govern an organization.

The ocular pulse amplitude as a noninvasive parameter for carotid artery stenosis screening: a test accuracy study.

Purpose: To investigate a potential correlation between the ocular pulse amplitude (OPA; i.e., the intraocular pressure difference between the systolic and diastolic phases of the heartbeat) and the severity of carotid artery stenosis (CAS) and to test its role as a screening parameter for CAS during routine ophthalmic examination.

Repeatability of nerve fiber layer thickness measurements in patients with glaucoma and without glaucoma using spectral-domain and time-domain OCT.

Background: The aim of this work is to assess the repeatability of spectral-domain-OCT (SD-OCT) retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) thickness measurements in a non-glaucoma group and patients with glaucoma and to compare these results to conventional time-domain-OCT (TD-OCT).

Methods: In a prospective, comparative, observational case-control study, 50 eyes of 25 non-glaucoma and 22 eyes of 11 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) were included. SD-OCT and TD-OCT circle scans were centered on the optic disc.

Long-term follow-up of children with acute acquired concomitant esotropia.

Purpose: To study the clinical features and surgical outcome of type 2 (Burian-Franceschetti) acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of children with AACE type 2. All patients underwent strabismus surgery to restore ocular alignment.

The ocular pulse amplitude at different intraocular pressure: a prospective study.

Purpose: To investigate changes in ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) during a short-term increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) and to assess possible influences of biometrical properties of the eye, including central corneal thickness (CCT) and axial length.

Methods: In a prospective, single centre study, OPA and IOP as measured by dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) were taken before baseline- and post-OPA (delta) intravitreal injection of 0.05 ml anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents.