Effects of Retinol, Natural Pea Peptide and Antioxidant Blend in a Topical Formulation: In Vitro and Clinical Evidence.

Introduction: Retinol has a long history of treating skin conditions, including photoaging. However, skin irritation with repeated use of retinol is well documented. The present study assessed the effectiveness of a novel topical formulation, referred to as retinol topical formulation (RTF), to improve the quality of skin health.

An Examination into the Effects of a Nutraceutical Supplement on Cognition, Stress, Eye Health, and Skin Satisfaction in Adults with Self-Reported Cognitive Complaints: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

: Dietary quality and the consumption of antioxidant-rich foods have been shown to protect against memory decline. Therefore, this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study aimed to investigate the effects of a nutritional supplement on changes in cognitive performance. : In adults aged 40 to 70 years with subjective memory complaints, participants were randomly allocated to take a supplement containing vitamin E, astaxanthin, and grape juice extract daily for 12 weeks or a matching placebo.

Plant-Derived Extracts Plus Vitamin E and/or Aloe Vera Protect Against Intrinsic/Extrinsic Stressor in Human Skin: and Clinical Evidence.

Background: Humans are exposed to physical, biological, chemical, and psychological stressor throughout their life span. In recent years many medicinal plants have been shown to induce stress adapting and protective functions. Plant-derived extracts and vitamin E exhibit stress protection or resistance by normalizing cellular homeostasis and enhancing resistance to toxic stimuli to overcome cellular damage.

Assessment of Human Skin Gene Expression by Different Blends of Plant Extracts with Implications to Periorbital Skin Aging.

Since the skin is the major protective barrier of the body, it is affected by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Environmental influences such as ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, pollution or dry/cold air are involved in the generation of radical oxygen species (ROS) and impact skin aging and dermal health. Assessment of human skin gene expression and other biomarkers including epigenetic factors are used to evaluate the biological/molecular activities of key compounds in cosmetic formulas.

Novel Gene Expression Profile of Women with Intrinsic Skin Youthfulness by Whole Transcriptome Sequencing.

While much is known about genes that promote aging, little is known about genes that protect against or prevent aging, particularly in human skin. The main objective of this study was to perform an unbiased, whole transcriptome search for genes that associate with intrinsic skin youthfulness. To accomplish this, healthy women (n = 122) of European descent, ages 18-89 years with Fitzpatrick skin type I/II were examined for facial skin aging parameters and clinical covariates, including smoking and ultraviolet exposure.

Differential effects of dietary supplements on metabolomic profile of smokers versus non-smokers.

Background: Cigarette smoking is well-known to associate with accelerated skin aging as well as cardiovascular disease and lung cancer, in large part due to oxidative stress. Because metabolites are downstream of genetic variation, as well as transcriptional changes and post-translational modifications of proteins, they are the most proximal reporters of disease states or reversal of disease states.

Methods: In this study, we explore the potential effects of commonly available oral supplements (containing antioxidants, vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids) on the metabolomes of smokers (n = 11) compared to non-smokers (n = 17).

Biochemical investigation and gene analysis of equol: a plant and soy-derived isoflavonoid with antiaging and antioxidant properties with potential human skin applications.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of equol, a plant and intestinal flora derived isoflavonoid molecule on the expression of skin genes and proteins using human dermal models. As equol has been shown to mimic 17β-estradiol and bind specifically to 5α-dihydrotestostone (5α-DHT), these agents were used (in addition to equol) to determine whether equol may play important and beneficial roles in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Equol at 0.

An exploratory study to determine the association between assessed facial skin aging and plasma isoprostane levels in middle-aged Japanese women.

Background: One of the central mechanisms of aging is hypothesized to be oxidative stress. Quantification of oxidative stress in human organ systems has been difficult. One of the best methods is using plasma isoprostane levels, which have been shown to reflect oxidative stress in multiple nondermatologic organ systems.

Salicin regulates the expression of functional 'youth gene clusters' to reflect a more youthful gene expression profile.

There are a variety of biological mechanisms that contribute to specific characteristics of ageing skin; for example, the loss of skin structure proteins, increased susceptibility to UV-induced pigmentation and/or loss of hydration. Each of these biological processes is influenced by specific groups of genes. In this research, we have identified groups of genes associated with specific clinical signs of skin ageing and refer to these as functional 'youth gene clusters'.

Innovation in the personal care industry.

When considering opportunities to develop novel, eye-catching and consumer-relevant personal care (PC) products, it is important to understand and reflect on how science has changed over the last two decades and how this has generated a new body of data from which to draw ideas and technologies. This article outlines some advances in scientific technologies and new ways of thinking in science, which lead to new insights into skin biology. How these innovations may impact and be leveraged into the development of new products in PC is also discussed.

An evaluation of the effect of a topical product containing salicin on the visible signs of human skin aging.

Background: There are many different visible signs of skin aging. These include wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, lack of firmness, poor texture, enlarged pores, and dryness. While there are many topical agents that claim to deliver wide-spectrum anti-aging benefits, few target all of the signs of skin aging to the same extent.

The clinical utility of a hand-held computerized optical imaging system at assessing skin discoloration.

Background: A hand-held computerized optical device (HCOD) that can be used by a layperson has been developed which is capable of imaging facial skin and assessing multiple skin attributes, including discoloration.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the HCOD's ability to measure changes in discoloration induced over an 8-week course of treatment by comparing data obtained from the HCOD with the assessments of a trained research dermatologist.

Methods: Ten female Caucasian subjects, aged between 41 and 79 years, exhibiting moderate facial dyspigmentation used a combination 0.

A new source of aging?

There has been a considerable increase in understanding how skin ages, along with significant progress toward the correction and prevention of the visible signs of aging. However, there are still many unknown factors regarding why we age - and why we all seem to age differently. An area of high interest is the biological or intrinsic processes that affect our appearance over time.

Post-adolescent acne.

Although acne has traditionally been viewed as predominantly affecting adolescents, a significant and growing body of literature suggests an adult (i.e. post-adolescent) form of the disease.

A multi-sample design for assessing the comedolytic activity of topical products.

Background: Facial comedolytic studies allow testing of a maximum of two products. The upper back provides a larger area with a more uniform distribution of microcomedones for comedolytic studies.

Objective: To design a multi-sample method for assessing comedolytic activity of topical products on the back.

Activity of 5-alpha-reductase and 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the infrainfundibulum of subjects with and without acne vulgaris.

Linoleic acid deficiency, interleukin 1, retinoids and androgens have been implicated as causative factors in the follicular hyperkeratinization seen in acne. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that more androgens are produced in follicles of acne subjects compared to subjects without acne. Thirty-four subjects (males and females with and without acne) were studied.

Activity of type 1 5 alpha-reductase is greater in the follicular infrainfundibulum compared with the epidermis.

The enzyme 5 alpha-reductase converts testosterone (T) to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Although this enzyme has been localized to various regions of the pilosebaceous unit, its activity has not been studied in the follicular portion of either vellus or sebaceous follicles. The goal of our study was to determine the relative activities of 5 alpha-reductase within various regions of these follicles with particular emphasis on the infrainfundibulum.

Apert's syndrome and androgen receptor staining of the basal cells of sebaceous glands.

We report two cases of Apert's syndrome, each of whom developed the severe acne in adolescence which is a feature of this disorder. Both responded to isotretinoin therapy. Immunohistochemical techniques, using a mouse monoclonal antibody, were employed to stain sebocyte androgen receptors in the two patients, and in five controls.

Immunohistochemical study of desmosomes in acne vulgaris.

Desmosomes contribute towards adhesion between adjacent keratinocytes. In acne vulgaris, increased intercellular adhesion is thought to contribute to the retention of keratinocytes within the follicular lumen during comedogenesis. Therefore, the distribution of different desmosomal components was investigated in normal and acne subjects.

Investigation of the expression of the extracellular matrix glycoproteins tenascin and fibronectin during acne vulgaris.

Tenascin and fibronectin are extracellular matrix glycoproteins which can interact with cells and alter their capacity to adhere, migrate and proliferate. In contrast with fibronectin, tenascin has a restricted distribution in normal skin, but is induced during epidermal proliferation, and in wound healing. Because acne involves hyperproliferation of ductal keratinocytes, and rupture of the duct may occur during inflammation, the distribution of tenascin and fibronectin was investigated in acne lesions, and also in acne keloids.

Quantification of cellular proliferation in acne using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67.

The mechanism by which ductal hypercornification occurs in acne is uncertain. We investigated proliferation in normal and acne follicles and in the interfollicular epidermis using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67, which reacts with a nuclear antigen expressed by cells in the G1, S, M, and G2 phases of the cell cycle. Cryostat sections of biopsies from the interscapular region from acne patients and from normal volunteers were stained with Ki-67 antibody and counterstained with 2% methyl green.

Isotretinoin for acne vulgaris--10 years later: a safe and successful treatment.

The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term benefit of isotretinoin in otherwise therapy-resistant acne. We also assessed risk factors which might influence the long-term outcome. We studied 88 patients (mean age 20.

Treatment of closed comedones--comparisons of fulguration with topical tretinoin and electrocautery with fulguration.

Two consecutive studies were performed with the aim of clearly defining the optimal physical treatment for closed comedones. The first 10 patients with clinically significant numbers of facial comedones were treated with fulguration under EMLA anaesthesia on one side of the face and topical tretinoin on the opposite side. At the end of the study fulguration was shown to be significantly (p = 0.